Kōrero: Ngā pakanga ki tāwāhi

Whārangi 1. Te Pakanga ki Āwherika ki te Tonga

Ngā whakaahua me ngā rauemi katoa o tēnei kōrero

Ngā pakanga ki tāwāhi

Kapi katoa i te Māori ngā matawhaura nui taioreore o te ao. Nō te pakūtanga o te pū ka whāia ngā rongo mai i te pakanga, ā, ka whakaara ngā kaumātua i te hunga tamariki kia kori, kia kōrero mō ngā rongo pakanga. Ka tautohe ki runga marae ngā ito o ngā pakanga me te wetewete i ngā take i piripono ai rātou ki te Emepaea o Peretānia. Ka mutu ehara i te mea ohorere ka aronuitia ngā kakari ki Āwherika ki te Tonga, ki Uropi me te Tonga mā Marangai o Āhia. I ngākaunui ētahi o te iwi Māori ki te whai atu.

Ngā urupare ki te Pakanga ki Āwherika ki te Tonga

Tena ra e tama ma e! E tapa i o koutou ingoa!1

Ka whawhai mō ake tonu

Ko Walter Callaway o Hauraki te tūao tuatahi i te pakanga ki Āwherika ki te Tonga. Tokotoru ngā ope taua ka uru atu ia; ā, he āpiha hoki i whakahuatia tōna ingoa i ngā tuku kōrero hautoa. Nāna hoki te akiaki ki te hunga hōia, ‘Kia kaha Niu Tireni! Whawhai maia mo to Kuini, to kainga! Ake! Ake! Ake!’2

Nō te Oketopa o te tau 1899 ka toro mai te Riri Poa. I te takatūtanga ki te pakanga ka mene ētahi iwi ki te Emepaea o Peretānia, mā roto tonu i te Ope Tūao.

He maha tonu ngā rangatira i tono kia taki i ō rātou hapū ki te māra o te pakanga ki Āwherika ki te Tonga. I te matenga o te tama a Rore Roberts, ka tuku te rangatira o Ngāti Porou a Tuta Nihoniho i te mere pounamu a ōna tīpuna, me te kī tērā hoki e tukua atu ngā hōia rima rau. Ko Roberts te kaingārahu o ngā hōia o Peretānia ki Āwherika ki te Tonga. Ko tā Nihoniho kia tukua te rima rau ki ngā rekereke a Rore Roberts, kia tukua rānei rātou hei hoa matenga mō te tama a Rore Roberts.3

I whakahētia te urunga o ngā iwi i kīa rā he iwi kara, ki te pakanga. Ko te ture e kore ngā iwi taketake e whai wāhi ki ngā pakanga a te Pākehā; aua atu tēnei. Ka whakapura te ture, e rua tekau neke atu rānei ngā Māori ka whai wāhi atu ki raro ingoa Pākehā hou; pērā i a Arthur (Aaata) Boyd, i a Callaway (Karawe), i a Ferris (Wherihi), i a Joseph (Hohepa), i a Pitt (Piti, Poynter, i a Thorpe (Taapu), i a Vercoe (Wēko), i a Walker (Waaka) me Withers. Ka tautokona e ngā niupepa Māori ā rātou mahi tae atu hoki ki te pakanga.

Ngā tāpuhi o Ngāpuhi

I te tau 1901 ka hangā te tira kahurangi o Ngāpuhi i mōhiotia ai ko Ngāpuhi Sisters of Mercy. I whakangungu rātou ki te taha hauora, ā, rapu moni ai rātou mō ngā hōia ki te Riri Poa. He eke hoiho rātou, i taea ai ngā whaitua o Whangarei, he whakaora tūroro te mahi. He mea tauira ō rātou pūeru i ērā o ngā Tūao Kaieke o Aotearoa ki Āwherika.

Ngā kaitautoko Poa me ngā kaiāki ā-motu

He maha tonu ngā Māori i tautoko ki ngā Poa me te whakapae ko te Pākehā tonu e kaiā whenua ana. Ki tā ētahi nā ngā pirihi Tiamana ngā Māori i whakakīkī hei tauwehewehe mō ngā whenua raupatu te take.

Heoi ka nanaiore tonu ētahi iwi ki te mahi pūtea mō ngā hōia ki tāwāhi me ngā whānau o ngā hōia kua mate, kua taotū. Kātahi ka titoa mai ngā waiata me ngā haka hei hiki ake i te wairua o te iwi. Ko tētahi haka rongonui i titoa ko ‘Kikia te Poa’.

Kupu tāpiri
  1. Pipiwharauroa: he kupu whakamarama, 1 Āperira 1900, wh. 5. Back
  2. Mike Dwight, Walter Callaway: a Māori warrior of the Boer War. Thames: M. Dwight, 2010, wh. 33. Back
  3. Manawatu Standard, 31 Poutū-te-rangi 1900, wh. 4. Back
Me pēnei te tohu i te whārangi:

Monty Soutar, 'Ngā pakanga ki tāwāhi - Te Pakanga ki Āwherika ki te Tonga', Te Ara - the Encyclopedia of New Zealand, http://www.TeAra.govt.nz/mi/nga-pakanga-ki-tawahi/page-1 (accessed 19 March 2024)

He kōrero nā Monty Soutar, i tāngia i te 20 Jun 2012, updated 1 May 2016