Kōrero: Ngā kaitito waiata

Whārangi 4. Ngā kaitito o muri

Ngā whakaahua me ngā rauemi katoa o tēnei kōrero

Ngā kapa haka Māori

Nāwai i te paunga o te rautau 1800 kua araara mai ngā kapa haka Māori ki ngā kāinga Māori. Ko Āpirana Ngata rāua ko Te Puea Hērangi ngā kaiārahi tuatahi o ēnei rōpū. Ko ēnei ngā kapa haka tuatahi. I horapa haere ēnei rōpū ki ngā kāinga Māori ki te waiata, ki te haka, ki te whakangahau me te whakatangi taonga puoro pērā i te violin, te piano, te kōriana me te banjo. He tauira anō ēnei rōpū nō ngā whare karioi, he rōpū haka ka haere ki te kāinga o ētahi ki te toro whanaunga. Ko te kaupapa o ngā haerenga a ngā kapa o muri nei he mahi moni mō ētahi kaupapa ā-hapori pērā i te whakaaranga o ngā marae i Te Tai Rāwhiti (i ārahina e Ngata) me te whakatūnga o Tūrangawaewae marae (i ārahina e Te Puea) hei pākaiahi mō te Kīngitanga. 

Ko Paraire Tomoana

I whānau mai a Paraire Tōmoana o Ngāti Te Whatuiāpiti me Ngāti Kahungunu i waenganui pū i te tekau tau 1870. Koia tētahi i para i te huarahi mō ngā waiata ā-ringa hou, ā, ka anga kē ngā rangi mai i ngā waiata koroua o mua ki ngā rangi Pākehā. I te wā o te Pakanga Tuatahi o te Ao ka tito ia i ngā waiata rongonui hei kaupapa mahi moni mā ngā hōia me ō rātou whānau. Ko ētahi o ngā waiata a Tomoana e rongonui tonu ana pērā i a Pōkarekare ana’, ‘Hoea rā te waka nei’ me ‘E pari rā’, he waiata mahara ki ngā hōia i mate ki te Pakanga Tuatahi o te Ao. I tauiratia tēnei waiata i a ‘Blue eyes waltz’; nāwai ka whakamahi te Taua Moana o Aotearoa i tēnei waiata mō tōna rangatū ōkawa.

Ko Tuini Ngāwai

I whānau mai a Tuini Ngāwai o Ngāti Porou i te tau 1910 ki Tokomaru. 14 noa iho tōna pakeke ka titoa mai he waiata (kua ngaro). Mai i te tau 1931, neke atu i te 200 ngā waiata ka titoa e ia. Ko tōna waiata rongonui tuatahi ko ‘He nawe kei roto’. Ka kauanuanu a Āpirana Ngata ki te waiata, ka tono ia ki a Tuini kia waiatatia tāna waiata ki te whakatuwheratanga o Te Hono ki Rarotonga ki Tokomaru i te tau 1934.

I te tau 1939 ka hikipapa ki Tāmaki-makaurau noho ai. I reira ka hanga waiata mō tētahi kapa waiata tira e pāho ana ki runga irirangi. Nō te Pakanga Tuarua o te Ao ka hoki ia ki Tokomaru, whakatūria ana e ia tōna kapa a Te Hokowhitu-a-Tū. He whakatari hōia hoki mō te hokowhitu tētahi o ngā mahi. He maha ngā tūnga o te kapa ki ngā puni hōia, ki ngā pōwhiri rānei mā ngā hōia e hoki mai ana ki te wā kāinga. I te wā e mura ana te pakanga, ka puta i a Ngāwai ōna waiata rongonui rawa, pērā i a ‘Arohaina mai e te Kīngi nui’. 

Ko Ngoi Pēwhairangi

Ko te tamāhine (irāmutu) a Tuini Ngāwai ko Ngoingoi Pēwhairangi tētahi kaitito rongonui anō. He mema, he manukura ia nō Te Hokowhitu-a-Tū i tūmanakohia e tōna whāea hei kaiārahi, hei kaitito hoki. Ko ētahi o ngā waiata rongonui a Ngoi ko ‘Kia kaha ngā iwi’, ko ‘Ka noho au’, ko ‘Whakarongo’. Ko te nuinga o āna titonga i titoa mai mō ngā hui nui, pērā i te haerenga mai o te pirini me te pirinihi o Wēra (nāna hoki i whakahaere te pōwhiri). Ko ētahi o ana titonga rongonui ko ‘Poi e’, i waiatatia e Prince Tui Teka i te tau 1981, me ‘Poi e’, i tuhia i te taha o Dalvanius Prime, ā, (i waiatatia e te Karapu Māori o Pātea) i rongonui tēnei waiata ki te ao katoa. I whakapau kaha anō a Ngoi hei kaiako, hei kaiwhakatairanga i te reo me te ahurea Māori. 

Ko Hirini Melbourne

He tohunga tito whakairo kupu a Hirini Mebourne nō Ngāi Tūhoe i whakaputa i ngā waiata rongonui mai i te tau 1980 tae noa ki tōna matenga i te tau 2003. Rangona ai āna waiata ki ngā kura, ā, e rangona tonutia nei i ēnei rā. Ko ‘Purea nei’, ko ‘Whiti te marama’, ko ‘Tīhore mai’ ētahi o āna waiata e waiatatia ana puta noa i te motu.

Ko Hirini anō tērā rāua ko Richard Nunns i whakaora i te tangi o ngā taonga puoro. I te tau 1994 ka puta tā rāua kōpae puoro e kīa ana ko Te kū te whē, ā, he mahinga hautipua tēnei i whakaara anō ai te taonga puoro i roto i ngā titonga whānui o Aotearoa. I te tekau tau 2010, e rangona ana ngā taonga puoro ki te ao kiriata, ki ngā kēmu hākinakina, ki runga marae, puta noa i te ao. 

Me pēnei te tohu i te whārangi:

Te Ahukaramū Charles Royal, 'Ngā kaitito waiata - Ngā kaitito o muri', Te Ara - the Encyclopedia of New Zealand, http://www.TeAra.govt.nz/mi/nga-kaitito-waiata/page-4 (accessed 19 April 2024)

He kōrero nā Te Ahukaramū Charles Royal, i tāngia i te 22 Oct 2014