Kua tū kē i ngā Māori ngā hīnonga ririki i mua noa atu i te taenga mai o te Pākehā. Ka mutu, he maha ā rātou tikanga tūopu, me ngā ara tauhokohoko hoki i waenganui i ngā whānau, ngā hapū me ngā iwi.
Ngā tauhokoohoko a ngā Māori
He mea whakahaere ngā mahi tauhokohoko ki roto i te whānuitanga o tētahi rohe, i waenganui i ngā hapū me ngā iwi. I a ngā Māori ō tai te kaimoana, i a ngā Māori ō uta ngā hua rākau, ngā huahua me ētahi atu hua o te ngahere. He mea tauhokohoko katoa te matā tuhua o Tūhua, te pakohe o Whakatū me Rangitoto, te ōnewa o Tāhanga ki Moehau, me te pounamu o Te Waipounamu.
Te pānga mai o te noho Pākehā
Nō te taenga mai o te Pākehā, kua tahuri ngā Māori ki te tauhokohoko me rātou¸ ā, ka whakarerea atu te mahi tauhokohoko i waenga iwi. Nā ngā Māori i taka kai mā ngā tāone tōmua o Aotearoa ki te hua whenua me te kararehe. Nō konā ka horapa ngā mahi tauhokohoko ki tāwāhi, ki Ahitereiria me Te Moananui-a-Kiwa. Nō te whanaketanga o Aotearoa, me te tipu o te ōhanga, kua mārama te Māori ki ōna tohungatanga mahi pakihi, arā, ko te ahuwhenua me te hao ika. Ko tā rātou hiahia he mahi ki ō rātou rohe ake, me te whai moni i ngā mahi ahuwhenua.
Ngā tāpaetanga whenua
Atu i ngā mahi tauhokohoko, ka ōrua mai ko te ngarotanga o te tikanga whakaaro Māori, me te wairua ake o te mahi Māori. Ka hokona, ka raupatutia rānei ngā whenua Māori e te Karauna. Nō te tau 1860, tata tonu i te katoa o ngā whenua Māori ki Te Waipounamu i riro i ngā Māori. Nō te tau 1900, ko te nuinga o ngā whenua pai mō te ahuwhenua ki te Ika-a-Māui ka riro i ngā ringaringa Māori. Ka riro ngā manawa whenua a ngā Māori; tā rātou oranga. Nā te itiiti o ngā rawa whenua ka mōnenehu te tino rangatiratanga Māori.
He tokomaha ngā kaipupuri ki ngā whenua i toe mai. Nāwai rā, ka tū ko ngā kaitiakitanga me ngā kaporeihana hei whakahaere i ngā whenua nei.
Te hinonga Māori i te rautau 1900
Atu i te pokapūtanga o te rau tau 1900, ka tīmata te horapa haere o te ahumahi. Kāre i roa ka hinga haere ngā mahi ki roto i ngā tāone. Hei whakakī i ngā puareare i waenganui i te hunga mahi, me ngā ture kāwanatanga o te wā hoki i akiaki ngā Māori te hūnuku ki ngā tāone nunui mahi ai ki ngā mahi kore whai pūkenga. E rua ngā tekau tau ka tino kaha te heke a te Māori ki ngā tāone noho ai. Ka huri ngā Māori mai i te noho ki ngā papatipu whenua, ki ngā tāone noho ai.
Ngā hanga hou mahi me te koremahi
Ka whakawhiua ko te iwi Māori i ngā hanganga hōu me te katinga o ngā wāhanga whakangao me ngā pakihi nui whakaharahara i ngā tekau tau o 1980 me 1990. He nui noa atu ngā tāngata Māori i whakatahangia i tō ngā iwi o tauiwi. Ka noho koremahi ngā Māori, ā, ka tahuri te nuinga ki te whai penihana kāwanatanga. Ko ētahi ka whai i ngā tauira ā ō rātou tīpuna, arā te whakatū hinonga. Nō konā ka tipu anō te rahi o ngā pakihi Māori ririki.
