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Kōrero: Waitere, Tene

Whārangi 1: Haurongo

Waitere, Tene

1853/1854?–1931

Nō Ngāti Tarāwhai; he tohunga whakairo

I tuhia tēnei haurongo e Roger Neich, ā, i tāngia tuatahitia ki Ngā Tāngata Taumata Rau i te 1996. He mea whakamāori nā Ngā Tangata Taumata Rau.

He uri a Tene Waitere nō Ngāti Tarāwhai. He whanaunga ēnei nō Ngāti Pikiao rāua ko Tūhourangi o Te Arawa o Rotorua. Ko Ani Pape tōna whaea, hei tamāhine mā Te Rāhui, tētehi o ngā tino kaihautū o Ngāti Tarāwhai. E whakaekea ana a Rotorua e Ngāpuhi i te tau 1823, e tamariki tonu ana a Ani ka mau hereheretia. Kawea mōkaitia ana ia ki Te Tai Tokerau ka whakauruhia kia moe i a Waitere. I whānau a Tene ki Mangamuka i te tau 1853 pea, i te tau 1854 rānei.

E tino tamariki tonu ana a Tene, ka whakahokia a Ani Pape rātau ko ana tamariki tokorua e tētehi o ana pāpā ki Rotorua. I whakanōhia rātau ki Ruatō i Te Rotoiti. I reira ka akona a Tene ki te whakairo e Wero Tāroi, te tohunga o te wānanga whakairo o Ngāti Tarāwhai. Ahakoa i mahi anō pea a Tene ki te tārai i ētehi o ngā waka whakairo, waka nunui whakamutunga, i puta kē ōna rongo i āna mahi i ētehi whare nui hou i Rotorua, me Taupō i te taha o Wero, o Ānaha Te Rāhui me Neke Kapua.

I moe a Tene i a Ruihi Te Ngahue o Tūhourangi. Haere tonu ai rāua ki Te Wairoa me Te Ariki, noho ai i te taha o te iwi o Ruihi. He wā anō ka mahi ia i te taha o Wero me ētehi atu tohunga whakairo o Te Arawa ki te hanga whare. Ka whānau tā rāua huatahi, he wahine, ko Tuhipō (Rimupae) te īngoa. Nō te hūnga o Tarawera i te tau 1886, e noho ana a Tene rātau ko tōna whānau i Te Wairoa; ko rātau ētehi o ngā mōrehu i noho ki te whare whakairo rongonui, ki Hinemihi whakaruru ai. Nā te aroha o Ngāti Wāhiao, ka tukua he whenua mō rātau ko tōna whānau i Ngāpuna me Te Whakarewarewa. Ahakoa he wā korekore tēnei, i taea e Tene tōna whānau te whāngai. Pau ai ōna kaha ki te kimi kai, ki te hī ika me te hanga whare. Nō muri nei, puta ana te nui o te moni i āna mahi whakairo hei hoko.

Nō te tau 1892, ka utua e Charles E. Nelson, te kaiwhakahaere o te Hōtēra Ngāwhā (Geyser Hotel) i Te Whakarewarewa, a Tene kia noho hei kaiwhakairo taonga māna. I oti i a ia ētehi rākau nui te whakairo i roto i tana wharemahi i muri tonu o te hōtēra, hei whakapaipai i te hōtēra me ngā wāhi ngāwhā. He paipa hei kai tupeka, he tokotoko me ngā tauira o ngā taonga tawhito ngā whakairo i mahia e ia hei hoko ki te Pākehā. He maha tonu ngā rangatira e whakaeke mai ana ki Rotorua, tae atu ki ngā Kīngi o Peretānia me ō rātau whānau, i whakawhiwhia ki ana taonga. Ko tētehi mahi nui āna, ko tana hanganga i te whare, i a Rauru mō te tangata nei, mō Nelson; he whare tēnei i whakairo katoatia, e whakaatu ana i te hunga pūrākau i kōwhitia e ngā kaiārahi hei whakamārama i ngā kōrero tuku iho o Rotorua ki ngā tūruhi. Nō te hokonga o Rauru i te tau 1903, ka riro i te whare tongarewa (Museum fūr Vōlkerkunde) i Hamapeka (Hamburg). Nō te tau 1904, i hokona mai e Nelson ētehi whakairo tawhito a Ngāti Tarāwhai, kātahi ka whakamahia e ia ngā tāngata nā rātau i mahi aua whakairo, ki te hanga whare nui hou mō āna tūruhi, ko Nuku-te-apiapi te īngoa. I whakaritea a Tene hei hanga whare nui mō te hunga Pākehā mātau nei. Kāore i roa ka oti i a ia he tauira whare nui pakupaku nei hei whakangata i te hiahia o te hunga rā.

He kaha kē ake te rerenga kētanga i kitea i ngā mahi whakairo a Tene i tērā e kitea ana i ngā mahi a ngā kaiwhakairo o tōna reanga. Ko ngā whare i mahia e Tene ko Te Tiki‑o-Tamamutu, ko Kearoa, ko Rauru, ko Tūhoromatakaka, ko Uenukukōpako, ko Tiki me Hinemihi. Ko ngā taonga i oti i a Tene te whakairo i te kāinga i Te Whakarewarewa, ko ngā tomokanga, ko tētehi wāhi o te whare i whakaīngoatia ko Hatupatu, he pātaka itiiti me te nuinga o ngā tekoteko o te pā tūwatawata. I te wāhi ngāwhā tonu o Te Whakarewarewa nāna i whakairo te pūhara o te kaiwhakaararara, ā, he tapawaru nei. I te hōtēra nui (Grand Hotel) i Ākarana (Auckland) me te hōtēra nui (Grand Hotel) i Rotorua ētehi matapihi nui nāna i whakairo. Āpiti atu ko tētehi poupou, he tōpū māhunga e tītohu ana, he mea whakaahua ka whakaurua ki Māori art, he pukapuka nā Ākuhata Hamutana (Augustus Hamilton). Nāna i whakairo te tāwharau mō te whakapakoko o te māhunga o Kuini Wikitōria i Ōhinemutu me te kūwaha whakapaipai kei te taha o te moana i Taupō.

