Kōrero: Whakairo

Whārangi 8. Ngā whakairo i te rautau 2000

Ngā whakaahua me ngā rauemi katoa o tēnei kōrero

Ngā marae tāone

I te rautau 2000 e waihanga tonutia ana ngā whare whakairo hei tohu whai mana o te tuakiri Māori. Ko te nuinga he marae taone nō ngā iwi Māori maha (pērā i a Ngā Hau e Whā ki Ōtautahi), he marae rānei mō ngā iwi o te ao (pērā i te marae o Kirikiriroa ki Kirikiriroa tonu). He tokomaha ka waihangatia ki ngā whare wānanga me ngā kura. Ka mau tonu i ēnei whare ngā tauira i heke mai i ngā whare pērā i a Nuku-te-apiapi e tū mai rā i Whakarewarewa, arā, he ariā mārama, ehara i te whakairo muna, heoi anō, hohoro tonu te kite atu i ngā tīpuna i ngā tohu kei runga, me te tūnga i roto i te whare.

Ko Ngākau Māhaki

Ko Ngākau Māhaki te wharenui i Te Wānanga o Wairaka i whakairotia e Lyonel Grant. E ono tau ka oti te whare, i maiangi ake i ngā mahi auaha a Para Matchitt, me Cliff Whiting mā. Kei ngā poupou ka kitea te mahinga tūpono noa e oho ai te wairua. Ko te manaia mai i te tekau hēneti te tohu i whakamahia e Grant mō te iwi noho tāone. Ka mutu kei ngā maihi e tāia ana ngā tohu manomano o te 1 me te 0. He mahi ohaoha tēnei ki a Io-matua-kore, otirā he tohu anō mō te waehere takirua (he waehere rorohiko ka whakamahuki i te oranga katoa).

Ngā kaiwhakairo o Whitireia

Ko Whitireia te whare whakairo i Whāngārā, arā te wāhi o te kiriata Whale rider. Nō te whakahoutanga o te whare ka kuhu atu ngā tauira o Toihoukura ki te tango i ngā maihi me ngā amo. I reira ka huraina ngā ingoa o ngā kaiwhakairo, e 70 tau i muri mai. 

Ngā pia a Pine Taiapa 

Ko te kaiako o Grant, ko Hōne Taiapa. Ko tōna tuakana a Pine te waha kōrero o te whānau mō ngā whakapapa, mō ngā whaikōrero me ngā kōrero tuku iho. Ko āna tauira ko Cliff Whiting rāua ko Para Matchitt (ngā whakairo hou) me te tohunga whakairo a Pākāriki Harrison (whakairo tawhito).

Ko Pakariki Harrison

I a ia i te whare takiura ka tūtaki a Harrison ki tōna whakaruruhau ki a Pine Taiapa. I ia pō, i ia pō mō te toru marama, ka whangaia ia e Taiapa ki ngā karakia e pā ana ki te whakairo me te whakapapa. He maha tonu ngā whare nā Harrison i mahi ki waenganui i ngā hapū me ngā marae tāone. Nāna i whakatauākī mō ngā wharenui, arā, ‘te whakapiringa o te tangata, te whakairinga o te kupu’.

Te Uepū o Te Mana Tohu Mātauranga o Aotearoa

I te tau 1995 ka huia mai e Harrison ngā tohunga whakairo o Aotearoa hei whakaruruhau ki te whakatakoto i ngā paerewa mō Te Mana Tohu Mātauranga o Aotearoa – i panoni ai te whakairo hei whāinga mātauranga.

Te tohu whakairo tuatahi

Nā Harrison rāua ko Kereti Rautangata (he tauira nā Harrison) i whakahaere te tohu whakairo tuatahi ki Maunga Kura Toi, ki Te Wānanga o Aotearoa, i te tau 2002. Atu i te mahi whakairo, me taunga anō ngā pia ki ngā kawa me ngā karakia e pā ana ki te whakairo. I te tau 2013 ko Te Wānanga o Aotearoa, ko Te Wānanga o Raukawa me Te Puia ngā whare i whakamanaia e Te Mana Tohu Mātauranga o Aotearoa ki te kawe i te tohu whakairo.

Te oranga tonutanga o te whakairo tawhito

I whanake tonu te whakairo tawhito i roto i te rautau 2000. Ākene pea nā te noho a te Māori ki ngā taone i whakamāui ake ai te whakairo, arā, e 80 ōrau o te Māori kei ngā taone e noho ana. Waihoki ki te tā moko, ka noho ko ngā whare whakairo, ngā waka taua me ngā toi whakairo hei tohu wehi, hei mātaki mā ngā uri ki tō rātou ahurea ao Māori.

Me pēnei te tohu i te whārangi:

Brett Graham, 'Whakairo - Ngā whakairo i te rautau 2000', Te Ara - the Encyclopedia of New Zealand, http://www.TeAra.govt.nz/mi/whakairo/page-8 (accessed 25 April 2024)

He kōrero nā Brett Graham, i tāngia i te 22 Oct 2014