Kōrero: Te hōiho me te iwi

Mai anō i te taenga tuatahi ki Aotearoa, he wāhi nui tō te hōiho i roto i te ao o te Māori, inarā ngā hōiho o Kaimanawa i te puku o Te Ika a Māui, ngā hōiho ‘Nāti’ o Te Tai Rāwhiti, ngā Māori eke hōiho peke-whana, ngā karapu rēihi hōiho Māori, arā atu.

He kōrero nā Basil Keane
Te āhua nui: Te haere ki te mākete

He korero whakarapopoto

Ngā whakaahua me ngā rauemi katoa o tēnei kōrero

Te putanga mai o te hōiho

He nui rawa atu te utu mō ngā hōiho tuatahi ki Aotearoa i te rau tau atu i 1800. Me kī, ko ngā rangatira anake ka āhei te hoko.

Taihoa ā, ka hokona mai he hōiho, ko te poaka me te harakeke hei utu. Nā te hōiho, ka tere atu te haere. Tae rawa ki te tekau tau atu i 1850, ko te hōiho te kaikawe nui i runga i te whenua. Ka noho te hōiho hei koha whakawhitiwhiti i waenganui i ngā iwi.

Tatū rawa ki ngā pakanga o te tekau tau atu i 1860, he hōiho kei tēnā iwi, he hōiho kei tēnā iwi.

Ngā iwi me ngā hōiho tōmua

Ko Ngāpuhi te iwi tuatahi kia whai hōiho. Nō te tau 1814 ka whiwhi a Ruatara i tētahi hōiho, he uha. Nō muri ka kohaina e Ngāpuhi he hōiho ki a Te Arawa rāua ko Ngāti Tūwharetoa.

Tērā ētahi Māori o taua wā i Te Whanganui-a-Tara, e mātaki ana i tētahi hōiho e kauhoe ana ki uta. Ka wehi ngā Māori, he pōhēhē nō rātou he taniwha kē. Hāunga te rangatira o aua tāngata Māori, kīhai ia i wehi, nāna tonu te hōiho i eke. Whāia, ka hokona e tōna iwi te hōiho rā.

Ngā ingoa mō te hōiho

Nā te rerekē rawa atu o te āhua o te hōiho ki a rātou, ka tapaina e te Māori te hōiho he taniwha, he tipua. Ki ētahi, he rite te āhua o te hōiho ki te kurī – e whā ngā waewae. Whāia, ka utaina tērā ingoa ki te hōiho. Nāwai, ka puea te kupu ‘hōiho’ hei kupu hōrapa mō tēnei kararehe, i tīkina i te kupu ‘horse’ a te Pākehā.

Ngā poropiti

E rua ngā hōiho a te poropiti rā a Te Kooti Arikirangi, he mea mā, he mea pango. Whakapono ai a Te Kooti he tipua ngā hōiho nei. Ko te whakapae, ka riro i a Rua Kēnana te hōiho mā o Te Kooti.

Ngā iwi me te hōiho

  • He pānga tō Ngāti Tūwharetoa ki ngā hōiho kōwao o Kaimanawa i te puku o Te Ika-a-Māui; ka titiro te iwi ki ēnei hōiho anō he kaitiaki, he taonga.
  • Kei te tai rāwhiti o Te Ika-a-Māui, kei te rohe o Ngāti Porou, te hōiho kīia ai he Nāti. Tāpae atu, he ingoa a Nāti mō te iwi tonu o Ngāti Porou.

Te hōiho ki tuawhenua

Mō ngā Māori i te tuawhenua, ka matika te hōiho hei wahanga mō te tangata me āna taputapu, taonga hoki. He nui te whakamahi i te hōiho ki ngā pāmu. Tatū ki ēnei rā, kei te whakamahia tonutia te hōiho hei haere ki te kura, ki te tāone hoki.

Te rēihi hōiho

Ka kuhu te Māori ki ngā rēihi hōiho a te Pākehā me ngā omanga nā te Māori anake. Whāia, ka tū ētahi karapu rēihi hōiho Māori. Tērā te karapu rēihi hōiho Māori o Ōtaki, i whakatūria ai i te tau 1886, e haere tonu nei i te tau 2008.

Me pēnei te tohu i te whārangi:

Basil Keane, 'Te hōiho me te iwi', Te Ara - the Encyclopedia of New Zealand, http://www.TeAra.govt.nz/mi/te-hoiho-me-te-iwi (accessed 19 March 2024)

He kōrero nā Basil Keane, i tāngia i te 24 o Noema 2008, updated 1 o Hūrae 2015