Nō ngā tau tōmuri i te tekau tau atu i 1890, i te wā kua kaha haere te hokongia o ngā taputapu toi me ērā atu taonga tūturu a te iwi Māori, ko te tangata tino huhua nei āna whakairo ko Tene. Taea noatia ana te whakaauau āna tauira waiwai, paku noa nei te whakarerekē, tē hua ai te whakaaro e whakatōpūtia ana te mahi. I te rironga ko te Pākehā hei whāriki i te utu o āna mahi, tupu ai tōna kaha ki te whakairo taonga kāore anō kia kitea ki Rotorua i tērā wā. Kitea ana i roto i ēnei mahi āna, te awe o te Pākehā e pā ana ki te ariā o te wā me te ātea; nō te ao tūroa te āhua o ēnei mahi, tino rerekē nei tōna hanga i āna mahi haratau o mua. I whakairohia e ia te tekoteko e tāhapa ana te huanga, e kōkiri atu ana rānei ki tētehi taha o te poupou, ā, nā te nui o te kaha i whakapaua ki te oma, whakatakawiritia ana e ia ngā tinana; he mea whakamātautau ia ki te whakapoto kia kitea ai ka pēhea rā te āhua o te titiro, hangaia ana e ia he pikitia kōrero hei whakaatu i ngā pakiwaitara a te iwi. Ka mahi whakairo ana ia mā te tangata Māori, kāre rawa ia e whakauru ana he mahi tauhou ki roto. Mai ka mutu tana whakairo mā te Pākehā i te tau 1912, ka whakahokia anō e ia āna mahi ki tā te tikanga tuku iho me te haratau.

Atu i te tau 1902 ki 1910 hipahipa noa te mahi a Tene mā te Tari Tūruhi me ngā Whakatauanga Hauora (Department of Tourist and Health Resorts). He mea whakamahi ia ki te hanga whakairo mō te pā tauira Māori e mahia ana i Te Whakarewarewa. Nō te tau 1910, i haere ia i te taha o te kapa haka o Maggie Papakura ki Poihākena (Sydney) ki te whakatū kāinga tauira Māori i Clontarf, ki te whakaatu hoki i te whakairo ki ngā manuhiri. I te waihangatanga o te Kura Whakairo i Rotorua i te tau 1927 hei whakaako i ngā kaiwhakairo me ērā anō o ngā kaitaurima, ka noho a Tene hei whakapāpātanga mō ngā mahi whakahoahoa me te whakaoti hoki i te mahi.

Ka mutu te Pakanga Tuatahi, ka whakahoahoatia e Tene he whakamaharatanga mō ētehi marae e rua. Ko tana mahi whakamutunga ko te hoahoa anō i te whakamaharatanga ki tana tamāhine, he mea whakatū tonu ki te kāinga o tana mokopuna, o Rangitīaria (Guide Rangi) i Te Whakarewarewa. Nō te 28 o Ākuhata o te tau 1931, e toru wiki i muri mai i te huranga o taua whakamaharatanga, ka mate a Tene i te kāinga o Rangitīaria. Kei te urupā o Ngāti Tarāwhai i Ruatō ia e takoto ana. Kāre e mōhiotia ana te rā i mate ai a Ruihi Te Ngahue.

E ai ki ngā whakamārama a Rangitīaria, kore rawa a Tene Waitere i mōhio ki te kōrero Pākehā, ki te pānui pukapuka, ki te tuhituhi rānei. Nōna ka noho i Ruatō, ka piri ia kite Hāhi Ringatū; nō te wā ki muri nei, ka hangaia e ia te whare karakia Ringatū, a Tiki, i Ōhinemutu. He pūmau nō Tene ki ngā tapu o te Ringatū, ka whakatupuria e ia tana tamāhine me tana mokopuna i runga i ngā tikanga o te hāhi. Kāti nō te mutunga iho ko ia tonu tētehi o ngā tohunga whakairo i tīmata ki te whakanoa i ētehi o ngā tapu i runga i ngā whakairo Māori.

Kei ngā whakaahua o Tene Waitere e kitea ana te rahirahi o tōna hanga, te korotūangaanga o te kanohi; kitea ana hoki te whakaaro pono me te tūtohu o tōna whaiaro. I roto i ngā mahi hautū e pā ana ki a Ngāti Tarāwhai, kāre kau ia i tino kitea atu. Tērā pea, i te ngaro ia i ngā āhuatanga o te iwi nā āna mahi mā te Pākehā, nā tana noho rānei i Te Whakarewarewa, nā te whānautanga rānei i roto i te hereheretanga. Ahakoa rā, i roto i te rohe o Rotorua, ko ia te tohunga whakairo i kitea nuitia i ērā wā. Ahakoa te hoko a te Pākehā me ngā tāngata kohikohi taonga i āna mahi, i whai tonu ia i te hōhonutanga o ngā tikanga tuku iho, me te ngākau tapatahi.

Me pēnei te tohu i te whārangi:

Roger Neich. 'Waitere, Tene', Dictionary of New Zealand Biography, first published in 1996. Te Ara - the Encyclopedia of New Zealand, https://teara.govt.nz/mi/biographies/3w1/waitere-tene (accessed 29 March 2024)