Kōrero: Ngā Toi Hōu

Whārangi 5. Ngā toi hou i te tau ruamano

Ngā whakaahua me ngā rauemi katoa o tēnei kōrero

Te kaikōkiri mō te hunga takitahi

I te tau 1996 ka hangaia a Toi Māori Aotearoa hei kōkiri i ngā take toi Māori. Koia te piki o Te Waka Toi hei kawe i te toi Māori ki te ao hurihuri. Ko tētahi anō o ōna kawenga he kimi huarahi e puta atu ai ngā toi taketake me ngā toi hou a te Māori. Ko te Mākete Toi Māori tētahi huarahi hei whakaputa i ngā mahi toi ki te ao mārama.

Ngā ako kaupapa Māori

I te tekau tau 1990 ka toko ake ngā hōtaka kaupapa Māori e pā ana ki ngā mahi toi, pērā i a:

  • Toihoukura i Te Kuratini o Te Tairāwhiti (nāwai ka tūhonotia ki te Eastern Institute of Technology) ki Tūranga. I hua ake a Toihoukura i a Sandy Adsett rāua ko Derek Lardelli i te tau 1993. He tohunga tā moko a Lardelli.
  • Tōmairangi ki Heretaunga (he puni ako mamao nō Te Whare Wānanga o Aotearoa ki Te Awamutu). Nā Sandy Adsett i whakatū tēnei kura i te tau 2002. Ko te ringa rehe whakairo a Pakaariki Harrison rāua ko te kairaranga ko Diggeress Te Kanawa ētahi o ngā tohunga nāna i whakamana te hōtaka toi taketake o Te Wānanga o Aotearoa.
  • Te Whare Wānanga o Awanuiārangi ki Whakatāne.
  • Te Kunenga ki Pūrehuroa, me te hōtaka toi whakaari o Te Pūtahi-a-Toi. Ko Ahorangi Robert Jahnke te kaiwhakahaere.

Te Papa Tongarewa

I te tau 1985 ka takoto i a Hirini Moko Mead te whakaaro kia whakatūria tētahi Pūtahi ā-Motu mō Ngā Toi Māori. Heoi i haukotia tēnei kaupapa i te whakatūnga o Te Papa Tongarewa ki Te Whanganui-a-Tara. I tōna whakatuwheratanga i te tau 1998 ka whakahē ētahi ki ngā āhuatanga tauhou o te wharenui o Te Hono ki Hawaiki, nā Cliff Whiting i hanga. 

Ngā marae hou

Nō muri mai ka hanga anō a Whiting i te wharenui hou o Maru Kaitātea ki te marae o Takahanga i Kaikōura (i tuwhera i te tau 2001) me te wharenui a Tahu Pōtiki ki te marae o Te Rau Aroha ki Motupōhue. Nā te kaihoahoa whare nā Rewi Thompson i auaha te wharenui i te marae o Ngāti Ōtara, ā, he maha ngā wharenui hou i hoahoatia e Lyonel Grant pērā i a Te Papa o te Aroha ki Tokoroa, i a Īhenga ki Rotorua, me Ngākau Māhaki ki Te Whare Wānanga o Wairaka ki Tāmaki-makaurau. 

He mano tau hou

I te tākiritanga mai o te ata i te 1 o Kohitātea i te tau 2000, ka kite ngā kaimātaki pouaka whakaata i ngā rangatira e karahui ana ki te tihi o Hikurangi hei tohi i ngā whakairo e iwa. Nā ngā tauira o Toihoukura i whao ēnei pou whakairo i raro anō i te mana o Derek Lardelli. E pā ana hoki ngā whakairo ki te tipua nei a Māui.

Ngā hato me ngā whaea

Ko tēnei te takoha a Isiaha Barlow ki te whakaaturanga o Pūrangiaho i tū i te tau 2001. I roto i tēnei whakaaturanga 12 ngā hato tāne o ngā toi hou Māori e whakaatu ana i te tikanga tā Byzantine a Rūhia (Russian Orthodox). Kei runga i ngā whakaahua ko ngā ‘pū taketake’ pērā i a Hato Fred (Graham) rātou ko Hato Ralph (Hōtere me Hato Buck (Nin), tae atu ki ngā mea o muri ake a Hato Darcy (Nicholas) rāua ko Hato Bob (Jahnke). I te tau 2002 ka oti i a Barlow āna tānga e toru o ngā ‘whāea’ o te toi hou a te Māori: pērā i a Whaea Emare (Karaka) rātou ko Whaea Kura (Te Waru Rewiri) me Whāea Robyn (Kahukiwa). 

