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Kōrero: Temuera, Pāora

Whārangi 1: Haurongo

Temuera, Pāora

1886/1887?–1957

Nō Ngāti Whakaue; he minita Mihingare

I tuhia tēnei haurongo e Angela Ballara, ā, i tāngia tuatahitia ki Ngā Tāngata Taumata Rau i te 1998. He mea whakamāori nā Ngā Tangata Taumata Rau.

Nō te tau 1886, 1887 rānei i whānau ai a Pāora Temuera ki Ōhinemutu, ki te takiwā ki Rotorua, arā anō nei ōna īngoa ko Pāora Ngātapu Temuera, ko Pāora Temuera Tokoaituā, ko Pāora Tokoaituā rānei. Ko te mātāmua ia a Temuera Tokoaituā rāua ko tana wahine tuatahi, ko Tuihana Pāora. I whakatipua mai a Pāora i Rangitīkei me Ōtaki i te wā e minita ana a Temuera Tokoaituā i te whare karakia o Rangiātea; i kawekawe kahatia ia e te whakapono me te āhuatanga o tōna pāpā. Mō te taha ki tana taina, ki a Te Wētini, nō te tau 1919 i mate ai tērā.

I mutu mai i te paerua tuarua te kura a Pāora i te tau 1909, ēngari nā tētehi takoha, £20 te nui, i āwhina tana haere ki te Kāreti o Te Rau Kahikatea (Te Rau Theological College), koinei anō te kāreti i haere ai tōna pāpā. Nō te tau 1913 i whakawahia a ia hei rīkona, whakataua ake hoki hei pirihi i te 16 o Tīhema o te tau 1916. Tonoa ana ia ki tana tūranga tuatahi, ki Whanganui hei pirihi kaiāwhina mō A. O. Wiremu (Williams). Nō te 8 o Hānuere i te tau 1915 i moea e ia a Kuini Rangipūpū Wikiriwhi i Ōhinemutu, i te whare mīhana Māori i reira. I te kura mīhana i Pūtiki a Kuini e whakaako ana, arā, nō Rotorua tonu hoki ia. He tamaiti kotahi noa nei tā rāua, he tamāhine.

I Maehe o te tau 1917 ka whakarērea iho nei a Whanganui e Temuera, ka haere atu ia ki te pīhopatanga o Waiapu. Mai i te tau 1918 ki 1921 tana roa e minita ana i Rūātoki i Te Moana-a-Toi-te-huatahi (Bay of Plenty), ka mutu, kātahi ka tonoa ki Ōhinemutu. Nō taua takiwā tonu nei i mate ai a Kuini, ā, nō te 4 o Hūrae 1923 ka moea e Pāora a Mere Tī Kerei (Gray) i Te Umukaha (Temuka) i Te Waipounamu; hei tamāhine a Mere ki a Wiremu Kerei (William Gray) rāua ko Hīria Kokoro Tiratahi o Ngāi Tahu me Ngāti Māmoe. Kāre rāua i whai tamariki.

Nōna ka heke ki Taupō i te tau 1926 i hokihoki tonu ia ki Ōhinemutu me wāhi kē. I te toronga mai o te Tiuka o Ioka (York) i Maehe o te tau 1927 i riro nā Pāora rātau ko Pererika Pēneti (Frederick Bennett), ko Wiremu Nētana Pānapa i tuku ngā karakia. I te tau 1929, nāna i aumihi te kaiārahi wairua, kaiārahi tōrangapū a T. W. Rātana i te wā o tōna haerenga ki Taupō. Ehara kē tēnā i ētehi atu o ngā minita Mihingare, ka haere tonu tana minitatanga ki ngā mōrehu a Rātana, arā, ki ngā mōrehu i waenganui i a Ngāti Tūwharetoa. Nō te takiwā pea o te tau 1931 i whakanekea atu ai a Pāora ki te pāriha o Tūranga (Gisborne), ā, āpiti atu ki tāna mahi minita i reira ia rā, ia rā, i āwhinatia e ia ngā rōpū ā-rohe, tae atu ki te mahi moni mō ngā kaupapa o te wā. Nāna anō hoki i haere tahi ai rāua ko te pīhopa o Aotearoa ki Te Tai Rāwhiti, torotoro ai ngā pāriha o reira. Ka tīmata nei tana pānui haere i ngā kōrero mō tōna pāriha me ērā atu anō o ngā pāriha o Te Tai Rāwhiti ki roto i te nūpepa Māori o te Hāhi Mihingare, i Te Reo o Aotearoa.

Ka tuku nei tana pāpā i tana tūranga mihingare Māori i Rangiātea i te tau 1933, ko te hokinga atu tēnā o Temuera ki te pīhopatanga o Pōneke (Wellington), ā, i te 18 o Mei o taua tau i meinga ko ia hei whakakī i te tūranga o tana pāpā. Nōna ka kaumātua, ka kāpō haere nei ngā kanohi, i noho tonu mai a Temuera Tokoaituā ki te āwhina i tana tama, ā, nō te tau 1937 i mate ai.

