Kōrero: Te tango whenua

Whārangi 7. Ngā raruraru i te Kōti Whenua Māori

Ngā whakaahua me ngā rauemi katoa o tēnei kōrero

Kāore i pai ki ētahi tumu kōrero ngā mahi a te Kōti Whenua Māori me te pānga o ngā ture whenua Māori. Tuatahi ake, he māmā noa te hoko atu i te whenua, me te aha, ka wawe te ngaro o ngā whenua Māori, ka rongo te iwi i ngā whiu o te rawakore. Tuarua, he nui rawa atu ngā utu ki te Māori ka haere ki mua i te aroaro o te kōti. Tuatoru, ka kino te pānga o te taitara takitahi ki te noho me te āhua o te iwi Māori.

He hātepe utu nui

He hātepe utu nui te Kōti Whenua Māori mō te Māori. He nui ngā utu mō ngā rūri whenua me ngā utu kōti, ā, he nui hoki te utu mō te kai, mō ngā haerenga ki ngā kōti kei ngā tāone (pērā i a Kemureti, i a Heretaunga, i a Marton). Ka kōrero te rangatira nui o Tūranganui, a Wī Pere:

Ka nui rawa atu te taumahatanga kei runga i ngā Māori. Ka rongo au i ngā aurere a ngā Māori ka mate te haere ki ngā tāone pāmamao kei reira te Kōti Whenua Māori e noho ana. Tērā te nohoanga a te Kōti Whenua Māori i Kemureti, ka mate ngā Māori te haere atu i Taupō, i Rotorua me ngā wāhi tawhiti. Nā te nui o ngā whakapaunga, ka pau te whenua te utu i ēnei nama. Tērā tētahi kamupene ka hoko taputapu, kai ki ētahi Māori, ka pau ō rātou whenua te hoko hei whakaea i ngā nama. Kīhai he paku aha ka mahue ki ngā Māori.1

He nui rawa atu ngā utu mō te hātepe nei. Kāore he aha te kainga o te e 20–25% o te uara o tētahi poraka whenua i ngā utu rūri. Hei ētahi wā i whakarerekēhia te ture kia taea ai e te kōti te mahi i āna mahi me tētahi mahere hukihuki, kāpā tētahi mahere kua āta rūritia. Heoi, tērā he mate ka tipu i tēnei huarahi (hei tauira – tērā kei te hē te ine i te korahi o te poraka).

Te taenga atu o te iwi

Me mātua tae te hunga whai pānga ki tētahi poraka whenua ki ngā nohoanga o te kōti. E ai ki te ture, me whakapā wawe ki te hunga whai pānga hei mua noa atu i ngā nohoanga, heoi, hei ētahi wā kīhai ngā Māori i te mōhio kei te kōtitia ngā whenua he pānga ō rātou. Heoi anō, hei ngā wā kāore ētahi tāngata e wātea kia tae atu, hei ngā wā rānei kei te whakataka ki te kēhi, kei te ngaki kai rānei i te māra, ka hikitia te noho a te kōti.

He rākau nā te kāwanatanga?

Ko te whakapae, he ringa noa te Kōti Whenua Māori nā te kāwanatanga, kīhai i te motuhake te tū. Hāunga tērā, he nui ngā pakanga ngā āpiha a te kāwanatanga ki ngā āpiha a te kōti. Hei tauira, ka puta te whakahau a te kāwanatanga me kaua te kōti e whakawā i ngā whenua kua raupatutia. Hauware ake, ka rangona tonutia aua take e te kōti. Me hanga rā anō i tētahi ture hei aukati i te kōti i Tauranga. I tohetohe anō te Kōti Whenua Māori ki te kāwanatanga i te rohe o Tūranganui. I pūmau a Kaiwhakawā Matua Fenton kia motuhake te tū a te kōti.

Kupu tāpiri
  1. ‘Evidence given by Wī Pere to the Royal Commission on Native Lands and Native Land Tenure.’ Appendices to the Journals of the House of Representatives, 1891, G-1, p. 9. › Back
Me pēnei te tohu i te whārangi:

Richard Boast, 'Te tango whenua - Ngā raruraru i te Kōti Whenua Māori', Te Ara - the Encyclopedia of New Zealand, http://www.TeAra.govt.nz/mi/te-tango-whenua/page-7 (accessed 25 April 2024)

He kōrero nā Richard Boast, i tāngia i te 24 Nov 2008, updated 1 Jul 2015