Ara mai he tētē kura

I te whakaaturanga o Hiko! ki Ōtautahi i te tau 1999 ka whakaputaina ngā mahinga toi a ngā tohungatoi hou e whitu. I takea mai ō rātou ariā i te ao mamati. Ko tētahi o ā rātou mahi he rapu i te pitomata o ētahi hangarau hou, ka mutu he āhuatanga tēnei i kapohia ake e ngā tohungatoi i mua atu i a rātou. I te tau 2001 ka tū te whakaaturanga ki te Taiwhanga Tāone o Te Whanganui-a-Tara e kīia ana ko Techno Māori: Māori Art in the Digital Age. Orua ki te Taiwhanga Toi o Tāmaki-makaurau, e whakaaturia ana a Pūrangiaho: Seeing Clearly, tētahi whakakitenga haumi whakatupuranga, nā Ngahiraka Mason i whakarite. Ko te kaupapa o tēnei whakaaturanga he tūhura i ngā whakarerenga iho o ngā toi taketake i roto i ngā toi hou’.1

Ko ētahi atu tohungatoi Māori o te tekau tau ruamano ko Saffronn Te Rātana rātou ko Wayne Youle, ko Kelcy Taratoa, ko Star Gossage.

Te Taiopenga o Venice

I te urunga tuatahi o Aotearoa ki te Taiopenga Toi Hou o Venice i te tau 2001, ka tīpakongia ko Peter Robinson rāua ko Jacqueline Fraser o Ngāi Tahu hei kanohi mō te motu. I te tau 2011 ka tohua ko Michael Parekōwhai hei kanohi. I te tau 2007 ka tohua a Brett Graham rāua ko Rachael Rākena kia taki haere ki te whakaatu i ā rāua taonga ki te taiopenga taituara, ā, i te tau 2013 ka pōwhiritia a Darryn George kia haere ake.

Te Taonga o Walters

Ko ētahi ringarehe Māori i whakarāpopotongia mō te tohu nui o te Taiwhanga Toi o Tāmaki-makaurau (ko te Taonga o Walters i whakaūngia i te tau 2002) ko Peter Robinson (e rua ōna whiwhinga) rātou ko Jacqueline Fraser, ko Lisa Reihana. I whakamānawatia a Robinson i te tau 2008.

Ngā tohungatoi whai hōnore

He Māori ētahi o ngā tohunga whai hōnore nui. He huhua ngā Māori kua whakamānawatia e te Tūāpapa Mahi Toi pērā i a Shane Cotton, i a Lyonel Grant,  i a Fiona Pardington, i a Michael Parekōwhai,  i a Barry Barclay me Derek Lardelli; tae atu ki ngā pakoko pērā i a Ralph Hōtere, i a Pākāriki Harrison,  i a Diggeress Te Kanawa,  i a Cliff Whiting, i a Arnold Wilson me te reanga o muri mai pērā i a Ngāhina Hohaia rāua ko Taika Waititi, te kaitohutohu o te kiriata o Boy). Kua whiwhi a John Miller rāua ko Neil Pardington i te Tohu o Marti Friedlander mō te tango whakaahua. I whiwhi a Cliff Whiting i te Tohu Nui o Aotearoa (Order of New Zealand) i te tau 1998, ā, i te tau 2012 ka whiwhi a Ralph Hōtere i tērā hōnore.

Kupu tāpiri
  1. Takitaki ‘New Maori art exhibition mixes pride, power and fun.’ New Zealand Herald, 17 September 2001, http://www.nzherald.co.nz/lifestyle/news/article.cfm?c_id=6&objectid=217416 (i tirohia i te 25 Pipiri 2014). Back
Me pēnei te tohu i te whārangi:

Jonathan Mane-Wheoki, 'Ngā Toi Hōu - Ngā toi hou i te tau ruamano', Te Ara - the Encyclopedia of New Zealand, http://www.TeAra.govt.nz/mi/nga-toi-hou/page-5 (accessed 29 March 2024)

He kōrero nā Jonathan Mane-Wheoki, i tāngia i te 22 Oct 2014