Kōrero: Ngā māngai

Whārangi 4. Ngā tūhono tōrangapū

Ngā whakaahua me ngā rauemi katoa o tēnei kōrero

Ngā tōrangapū o mua

He mema takitahi ngā Māori tuatahi o te Pāremata ā, tae rawa ki te tekau tau 1890, i te hononga o ngā Māori ki te Rōpū Rīpera. Koinei te rōpū whakaaweawe o te Pāremata. Ko ngā mema Māori o te Rōpū Rīpera ko Timi Kara rātou ko Āpirana Ngata me Te Rangi Hīroa. Ko Māui Pōmare hoki he mema Pāremata mō te rōpū Reform. Ka mahitahi hoki ngā mema Māori o ngā rōpū mā te Rōpū Rangatahi Māori (Young Māori Party). Ko Ngata, ko Te Rangi Hīroa, ko Pōmare me Kara ōna mema.

Ngā taonga a Rātana

I te tau 1935 ka takoto i a Tahupōtiki Wiremu Rātana ētahi taonga ki mua i te aroaro o te Pirimia Reipa i a Michael Savage: arā, ngā rau huia e toru mō te rironga o te ahurea Māori; te rīwai me te kumara, mō ngā whenua i murua i te Māori; ko te pounamu, mō te mana Māori. E waiho ana ia tēnei mā Savage e tiaki; ko te wati pakaru nā te tipuna o Rātana i whawhai mō te kāwanatanga i ngā tau o te pakanga. I tōna rawakore kāore ia i āhei te whakahou i te wati; ko te pine Rātana, mō ngā mema 40,000 o te hāhi Rātana ka mene katoa ki a Reipa.

Rātana

I te tau 1935 ka tohua a Eruera Tirikātene hei māngai Pāremata tuatahi mō te hāhi Rātana. He mea tautoko ia i a Reipa. I te tau 1935 kātahi ka pūmau te hono ki a Reipa. I te tau 1943 ka kapo ake ēnei rōpū i ngā tūru Māori e whā – ā, ka mau tonu iho ērā tūru tae noa ki te tau 1993.

Mana Motuhake

I te tekau tau 1970 ka toko ake ngā pātai ki te uara o te hono ki a Reipa. I te tau 1980 ka wehe a Matiu Rata hai minita Take Māori mō Reipa i te hiahia ki te whakawhenumi i te tari Māori me te tari mō ngā iwi o Te Moananui-a-Kiwa. Ko te whakatūnga tērā o Matiu Rata i te Rōpū Mana Motuhake. E whā ngā kōwhiringa mai i te tau 1981 ki te tau 1990 i tū ai ngā kaitono o te Rōpū Mana Motuhake, engari auare ake. I te tau 1991 ka haumi a Mana Motuhake ki ngā rōpū e toru i hua mai te rōpū Alliance (Tūhono). I te tau 1993 ka arahina e Tuaiwa Rickard te rōpū tōrangapū o Mana Māori. He kotahitanga tēnei i waenganui i a Te Tāwharau me Piri Wiri Tua.

Tata tonu

I te pōtitanga matua i te tau 1928 ka hinga a Eruera Tirikātene ki te tūru o Te Tai Tonga, ā, he iti noa iho te wehenga. I tērā wā ka whakaaetia te pōti pōhi mō ngā tūru whānui engari anō mō ngā tūru Māori. Nō konei kāore ngā kārangaranga maha o Tirikātene i pōti nō te mea i te hauhake wīti kē rātou ki Rātana Pā. Ko te tatau mutunga he taurite te tataunga, arā, 198 ngā pōti ki a Tirikātene, 198 ki a Tūiti Makitānara. Heoi ka tuku te āpiha auraki (he Pākehā) i tana pōti mō Makitānara. Heoi anō, i te pōtitanga ohorere i te tau 1932, ka wini a Tirikātene, ā, ka noho koia te māngai Pāremata tuatahi o Rātana.

I te tau 1993 ka kōwhiria te kaitono o Mana Motuhake a Sandra Lee ki raro i te maru o te Alliance. I te tau 1996 ka uru atu ko Alamein Koopu engari ka wehe ia i te rōpū, ā, ka whakatūria e ia tōna ake rōpū ko Mana Wahine Ira Tangata. I te tau 1999 ka uru atu te kaitono o Mana Motuhake a Willie Jackson ki te Pāremata. I te tau 2002 ka tōtara wāhirua te Alliance, ā, i te pōtitanga o taua tau ka riro katoa ōna tūru. Whai muri tata ka wehe a Mana Motuhake i te Alliance.

New Zealand First (Aotearoa Tuatahi)

I te tau 1993 ka riro i a Tau Hēnare o New Zealand First te tūru Māori o Te Tai Tokerau. I te hōhā o te marea ki a Reipa ka riro katoa ngā tūru Māori i a New Zealand First i te tau 1993. I te tau 1999 ka hoki anō ngā tūru ki a Reipa.

Te Pāti Māori

I te tau 2004 ka wehe a Tariana Turia i te kāwanatanga Reipa hei porotēhi ki te āhua o te ture takutai moana. I te tau 2005 ka wetekina te rēhita a Mana Motuhake me Mana Māori i te haere o te pōti Māori ki te Pāti Māori. I te tau 2005 e whā ngā tūru Māori ka riro i te pāti, ā, e rima ka riro i te tau 2008. Nā te pakari o ngā paiaka tautoko mō ngā mema Māori o Reipa a Nanaia Mahuta rāua ko Parekura Horomia ki ō rāua tūru, kāore i riro te katoa o ngā tūru ki te Pāti Māori. Whai muri i te whakataetae pōti o te tau 2008 ka piri anō te Pāti Māori ki a Nāhinara. Ko te koha ki te Pāti Māori ko ngā whakaaetanga ki ētahi ture ārahi me ngā tūranga minita e rua (ki waho i te urupū minita). He ōrite anō ngā whakaritenga i muri mai i ngā pōti o 2011 me 2014, otirā, i te tau 2014 kotahi o ngā mema e rua he Minita kei waho i te Rūnanga Kāwanatanga.

Te Rōpū Mana

I te tau 2011 ka wehe a Hone Harawira (māngai o Te Tai Tokerau) i te Rōpū Māori i tōna whakahē ki ngā whakahounga ture takutai moana. I tōna putanga i te Pāremata ka whakatū ia i te Rōpū o Mana. I te pōti ohorere i te Pipiri o te tau 2011 ka kapo anō ia i te tūru o Te Tai Tokerau. I tētahi pōti iti i te marama o Hune 2011 i toa anō i a ia te tūru o Te Tai Tokerau, heoi anō, ka riro atu i a Kelvin Davis o te Rōpū Reipa i te pōti o 2014. I whakapiri atu te rōpū o Mana ki te rōpū o te Internet Party mō taua pōti. Nā te rironga atu o te tūru o Harawira i te rōpū kē, kua kore a Mana e noho i te Whare Pāremata.

Me pēnei te tohu i te whārangi:

Rawiri Taonui, 'Ngā māngai - Ngā tūhono tōrangapū', Te Ara - the Encyclopedia of New Zealand, http://www.TeAra.govt.nz/mi/nga-mangai/page-4 (accessed 19 March 2024)

He kōrero nā Rawiri Taonui, i tāngia i te 20 Jun 2012, reviewed & revised 15 Jul 2016