Kōrero: Ngā ariā mō te pūtakenga mai o te Māori

Hei uri te Māori nō te Kariki me te iwi o Īhipa? He iwi ngaro rātou nō ngā Iwi Korara o Iharaira – ko Īnia tō rātou kāinga taketake ake? I tae mai rātou i roto i te tāruru waka nui? Mai anō i ngā tūtakitanga tōmua ki te Māori, kua mīharo ngā pūkenga o te ao Pākehā ki te takenga mai o te tangata whenua o Aotearoa. He nui nga ariā i puta ake – ko te nuinga he pōhēhē noa iho, he hē rānei.  I huraina i ngā rangahau pūtaiao o nanahi tata nei ngā taunaki hōu e pā anō ai ki te ahunga mai o te Māori i Te Moananui-a-Kiwa.

He kōrero nā K. R. Howe
Te āhua nui: Ko ngā whakaahuatanga a Charles Goldie rāua ko Louis J. Steele i te tau 1898. He pōhewa mō te taenga mai o Ngāi Māori ki Aotearoa

He korero whakarapopoto

Ngā whakaahua me ngā rauemi katoa o tēnei kōrero

Ngā ariā o mua

I te taenga o te Pākehā ki Aotearoa, ka wānanga rātou mō te takenga mai o te Māori. I kite a Kāpene Kuki, he rite ngā reo me ngā tikanga kei ngā moutere o te pito rāwhiti o Te Moananui-a-Kiwa ki ō te Māori. I whakapono a ia i heke mai rātou i ngā moutere o te tonga mā-rāwhiti o Āhia. E whakaaehia ana i ēnei rā, he iwi te Māori i ahu mai i te takiwā o Taiwana.

E ai ki ētahi o ngā manuhiri tōmua e ako haere ana i ngā taonga pēnei i te hutukawa me te whakairo, he Kirihi, he Ihipana pea ngā tīpuna o te Māori. Ko tētahi tohungatā he mea tā i te Māori pēnei i te toa Rōmana. I whakapae ngā mihingare Karaitiana, he Hūrae ngā tīpuna o te Māori, nō ngā iwi korara o Iharaira. Anō nei te haere ki Aotearoa, te hoki kōmuri i te au o te wā.

Te ariā Aryan

I te tekau tau 1850, i kite ngā pūkenga, i ahu mai te nuinga o ngā reo o Ūropi i te reo Sanskrit, arā, te reo taketake ake o Īnia. E whakapono tonu ana ētahi he kāwai kotahi tō te Pākehā me te Īniana, nō te kāwai Aryan, Caucasian rānei. I whakapae hoki ētahi kaimātai momo tangata pērā i a Edward Tregear i ahu anō mai te Māori i Īnia. I kite a ia i ngā tauriterite i waenganui i ngā kupu me ngā tohu a te Māori ki te Sanskrit.

Te pūrākau mō te Tāruru Nui

He maha ngā kōrero rerekē i puta i ngā pūkenga e pā ana ki te taenga mai o te Māori ki Aotearoa mai i Te Moananui-a-Kiwa. Heoi nā tōna whakarongo ki ngā kōrero tuku iho a te Māori ka puta te whakapae a Te Mete (S. Percy Smith), i heke tahi mai rātou i roto i tētahi ‘Tāruru Nui’ i te takiwā o te tau 1350 AD. E whitu ngā waka nei. E ai ki a Te Mete, kātahi rātou ka patupatu i te Moriori, he iwi mohoao nō Meranīhia e noho ana ki Aotearoa. Mō ngā tau e 60 ka whai iho, whakaae ana te katoa ki ngā kōrero a Te Mete. I whai hiranga te kōrero nei nā te whakapae, ā tōna wā, ka tū, ka mana te raupatu a te iwi Pākehā.

He māramatanga hōu

Atu i te tekau tau 1920, ka kite ngā kaimātai pūtaiao, pērā ki te Māori, he uri te Moriori o Wharekauri nō ngā iwi taketake o Te Moananui-a-Kiwa. Nō muri i te tau 1300 AD, i te takiwā o te tau 1500 pea ka maunu atu te Moriori i Aotearoa ki Wharekauri.

I te tekau tau atu i 1960 ka kitea ngā hapa i ngā mahi rangahau a Te Mete mō te ariā o te Heke Nui. Ko ētahi o ngā taunaki pūtaiao o ēnei rā, ko te tātari pītau ira me te radiocarbon dating ki ngā wāhi whaipara tangata. I ēnei rā e whakapono ana te nuinga he rerekē ngā wā i taetae mai ai te Māori i ngā tōpito maha o te taha rāwhiti o Te Moananui-a-Kiwa, i ngā tau whakamutunga o te rau tau 1200.

Me pēnei te tohu i te whārangi:

K. R. Howe, 'Ngā ariā mō te pūtakenga mai o te Māori', Te Ara - the Encyclopedia of New Zealand, http://www.TeAra.govt.nz/mi/nga-aria-mo-te-putakenga-mai-o-te-maori (accessed 30 March 2024)

He kōrero nā K. R. Howe, i tāngia i te 8 o Pēpuere 2005