Kōrero: Te raranga me te whatu

Whārangi 4. Te whāriki, te raranga me te whiri

Ngā whakaahua me ngā rauemi katoa o tēnei kōrero

Ngā taonga muka o ia rā

I tua atu i ngā kākahu me ngā tukutuku, ka hanga anō te Māori i te whāriki, i te kete, i te kupenga, i te hīnaki, mā ngā tikanga raranga e rua. 

Whāriki

Ko te huhua o ēnei taonga ka whakamahi i te tikanga raranga e kīia ana he whāriki. He rerekē i te tikanga raranga, ka haere tōrua kē ngā weu.

Ngā momo whāriki

Ko te whāriki he tikanga raranga mō te mahi whāriki anō. He whakahirahira ngā whāriki i mua i te taenga mai o tauiwi, inā rā i te nuinga o ngā whare whakairo ko te oneone noa iho te papa. He maha ngā momo whāriki i hangaia. Ko te whāriki me te tūwhara ētahi momo pakari. Ko ētahi anō he ngāwari hei moenga, pērā i te takapau me te tīenga. Ko te takapau wharanui mō te wahine ka whakawhānau tamariki. Tērā anō hoki te tāpaki ka hīpokina ki runga hāngī hei pupuri i te mamao. Ko taua tikanga raranga anō rā tērā ka whakamahia hei hanga rā mō ngā waka tere moana. Heoi nō te kore haere o ngā terenga ki ngā moana pāmamao, ka kore anō tōna tikanga raranga.

E hangā tonutia ana te whāriki hei hora ki rō wharenui i ēnei rā. He rite tonu ka horaina ki raro i te tūpāpaku ki ngā tangihanga hei tohu whakaute ki te mate. 

Raranga

Ko te raranga hei mahi rourou, hei mahi kete me ngā taonga ririki i hāngai pū ki te ao Māori o mua. Ka mutu ko te rourou te taonga tuatahi ka mahia e te kairaranga. He mea hanga te rourou ki te rau harakeke. Kotahi noa iho te whakamahinga, ka whiua. Nō te whiwhinga ki ngā pereti, ka ngaro haere ngā rourou, engari e kitea tonutia ana ki ētahi o ngā marae.

Te whakamahi raranga

Karekau he pūkoro o ngā kākahu taketake, nā reira ka hangaia ngā tūmomo kete ki te tī kouka (he whanake rānei), ki te nīkau, tae rawa mai ki te harakeke. Ko ngā kete iti ka karangatia he pūtea, ā, ka whakakīia ki ngā kakara hei taonga. I ngā wā ka tata te whānau tamariki a te tohunga raranga, ka mahi ia i te kete whakairo. Kātahi ka whakaūria ki te karakia ki ngā atua. 

Whiri

Ko te whiri te tikanga mō te hanga i te maro, i te tīpare me te tātua. He pakari anō tēnei momo raranga hei hanga taura hei kawe i te kai, i te wāhie. 

Te hao ika

E ai ki tētahi manuhiri o Wīwī i tae ki Pēwhairangi i te tau 1772 ka whakamahi te Māori i āna taputapu hao ika. ‘Inā kē te tau o ngā momo aho me ngā momo kupenga, anō nei te huatau ki ō ngā tohunga o te kāinga.’ Nāwai e rima tekau tau i muri mai, ka whakaū te kaihoko a Joel Polack i tērā whakaaro: ‘he kaha ake ngā aho hī ika i ērā puta noa i Ūropi. Heoi he mahi takeo te hanga aho, arā ka romi, ka tuha, ka romi, ka tuha.’1

Ngā kupenga me ētahi atu

Ko tētahi mahi whai pānga ki tērā ko te hanga i ngā kupenga me ngā taputapu mahi kai. Ka mahitahi te tāne me te wahine ki te tā i ngā kupenga nui. Inā rā mā te kāinga tonu e tā tētahi kaharoa, neke atu i te 2 kiromita tōna whāroa. He whāiti iho ngā mata o waenganui i ngā tahataha hei pupuri i ngā ika. Ka tāia ngā kupenga iti hei tōanga, me ngā hīnaki, ki te piritā.

Ko te tāparepare o te tāruke he mea tā ki te piritā, ā, ko te mata ka tāia ki te tira mānuka me te harakeke. Hei hopu tuna te hīnaki, hei pupuri rānei i te tuna mō te kai. He atamai anō te hanganga o te whare manu me te tāhiti manu. Ko te mangemange, ko te kiekie ētahi o ngā rākau ka whakamahia, ka mutu he rauemi e kitea ana i te takiwā o ngā kōhanga manu. 

Kupu tāpiri
  1. Tohutoro Elsdon Best, Fishing methods and devices of the Maori, p. 8, http://nzetc.victoria.ac.nz/tm/scholarly/tei-BesFish-t1-body-d1.html (pātengi raraunga 7 Hānuere 2014). Back
Me pēnei te tohu i te whārangi:

Kahutoi Te Kanawa, 'Te raranga me te whatu - Te whāriki, te raranga me te whiri', Te Ara - the Encyclopedia of New Zealand, http://www.TeAra.govt.nz/mi/te-raranga-me-te-whatu/page-4 (accessed 29 March 2024)

He kōrero nā Kahutoi Te Kanawa, i tāngia i te 22 Oct 2014