Kōrero: Ngā heke i te Wai Nui

Whārangi 7. Ngā tīpuna Māori

Ngā whakaahua me ngā rauemi katoa o tēnei kōrero

He kāinga mō te Māori

I te wā i nōhia a Aotearoa, tērā tētahi pūnaha tauhokohoko, tūhura i te tū ki Poronihia ki te rāwhiti. He whakawhitiwhiti kōrero, tikanga ētahi o ngā kaupapa. E tohu ana ngā taunakitanga katoa – ngā taonga i mahue mai, ngā hononga i waenganui i ngā reo, ngā mātauranga koiora, ngā tāhū kōrero – ki te mea ko Poronihia ki te rāwhiti te kāinga tūturu o te Māori. Ko ngā moutere o tēnei takiwā ko Ngā Moutere Society, he wāhanga o ngā moutere e kīia ai ko French Polynesia, ko ngā moutere whakatetonga o ngā Kuki Airani, ko ngā moutere o Austral, he wāhanga anō o French Polynesia.

Iti noa ngā taunakitanga mātai whaipara tangata. I kitea ki Tairua i Moehau (Coromandel) tētahi kauawhi i mahia mai i te anga o tētahi momo peara (pearl) i heria mai i Poronihia; koinei tētahi o ngā taputapu ruarua kua kitea i tētahi ketunga mātai whaipara tangata i Aotearoa.

Ehara i te mea i puta te Māori i te kāinga kotahi. E tohu ana ngā taunakitanga DNA o te kiore ki te mea he whakapapa tō te kiore ki Ngā Moutere o Society me Kuki Airani. He tohu tēnei ki te mea i haere mai ngā waka i ngā wāhi maha. Tērā i heke rātou ki Aotearoa i roto i ngā whakatipuranga, i roto i ngā rau tau. E ai ki ngā rangahautanga mō te DNA o te tangata, kāore i raro iho i te e 70–100 ngā tīpuna wāhine taketake. Nā reira, ehara i te mea i heke rātou i te waka kotahi, i haere mai rānei rātou i te wāhi kotahi.

Ngā hokinga

I te wā e hokihoki ana ngā waka ki Poronihia, i nōhia ngā moutere o Kermadec me Norfolk, he wāhi peka ēnei mō rātou. He taunakitanga anō e kī ana i kaha te haerea o te ara moana i waenganui i a Norfolk me Aotearoa. Heoi, ka taka ki te wā, ka kore te hokihoki ki Poronihia, ka mahue, ka motuhake ngā moutere nei. Ka noho ēnei moutere pēnei i a Kermadec, i a Norfolk hei moutere rerekē, i te mea ina tae te Pākehā ki aua moutere, ka kite rātou i ngā tohu i noho te tangata ki ērā moutere, engari kāore he tangata. I te korenga o tā rātou hokihoki ki ō rātou kāinga tūturu, ka motu te hononga a ngā tīpuna Māori ki te ao whānui.

He whenua hātai

I te taenga o ngā tīpuna o te Māori ki Aotearoa, ka kite rātou i tētahi huinga moutere whānui, mātao, e tipuria ana e te rākau, e ora ana te manu. Inā ngā momo moa (te taumaha atu i 20 kg ki te e 250 kg), ngā manu kua kore e kitea i ēnei rā, pēnei i te pouwa (swan), tētahi momo kuihi (goose), te ēkara Haast (Haast eagle) – tērā tonu pea ko te tino kai a tēnei manu ko te moa. He tino maha ngā whakangote (mammal) o te moana i te taunga o te Māori ki Aotearoa, ko te kēkeno tonu tētahi. Mātotoru te ika me te mātaitai.

Nā ngā tīpuna o te Māori te kurī me te kiore i mau ki Aotearoa. Mēnā i heria maitia te poaka me te heihei i runga i ngā waka, kāore i ora. I kawe mai anō e rātou te taro, te uwhikāho (yam), te aute me te tī kouka. I tae te kūmara me te hue ki Aotearoa mai i Amerika ki te Tonga mā Poronihia ki te Rāwhiti. Makariri rawa a Aotearoa, e kore e tipu te kōkōnati, te kuru (breadfruit), te panana.

Me pēnei te tohu i te whārangi:

Geoff Irwin, 'Ngā heke i te Wai Nui - Ngā tīpuna Māori', Te Ara - the Encyclopedia of New Zealand, http://www.TeAra.govt.nz/mi/nga-heke-i-te-wai-nui/page-7 (accessed 19 April 2024)

He kōrero nā Geoff Irwin, i tāngia i te 8 Feb 2005, reviewed & revised 8 Feb 2017