Kōrero: Ngā māngai

Whārangi 3. Ngā tohe mō ngā tūru Māori

Ngā whakaahua me ngā rauemi katoa o tēnei kōrero

Ngā tohe o mua mō te whakakore

Mai anō i te rautau 1800 kua wānangatia e ngā mema, ngā rōpū me ngā kaikōrero tōrangapū te take whakakore i ngā tūru Māori. I te tau 1902 ka whakapuaki ngā mema Pākehā o te āpitihana ki te whakakore i ngā tūru. Mai i te tau 1891 i te rōpū Liberal (Rīpera) me ngā māngai Māori hoki te mana whakahaere. Puta noa i te tekau tau mai i 1950 ka karanga anō a Nāhinara kia tineia ngā tūru whai muri i te rironga o te kāwanatanga ki a Reipa me Rātana mō te 14 tau; ara mai i te tau 1935 ki te tau 1949.

Hē, tika rānei?

I te whakaurunga o te ture Electoral Act hou i te tau 1902 ka whakapae te māngai o Napier a Frederick Pirani nā te kore o te pōti huna mō te Māori, wātea kau ana ngā pōtitanga ki ngā mahi hoko pōti, me ētahi atu mahi mūrere. E ai ki a Pirani nā runga i ngā tūru Māori kāore ngā mema Pākehā i tino aro atu ki te Māori. Heoi ka urupare atu a Wī Pere; mā ngā tūru Māori anake e mōhiotia ai he iwi motuhake te Māori. Ki a ia, kua oti katoa ērā atu o ō rātou tika te tāhae e te Pākehā.1

Ngā tautohe mō te whakakore i te tau ruamano

Ka haere tonu ngā taupatupatu ki roto ki te tau rua mano, ā, ka tokomaha ake ngā māngai Māori (i ngā tūru puta noa) i raro i te ture MMP. Ko tā ngā kaiwhakahē ka nui rawa ngā Māori ki te Whare Miere. Nō te tau 2008 e 22 ngā māngai Māori i roto i te kāhui mema Pāremata 122 te tokomaha. Ka mutu e 18 ōrau o ngā mema katoa o te Pāremata he Māori, ahakoa 14 ōrau noa iho te taupori Māori o Aotearoa.

Ko New Zealand First (Aotearoa Tuatahi) me te Pāti Māori tērā i tūhono ki ngā kāwanatanga Nāhinara. Kātahi ka kiriweti anō ētahi ki te pūnaha tūru Māori. Ko te heitara a ētahi kaiwhakahē he kaikiri te āhua o ngā tūru Māori, ka mutu he whakawehewehe noa iho te mahi.

Ngā kaupapa tōrangapū mō te whakakore

I te tau 2008 ka mea a Nāhinara ki te whakakore i ngā tūru Māori i te otinga o ngā whakataunga Tiriti o Waitangi. Ko te manako o te rōpū ka tutuki tēnei i te tau 2014. Heoi i te tau 2011, ka eke tētahi whakaaetanga i waenganui i a Nāhinara me te Rōpū Māori, ā, ka kūpeke a Nāhinara i te kaupapa o te whakakore i ngā tūru.

I te tau 2014, ka tautoko a ACT, i roto i ngā kaupapa kōwhiri o tērā rōpū, ki te whakakore i ngā tūru Māori.

Ngā totohe kia mau tonu ngā tūru

Ka whakapae te hunga tautoko i ngā tūru Māori kua nui kē atu te whai wāhi o te Māori ki te Pāremata i ngā tūru Māori. He nui ake ngā kaitōrangapū tangata whenua o Aotearoa i ērā atu o ngā whenua maru o Peretānia. Taka mai ki te tau 2005 e 85 ngā mema Māori kua uru ki rō Pāremata, engari kāore te katoa i paku aro ki ngā painga mō te Māori. Mai i te tīmatatanga o te tikanga pōti whirirua (MMP) i te tau 1996 kua piki ake te ōrau o ngā Mema e kī ana he Māori rātou, engari ehara i te mea he māngai katoa rātou mō ngā āhuatanga Māori.

Kupu tāpiri
  1. I takoto ki Neill Atkinson, Adventures in democracy: a history of the vote in New Zealand. Ōtepoti: University of Otago Press me te Electoral Commission, 2003, wh. 108. Back
Me pēnei te tohu i te whārangi:

Rawiri Taonui, 'Ngā māngai - Ngā tohe mō ngā tūru Māori', Te Ara - the Encyclopedia of New Zealand, http://www.TeAra.govt.nz/mi/nga-mangai/page-3 (accessed 19 March 2024)

He kōrero nā Rawiri Taonui, i tāngia i te 20 Jun 2012, reviewed & revised 15 Jul 2016