Mai i ngā tau tōmuri o 1980, i tipu te taraipiunara hei hinonga hiranga i Aotearoa, me te aha, ka tipu hoki te whakatātare a te marea me te nui hoki o ngā mahi.
Ture Tiriti o Waitangi (Hinonga Kāwanatanga)
Hei urupare i te Ture Hinonga Kāwanatanga 1986, ka whakawhānuihia ngā mana me ngā rauemi a te taraipiunara. Ka toko ake i taua ture te huatau kia kaua pea ngā whenua Karauna kua whakatahangia hei kerēme tiriti e mahue i ngā ringa o te Karauna, me te aha ko aua whenua tē taea te whakatewhatewha hei kerēme tiriti.
I te tau 1987 ka kawe te Kaunihera Māori i te kēhi ki te Kōti Pīra, ki te tohe i te ture nei. Ko te whakataunga tohu nui i puta, ā tōna wā mōhiotia whānuitia ai ki te kēhi Whenua, ko te whakataunga kia tautokona ngā taunakitanga a te kaunihera. Nā tērā i mirahia taua pānga tiriti, hei hononga mahi tahi, i hua hoki mai ētahi mātāpono hei whakaaroaro mā te kāwanatanga, i mua i tana tuku i ngā rawa ki ngā hinonga kāwanatanga. Ka noho tēnei whakataunga hei tūāpapa whakamōhio i ngā whakawākanga, i ngā ngā whakakitenga hoki a te taraipiunara o Waitangi.
Ko te hua ko te Ture Tiriti o Waitangi (Hinonga Kāwanatanga) 1988. Nō raro i tēnei ture ka āhei te taraipiunara te tuku tūtohu ki te kāwanatanga kia whitikina ngā rawa hinonga kāwanatanga ka taka ki roto ki tētahi whakataunga kerēme ā-iwi. I te ture nei, i hua hoki mai ai he tūranga tumuaki, ko te tuatahi ko Wira Gardiner (Ngāti Awa, Ngāti Pikiao, Whakatōhea and Te Whānau-ā-Apanui). Ko tēnei te wā ka tino mōhiotia ai te taraipiunara ki Aotearoa.
Ngā tao kupu ki te taraipiunara
Nā te rongonuitanga o te taraipiunara ka tīmata ngā mahi tātā mōna. Ko tā ētahi me waiho ngā nawe o mua ki reira nehua ai. Ko tā ētahi he mea whakapōrerea aua nawe i ngā take whai hiranga ki te Māori. Hei tā te māngai Māori o Nahinara, a Winston Peters (Ngāti Wai), me whakawhāitihia te taraipiunara hei nohanga rangahau, ā, ko ōna haepapa he rīpoata ki te kāwana mō ngā meka hītori. I whakatūpato hoki a Peters, i te tipu haere o ngā mana a te taraipiunara ki taumata i tua atu i te āheinga o te ture kāwanatanga. I ngā tōmuri tau o ngā tekau tau 1980, e hia kē ngā tao kupu mā te waea ki a Kaiwhakawā Eddie Durie (Rangitāne, Ngāti Kauwhata, Ngāti Raukawa), heamana o te taraipiunara.
Nā te huhua o ēnei momo tūkinotanga, ka hunaia tōna nama waea. I pupū ake ētahi take whakararu ki ngā kaikerēme Māori nā te takaroa o te pūnaha ki te whakatau i ngā kerēme, ka mutu ina tirohia aua kerēme ko ngā kaikerēme noa iho me ērā i whai wāhi atu ngā mea ka whai hua, hāunga ērā atu iwi, hapū rānei o aua rohe whaipānga. He mea auau te whakatōtara wāhi rua i ngā iwi, hapū, rōpū rānei, ka riro ko te mauāriri, te whakawehe rānei i waenga i ngā rōpū kaikerēme.
Kōpaki pūtea
Ko te mahara a te hunga tātā ko te nui o te utu o ngā whakataunga tiriti. Ka mahara ētahi kei whati ngā ohaoha o te motu. Ko 1994 te tau ka whakaputaina te ‘kōpaki pūtea’ e te kāwanatanga. Ko tā te kōpaki nei, he whakatau i ngā kerēme, me te kore whakawhiti rawa taiao kāwanatangā, whenua atawhai rānei, ā ,kia kaua hoki e neke atu i te $1 piriona te wāriu o ngā kerēme katoa, nō mua, anamata rānei. I kaha whakahēngia te kōpaki pūtea e ngāi Māori puta noa, nā runga i te kore whakawhiti kōrero, te whai tika rānei i te ture. Ka whakarerea te kōpaki ki rāhaki.
Te heipū o ngā kokoraho
Nō te tau 1993 inā te mātinitini o ngā kērēme e tāria ana te whakarongo. Ka whakaae anō ōna kaitaunaki kei te mahue mai te taraipiunara ki muri. Hei whakautu ki tēnei raru ka hautū te taraipiunara i te tūmahi o Rangahaua Whānui; hei whakatere i ngā mahi rangahau. Ko te ia o tēnei kaupapa he raupapa pūrongo whānui e pā ana ki ngā nawe tiriti o ia rohe. Kīhai i tutuki tāna i manako ai, ā, ka taumaha tonu ngā mahi a te taraipiunara. I te tau 1995 ka makere mai te kaiwhakahaere tuatahi a Buddy Mikaere i tōna tūnga, me tāna amuamu kāre he paku aha mōna me tana uepū.
