Kōrero: Ngā mahi a te rēhia

Whārangi 4. Te whare tapere

Ngā whakaahua me ngā rauemi katoa o tēnei kōrero

Ko ngā mātauranga kōrero pūrākau, ngā waiata, ngā haka, ngā poi, ngā taonga puoro me ngā tākaro ka hua mai i te whare tapere.

Kōrero pūrākau

He kōrero paki, he whakarongo ki ngā pūrākau ētahi mahi harakoa tino nui ki te Māori o mua. E ai ki te mihinare tōmua a William Yate, ‘ko te tino mahi he kauhau i ngā kōrero hautipua; he roa ngā haora e pahupahu ai rātou mō ngā kōrero o te pō. Ka ohongia te pō e rātou kia kōrero i ngā kōrero paki, tōna tikanga kia moe kē te tangata i te pō.’1

Ko te pakiwaitara me te pūrākau ngā kupu whānui mō ngā kōrero tuku iho. E kīa ana ko te kōrero takurua me te kōrero ahiahi he paki, kāore i pērā rawa te pono, arā, he kōrero paki, he titonga kupu kōrero. Ko te mahinga matua o ēnei he whakangahau i te kaiwhakarongo.

Ehara te pūrākau i te whakangahau noa iho. Engari he kōrero tuku iho e pā ana ki te taiao, ki te kōrero hītori, tātai whakapapa me ngā tikanga ā-iwi. He tino mīharo ngā mihinare tōmua pērā i a Samuel Marsden ki te āhei o te Māori ki te hopu i te kōrero.

Waiata

Kei ngā tūāhua katoa o te ao Māori tēnei mea te waiata. He nui ngā momo waiata, pērā i te pao, i te waiata tangi me te pātere. He huhua ngā kōrero mō ngā mahi a ngā tīpuna, ngā tātai kōrero me ngā kupu whakarite kei roto i ngā momo waiata.

Mēnā e āhei ana kua parakitihi i ngā waiata o te hau kāinga. Nōna e tamariki ana, ka whakamārama a Te Rangi Hīroa mō te waiata a ngā kaumātua i ā rātou waiata i roto i te whare tipuna i te pō, i te atapō rānei. Ko te mahi a ngā tamariki pakeke he hopu haere i aua waiata kia taunga ai mō ngā huihuinga a te hau kāinga.

Hui whakataetae

Ka tū ngā hui whakataetae i waenganui i ngā kāinga kiritata. Ko ngā mahi he hākinakina, he taumāhekeheke. ‘Ko ētahi whakataetae he whātōtō, he mamau, he para whakawai, he hoe waka, he whakaharatau ki ngā haka, te tī rākau me te pere tao … Ka tū anō ētahi whakataetae whakarewa manu aute … Ko tā Tūhoe mahi he tākaro i te ruru, te kōruru rānei.’2

Haka me te poi

He nui te haka me te poi i roto i ngā tūmomo whakangahau a te Māori. ‘He wā ka whakahaere ētahi tauwhāinga i waenganui i ngā kāinga, kua haere hoki he kapa poi ki tētahi atu kāinga ki te whakataetae atu ki te kapa poi o tērā kāinga. Ka haere ngātahi anō ko te haka.’3 He whānui ngā tūmomo haka, tae atu ki ngā haka a ngā wāhine.

Taonga puoro

Ka ahu ano mai te taonga puoro i ngā oro o te taiao. I te wā o ngā kawa tapu me ngā whakangahau ka rangona te taonga puoro, ā, i roto hoki i ngā waiata, ngā haka me ngā poi. 

Ka hangā te taonga puoro ki te hue, ki te angaanga, ki te kōhatu me te rākau. He mea whakatangi mā te waha, te pongāihu, mā te porotiti, te wiriwiri me te paopao.

Ko te kōauau te taonga puoro rongonui a te Māori. I ngā wā o mua he tino taonga te kōauau: ‘he mea whakaharakoa ki ngā pā katoa te whakarongo ki ngā mātanga kaiwhakatangi o te hapū.'4

Ko Tamatekapua rāua ko Whakatūria

He kura tawhito te whare tapere e rangona ai ngā kōrero e pā ana ki Hawaiki. Tērā te wā ka whakamahi pouturu a Tamatekapua rāua ko tōna taina a Whakatūria. Ko te take he tāhae i ngā pōporohua a Uenuku. Ka mau a Whakatūria, ā, ka herea ki roto i te whare o Uenuku. Kātahi a Whakatūria ka kite i ngā mahi o te whare tapere, arā, i ngā haka, i ngā waiata, i ngā pekepeke, i ngā tutukai, i ngā tī me ngā punipuni.

Ngā hākinakina me ngā tākaro

I ngā huihuinga nui, ka whai wāhi te katoa ki ngā tākaro me ngā hākinakina. I tua atu i te ngahau i ngā kaitākaro me ngā kaimātaki, he ako anō i ngā kōrero tuku iho a te iwi, he whakahoahoa anō ki ngā mahi kawe ā-riri.

Ko te marae ātea o te kāinga ka whakamahia mō ngā kaipara. I ngā raumati kua tahuri ki ngā hākinakina i roto i te wai, pērā i te kauhoe, te ruku me te reti ngaru. I ngā pō roa o te hōtoke kua tahuri ki ngā tī ringaringa, ngā whai me ngā karetao.

Ko ngā taonga tākaro a ngā tamariki ka hangā ki ngā taonga o te taiao, ā, ko ētahi he tētere, me te toparere. Ā, he mea hoahoa ētahi waka i te harakeke me te raupō hei taonga tākaro mā ngā tamariki.

Kupu tāpiri
  1. Quoted in Elsdon Best, Games and pastimes of the Maori. Te Whanganui-a-Tara: Government Printer, 1976, p. 14. Back
  2. Games and pastimes of the Maori, p. 14. Back
  3. Games and pastimes of the Maori, p. 105. Back
  4. Quoted in Brian Flintoff, Taonga puoro: singing treasures. Whakatū, Aotearoa: Craig Potton Publishing, 2004, p. 65. Back
Me pēnei te tohu i te whārangi:

Ross Calman, 'Ngā mahi a te rēhia - Te whare tapere', Te Ara - the Encyclopedia of New Zealand, http://www.TeAra.govt.nz/mi/nga-mahi-a-te-rehia/page-4 (accessed 25 April 2024)

He kōrero nā Ross Calman, i tāngia i te 5 Sep 2013