Pū kau tonu te whakaaro o te iwi Māori whānui mō te taonga tino whakahirahira nei, mō Rangiātea. Nō te wāhi tapu mai o ngā moutere o Tahiti (Society Islands) te īngoa o Rangiātea. E ai ki te kōrero, nō reira mai ētehi oneone i haria mai mā runga i a Tainui waka. I te hanganga o te whare karakia, whakatakotoria ana ngā oneone nei ki raro i te whare. Hoi hoki i pū ai te whakaaro o Tainui he ahurewa tapu tēnei nō rātau ki Kapiti. He mea hanga te whare nei i raro i te mana o Te Harawira (Octavius Hadfield) rāua ko Te Rauparaha i ngā tau tōmuri o te tekau tau atu i 1840; ko Te Rauparaha te toa o Ngāti Toarangatira, nāna i raupatu te takutai o Kapiti. Ka oti te whare karakia nei i te tau 1850 ka noho hei taonga whakahirahira tēnei i roto i ngā whakaaro o ngā iwi o ngā Hāhi katoa. Muia ana te whare karakia e ngā takoha mai ka tū ana he hui whakahirahira ki reira; nō te tau 1934 i oti ai te whakamau atu he puringa ringa whakairo hou.

Kāore i roa te urunga atu o Temuera ki tētehi mahi whakaora i a Rangiātea. Nō te tau 1936 i tahuri ia ki te whakatika mārika i te whare karakia, i tīmata hoki tana whakatakoto kaupapa whakahouanga, tere ana te riro i ētehi atu te whakahaere. Nō te tau 1947 i hiwa ai ngā whakamahere, ā, nō te tau 1948 i pū ai te mahi. Whakahaerea ana e Tā Apirana Ngata te whakaako rōpū wāhine, me te wahine anō a Pāora a Mere Tī, ki te mahi whakatikatika anō i ngā tukutuku, me tana tohutohu atu hoki i te hunga whakairo, i ngā kāmura me ngā tāngata whakatū whare. Ko tā Pāora hoki he mau ake i ngā karakia, he akiaki, he tohutohu i te hunga mahi, me te tiaki haere tonu hoki i te ora me te wairua o te pāriha, whakatau atu hoki i ngā uaua o ngā mahi whakatikatika mai i te taonga nei. Hāngai ana te oti o te mahi ki te hui whakanui i te rau tau o Rangiātea i te marama o Maehe 1950. Haere ana ngā hui whakanui i te rau tau i te marae o Ngāti Raukawa, kāore nei i tawhiti atu i te whare karakia. Nō te marangatanga ake o ngā kapa haka i te hui i te mutunga wiki, riro ana nā Pāora i tāpae he hīra whakairo hei whakataetaetanga mā rātau. Nā runga i āna mahi whakaora i a Rangiātea, nō te wā o te karakia o te Rātapu, i tohua a Pāora hei kēnana hōnore mō te whare karakia matua o Pāora (St Paul's Cathedral) i Pōneke.

Nō te marama o Hune o taua tau i ūwhia a ia ki te tohu MBE. Ka taka ki Oketopa ka kōwhiria e ngā pakeke o te Kīngitanga ko ia hei ringa tango atu i te tauira iti o Tainui waka e tukua atu nei mō Ngāti Raukawa. Ko te waka nei he mea whakairo nā Tāmati Hērangi, he irāmutu ki a Te Puea Hērangi, ā, he mea tuku mai anō hoki tētehi mere pounamu, he tauira iti anō, he mea hahau i tētehi taonga pounamu nā Pōtatau Te Wherowhero, nā te Kīngi Māori i mua atu. (Waimarie te toe mai o ēnei taonga, te hia kore kē i pau i te ahi ka wera nei te whare karakia i te tau 1995). He mea tono tonu nā Temuera, ka riro mai i a Pēneti, ko ia nei te pīhopa o Aotearoa i taua wā, he tūāhu nā Kīngi Hōri VI i koha mai, ēngari nā Īnia Te Wīata i whakairo.

Nō te tau 1952 i tuku ai a Temuera i tōna tūranga i Rangiātea, ēngari i noho tonu ia ki Ōtaki. I riro tonu nāna i tiaki te papa whenua o waho mai o te whare karakia, nāna hoki i ārahi ngā manuhiri ki te titiro i roto i te whare karakia, tae atu ki tana mahi āwhina tonu i te iwi o te hau kāinga o Rangiātea. Nō te tau 1956 i noho ia hei mema mō te Pouhere Taonga (New Zealand Historic Places Trust). Mate rawa ake ia ki te Hōhipera o Te Papa-i-ōia (Palmerston North) i te 16 o Hūrae o te tau 1957. Mahue iho ana ko tana wahine tuarua, me tana tamāhine ā rāua ko tana wahine tuatahi. Nō te nehunga ka tae atu a Kīngi Korokī me te kāhui ariki o Ngāruawāhia; tae atu ana hoki ētehi Minita o te kāwanatanga, ētehi Mema Pāremata, ngā minita Hāhi matua, me te tokomaha o te manuhiri rangatira. Riro ana nā Kepa Ēhau – te kaihautū o te manawapū o Te Arawa – te mihi ki a ia. I nehua a Temuera ki te urupā Māori o Rangiātea i te 19 o Hūrae.

Me pēnei te tohu i te whārangi:

Angela Ballara. 'Temuera, Pāora', Dictionary of New Zealand Biography, first published in 1998. Te Ara - the Encyclopedia of New Zealand, https://teara.govt.nz/mi/biographies/4t12/temuera-paora (accessed 29 March 2024)