Kōrero: Ngā tari Māori

Whārangi 3. Te mātauranga Māori ki Te Whare Wānanga o Tāmaki-makaurau

Ngā whakaahua me ngā rauemi katoa o tēnei kōrero

Maharaia Winiata

Nō te hekenga ki ngā taone, ka noho manene te iwi, ka taka te rangatahi ki te hē. Ko tēnei te tīmatahanga o te whai wāhi o te mātauranga Māori ki roto ki ngā whare wānanga. I te tau 1946 ka tūtohu tētahi komiti iti mātauranga Māori i te Kaunihera Mātauranga Wānanga o Tāmaki-makaurau kia tohua he kaiako Māori ki ngā toi, whakairo, reo me ngā hītori ki te hunga noho taone. Kāti ko Maharaia Winiata te kaiako Māori tuatahi, i tohua i te tau 1949. 

Matiu Te Hau

Ka pūtiki herenui a Winiata i te kaupapa i ōna hononga ki ngā iwi o Waikato me Te Moana-a-Toitehuatahi, ara, te whaitua tonga o te rohe o te Whare Wānanga o Tāmaki-makaurau. Nā te hiakai a te marea ki ngā ako, ka tohua ko Matiu Te Hau hei kaiako ki te pito whakararo.

Te urupare i ngā hiahia a te hapori

Ka whāngai atu a Te Hau rāua ko Winiata i te ngene o te tāmure ki ngā hapori, ā, waihangatia mai ana ngā akomanga reo, ahurea, hauora, mātauranga, whanake whenua Māori hoki. Ka whakatū anō te wānanga mō ngā toi raranga me ngā toi whakairo Māori. Ko ēnei akoranga katoa ka hoki ki ngā kaupapa tapitapi whare a ngā iwi. 

Te Hui Rangatira Māori

Ko tētahi o ngā kaupapa nui i turukitia e Hau rāua ko Winiata ko te hukenga ake o te Hui Rangatahi Māori i tū ki Te Whare Wānanga o Tāmaki-makaurau i te tau 1959. Ka rauika ake ngā māngai o ngā kāinga Māori puta noa i te pito whakararo o Te Ika-a-Māui. Ko ngā kaupapa o te hui, ko te reo Māori, ko te mātauranga, ko te hauora, ko te whai whare me te whakawhanake whenua.

Ētahi atu hui

Nō taua hui ka rangarangaihi te koronga kia whakahaungia atu rā ki ngā papakāinga Māori. I muri mai ka tū ngā hui ki Kaitāia, ki Ngāruawāhia, ki Whakatāne, me Tūranganui-a-Kiwa i te tau 1960, ki Tauranga, ki Taupō, ki Rotorua me Wairoa i te tau 1961. I ēnei hui tū ai ngā akoako whare wānanga e pā ana ki te ture, te mātai momo tangata, te mātauranga Māori, te mātauranga pakeke. Nā tō rātou kanohi kite aka piki ake te mana o te whare wānanga. 

Te kōrero roa me te kōrero poto

Ko Bruce Biggs te pouako reo Māori tuatahi. Ahakoa he Māori ia, ko tōna reo tuarua tēnā. He kaitaunaki ia i te whakamahinga o ngā oro puare takirua (pērā i a ngaati) tēnā i te whakamahi tohutō (pērā i te ngāti). Nāwai kāore i tōminatia e te hunga reo Māori tēnei tikanga, ā, ka whakaturehia e Te Taura Whiri i te Reo Māori te tohutō. 

Bruce Biggs

I te tau 1951 ka tohua e te tumuaki o te Tari Mātai Tikanga Tangata e Ahorangi Ralph Piddington, a Bruce Biggs hei pouako reo Māori. E ai ki te pouako Wīwī ehara te reo Māori i te reo karahipi nā te mea he ngutungutu noa te reo Māori. Hei urupare i tēnei kōrero ka tīkina atu e Biggs ngā tauira o Ngā mōteateaNga mahi a ngā tupuna, Te Paipera Tapu me te huhua noa atu pērā i Te haerenga o te manene, te whakamāoritanga o The pilgrim’s progress.

Nā Ahorangi Piddington te mōtini kia ākona te reo Māori ki te Tari Mātai Tikanga Tangata. Ko te whakaaro ka hāngai pū tonu te reo tangata whenua ki te mātauranga tikanga tangata. Nō te whakamanatanga o te mōtini kātahi anō ka whai kiko te whakataunga a te te kāhui hanga ture i te tau 1929 kia uru te mātauranga Māori hei kaupapa mō te tohu paetahi. I te tau 1991 ka hanga te Whare Wānanga o Tāmaki-makaurau ka tū te tari motuhake mō te mātauranga Māori. 

Te Tohu Paetahi reo Māori

Mai ka tīmata te kura Māori o Te Whare Wānanga o Tāmaki-makaurau ko te reo Māori te umanga nui. Iwhai take ngā akoako o te hōtaka i ngā mātauranga i kohia e Biggs i tana tohu ahorangi ki te Whare Wānanga o Indiana i te tau 1957. I tino hāngai pū tōna puka ako reo Māori a Let’s learn Maori mā te tangata kīhai i pakeke mai i te reo Māori. 

Ngā tāpiritanga ki te mātauranga ahurea Māori

Nō te urunga o te reo Māori ki te whare wānanga ka paraia te huarahi mō te ahurea Māori. Ko ētahi kaupapa o te mātauranga Māori ko te kawa o te marae, ko te whaikōrero, ko te waiata, ko ngā pūrākau, ko ngā kōrero ā-iwi, ko te ahurea, ko te toi whakairo, ko te mahi tukutuku, mahi raranga hoki.

Nāwai ka whakawhānui atu ki ngā take mohoa pērā i ngāmahi tōrangapū, te urupare ki te whakataiwhenuatanga, te whakahaere rawa a te Māori, ngā mātauranga taketake, te Tiriti o Waitangi me te whakataunga o ngā kokoraho whenua ki te Karauna. 

Me pēnei te tohu i te whārangi:

Ranginui Walker, 'Ngā tari Māori - Te mātauranga Māori ki Te Whare Wānanga o Tāmaki-makaurau', Te Ara - the Encyclopedia of New Zealand, http://www.TeAra.govt.nz/mi/nga-tari-maori/page-3 (accessed 29 March 2024)

He kōrero nā Ranginui Walker, i tāngia i te 22 Oct 2014