Kōrero: Ngā whare taonga

Whārangi 4. Te whai kanohi a te Māori ki ngā whare taonga, mai i te tau 1987 ki te tau 2000

Ngā whakaahua me ngā rauemi katoa o tēnei kōrero

Te huarahi para o Te Māori

Taro kau ake, ka maha ake te kanohi Māori ki ngā whare taonga o te motu. I te tau 1988 ka waihanga te Whare Taonga ā-Motu i tētahi kura mō ngā Māori e whai mahi ana ki te whare taonga. Ko ngā kaiako o taua kura ko Erenora Puketapu Hetet, ko te kaiwhakairo ko Rangi Hetet, me Bill Cooper o te Whare Taonga ā-Motu. I puta te ihu o te tokomaha o ngā ākonga ki ngā whare taonga maha.

Te hokinga mai o Pūkaki

I whakairotia a Pūkaki i te takiwā o te tau 1836. Ka mutu ko Pūkaki he tupuna nō Ngāti Whakaue me ētahi anō o ngā koromatua o Te Arawa. I te tau 1877 ka takoha a Te Arawa i a Pūkaki ki te Karauna, hei whakapūmau i te kirimana wawao i ō rātou whenua. Ko Pūkaki tētahi o ngā taonga hirahira ki te whakakitenga o Te Māori. Ka mutu i te tau 1997 ka whakahokia e Tāmaki Paenga Hira a Pūkaki ki a Ngāti Whakaue.

  • I te tekau tau 1980 me te tīmatanga o 1990 ko ngā Māori ēnei i tohua ki ngā tūnga whare taonga:
  • Ko Ngāhuia Te Awekōtuku te Māori tuatahi kia tū hei kaiwhakahaere o te Whare Taonga o Waikato i te tau 1987
  • Ko Te Warena Taua, he kaiāwhina mātauranga momo tangata ki Tāmaki Paenga Hira i te tau 1989
  • Ko Paora Tapsell te kaiwhakahaere o te Whare Taonga o Rotorua i te tau 1990
  • Ko Jonathan Mane-Wheoki te kaiwhakahaere Māori tuatahi ki te Whare Taonga o Robert McDougall i te tau 1991.

Ngā whakakitenga Māori

I te tekau tau 1990 rerekē haere ngā whare taonga o Aotearoa i te putaputa ake o ngā whakakitenga ake a te Māori. Nō reira ka aropūtia te taonga me te toi Māori. E whai ake nei ko ngā tauira:

  • Ko te whakakitenga a Te Arawa ki te Whare Taonga o Te Arawa – ko Te Korimako Tangi Ata
  • Ko te whakatairanga o te Taiwhanga Toi o Robert McDougall i te reanga hou o ngā toki Māori pērā i a Shane Cotton rātou ko Shona Rāpira Davies, ko Michael Parekōwhai
  • Ko te whakaatu o Te Whare Taonga o Waikato i raro i te awe o Barbara Moke, i te whakakitenga o Te Ara o Tainui i te tau 1998.

Ngā whakahaerenga Māori i roto i ngā whare taonga

Ka tahuri te ao Māori ki te whakarite i a ia anō. Ka whakatū a Hirini Moko Mead rāua ko Te Aue Davis i te Kaitiakitanga o Te Māori Manaaki Taonga hei whakarato i ngā karahipi whai pānga. Nā Mina McKenzie rāua ko Bill Cooper i whakaemi mai ngā Kaitiaki Māori. I te tau 1992 ka tūhono te rōpū ki te Rōpū o Ngā Whare Taonga o Aotearoa.

Nā runga i ēnei mahi ka takoto te tikanga mō ngā whare taonga o te motu, arā, kia whai wāhi mai te hunga kaumātua, me te whakamārama tika i ngā taonga. Nō te pokapū o te tekau tau 1990 ka hangaia mai ngā komiti kaumātua. Ka whakatūria anō ngā tūnga whakahaere, ā, ko Cliff Whiting te kaihautū tuatahi o Te Papa. I muri mai ko Mere Whaanga te kaiwhakahaere mō ngā uara ā-iwi ki Tāmaki Paenga Hira.

Te marae ki Te Papa

I roto i āna mahi tahi ka waihanga marae a Te Papa. Nā Cliff Whiting i hoahoa te marae, otirā hei huihuinga mā ngā iwi katoa o te ao. He pīataata ngā whakanikoniko o te wharenui e whakaatu ana i ngā tīpuna o te Māori me te Pākehā.

Ngā whakarerekētanga ki Tāmaki Paenga Hira

He kaupapa nui mō te Māori te Ture o Tāmaki Paenga Hira, i hainatia i te tau 1996. Ka hāngai tonu te ture ki ngā mātāpono o te Tiriti o Waitangi me ngā tikanga Māori e pā ana ki te tiaki a ngā whare taonga i te taonga. Kātahi ka hangā i runga i taua ture ngā Taumata-ā-Iwi o te Poari o Tāmaki Paenga Hira. Ko ngā iwi o te taumata ko Ngāti Whātua-o-Ōrākei, ko Waikato-Tainui me Ngāti Pāoa. Nō te tau 1997 ka ārahi te Taumata-ā-Iwi i te hokinga o Pūkaki (te tipuna whakairo i runga i te kapa 20 hēneti) ki āna uri o Ngāti Whakaue me Te Arawa whānui.

Ngā Kaitiaki Māori me Te Kāhui Whare Taonga o Aotearoa

I te paunga o te tekau tau 1990 ka whakamātau te Kāhui Whare Taonga o Aotearoa ki te whakauru i ngā tikanga Māori ki ōna kaupapa whānui. Heoi kāore tonu ētahi o ngā kaiwhakahaere Pākehā i whakapono he take tō te Māori ki ō rātou whakahaere. Nō te pokapū o te tekau tau 1990 ka hanga ēnei kaiwhakahaere i te Uepū Whare Taonga. Ā, nō te tau 1999 ka taka te Kāhui Whare Taonga; te Uepū Whare Taonga me ngā Kaitiaki Māori (ngā kaimahi Māori o ngā whare taonga) ki raro i te mana o Ngā Whare Taonga o Aotearoa.

Me pēnei te tohu i te whārangi:

Paora Tapsell, 'Ngā whare taonga - Te whai kanohi a te Māori ki ngā whare taonga, mai i te tau 1987 ki te tau 2000', Te Ara - the Encyclopedia of New Zealand, http://www.TeAra.govt.nz/mi/nga-whare-taonga/page-4 (accessed 30 March 2024)

He kōrero nā Paora Tapsell, i tāngia i te 22 Oct 2014