Ngā uiuinga ā-rohe
I te tau 1996 ko te whakarewanga o te pūnaha hōu mō ngā rongo kerēme. Ka mutu ko te whakatōpūtanga tērā o ngā kōrero o tēnā rohe o tēnā rohe, ki te puka kēhi. I muri ka whakarongo te taraipiunara i ngā kerēme tōpū, me te whakahau i ōna kitenga ki tētahi pūrongo whānui. Ko te rohe o Mōhaka ki Ahuriri te tuatahi o ēnei rohe kia tirohia e te taraipiunara.
Kanohi ki te kanohi
Kāore i te taraipiunara te haepapa ki te whakatau i ngā kerēme ki waenga i te Māori me te Karauna, ka āhei noa te tirotiro mehemea e whaitake ana ngā kerēme. Kia koke whakamua ai ngā kerēme, i te tau 1989 ka whakatū te kāwanatanga i te rōpū whai kaupapa i roto i te Manatū Ture hei whakatewhatewha i ngā take whakataunga tiriti.
Ā, i te tau 1995 ka mōhiotia tēnei rōpū ko Te Arawhiti, te tari Whiriwhiri i ngā Take Tiriti o Waitangi (OTS). Ka mutu kei tēnei rōpū te mana ki te whiriwhiri whakataunga me te kore whai i tētahi pūrongo a te Rōpū Whakamana i te Tiriti o Waitangi.
Ngā kerēme me ngā rīpoata tohu nui
Te Hī Ika ki Muriwhenua (1988): Ko te kerēme o Muriwhenua tērā i pā anō ki ōna mana hī ika. I mua i tōna rongonga e te taraipiunara, ka tīmata te Tari Ahuwhenua me te Hao Ika ki te tītari i ngā mana hao ika. Ko te tūnga ohorere tērā o te rongo taraipiunara i kitea ai he takahi tēnei i ngā mātāpono o te tiriti me te aha, kia whitiwhiti kōrero te Karauna ki ngā iwi o Muriwhenua i mua i te tuku tuku i ngā rahinga ika. Ka puta te whakataunga a te Kōti Matua kia mutu te wāhi i ngā rahinga ika huri noa i te motu.
Ngāi Tahu (1991): Ko te kēreme tiriti o Ngāi Tahu tērā i pā ki ngā tāpaetanga whenua i tū ki waenga i te tau 1844 me te 1864; he mahi i riro ai te nuinga o ngā whenua i Te Waipounamu i te Pākehā. I te tau 1991 ka puta ngā kitenga a te taraipiunara me tētahi tūtohunga utu moni nui. Kāti, i te tau 1998 ka whakaae a Ngāi Tahu ki te whakataunga tiriti 170 miriona te wāriu ki ōna mana pupuri i te pounamu, ngā mana ki ōna tūtanga whenua nui; ngā mana whakahaere i ngā wāhi taiao o tōna rohe; me te whakahokinga o ētahi ingoa wāhi ake.
Te Whakataunga Hī Ika (1992): Nā te pūrongo taraipiunara nei i te tau 1992 – e mōhiotia ana ki te ‘Kēhi Sealord’ – ka puta te whakataunga kia tukuna te 20 ōrau o ngā mana hao ika ahumoni, te 50% o te kamupene hī ika a Sealord Fisheries, me ētahi atu hea o ngā kamupene hī ika, ka mutu he $18 miriona tāra hoki. Koinei te whakataunga tuatahi i whai pānga ki ngā iwi katoa.
Taranaki (1996): Kei te rīpoata nei ngā whakamahuki hītori mō ngā kerēme a ngā Māori o Taranaki, ā, e whakamārama ana i ngā whenua i raupatuhia. Koinei te tuatahi ki te āta tirotiro ki ngā raupatu i muri mai i ngā pakanga o Aotearoa. Ko te whakatau tata a te tarapiunara, i tōna 2 miriona eka i raupatuhia. I whakatewhatewhahia hoki ngā takapiringa o Parihaka, nā ko taua urutomo, taeatanga tētahi o ngā tūkinotanga weriweri rawa atu a te kāwanatanga, huri te ao, i tērā rautau. He rīpoata whai hiringa nā ōna kitenga ki te kaupapa mana motuhake o ngā iwi taketake, ka mutu ko tā taraipiunara mō te tōnuitanga o Parihaka, koia rā te taunakitanga he mea whai hua te tino rangatiratanga a te Māori, mō te Māori, me te motu katoa.
Te Awa o Whanganui (1999): Ko ngā kitenga o te rīpoata nei nā Te Ātihaunui-a-Pāpārangi te mana motuhake o te awa me ōna kautawa, mō ngā tau e hia rau kē nei te roa, me te mea anō, kāore i whakarerea e rātou ngā motika tiriti ki te awa. Ko te whakatau a te rīpoata kia whakaturengia te mana motuhake me ngā motika mana whakahaere a Te Ātihaunui-a-Pāpārangi ki te awa. I te tau 2017 i whakaheia kia whakatangatatia te awa i raro i te ture. Me te aha ka whakaritea hoki kia pēnei mō Te Urewera mō Taranaki maunga hoki, hei apitihanga ki te puretumu mō ngā takahitanga tiriti.