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Kōrero: Te Umuroa, Hōhepa

Whārangi 1: Haurongo

Te Umuroa, Hōhepa

?–1847

Nō Te Āti Haunui-a-Pāpārangi; he taitama, he mauhere tōrangapū

I tuhia tēnei haurongo e Ruth Wilkie, ā, i tāngia tuatahitia ki Ngā Tāngata Taumata Rau i te 1990. He mea whakamāori nā Ngā Tangata Taumata Rau.

He uri a Hōhepa Te Umuroa nō Ngāti Hau hapū o Te Āti Haunui-a-Pāpārangi. Ko te āhua nei i whānau a ia i ngā tau tuatahi o 1820. Kāore i te mōhiotia ko wai ōna mātua. I tipu ake tēnei tangata hei tangata hūroaroa, neke atu i te ono putu tōna roa. He rahi he tōrire te māhunga o tēnei tangata. Na, ko tōna moko kāore i oti. He wāhanga noa iho o te taha mauī o tōna kanohi, i tāia. I ngā kōrero a tōna iwi, kāore a ia i moe wahine.

He kaimahi noa iho te mahi a Te Umuroa mō tētehi wā nei, ēngari, nō te mau patutanga a Te Rangihaeata o Ngāti Toa hei ātete i ngā Pākehā e nohonoho ana i te rohe o Pōneke (Wellington) i te tau 1846, ka uru atu ia ki tētehi taua Māori nō Whanganui. Kātahi ka hiki te taua nei ki Taupō, ki te pā o Te Rangihaeata i Pari-ā-rua (Porirua). I Mei o 1846, i roto ia i te ope taua nāna i tuki te pāmu a Almon Boulcott i Te Awakairangi (Hutt Valley). Koia nei te take i mau hereheretia ai a Te Rauparaha e Kāwana Hōri Kerei (George Grey) i Hūrae o 1846. Kīhai a Te Rauparaha i whakawātia, ēngari i pupurihia noatia ki te kaipuke Calliope, ā, i muri iho, ka haria ki Ākarana (Auckland).

I te 14 o Ākuhata 1846, ka raru ko Te Umuroa. I raru anō i ngā mahi tinihanga a Kāwana Kerei. I mau herehere te tokowhitu o rātou o Whanganui i tētehi wāhi e pātata ana ki Paripari, i ngā puke o Pāuatahanui i Pari-ā-rua. Ko Te Umuroa tētehi. Ko te tokoono o ōna hoa herehere ko Te Waretiti, ko Matiu Tikiaki, ko Te Kumete, ko Tōpi, ko Mātaiumu me Te Rāhui. Ko ngā ngārahu o te ope taua o Te Āti Awa nāna rātou i whakarau, ko Āperahama Ngātohu rāua ko Nepetarima Ngauru. He wāhanga tēnei ope nō te ngohi o Te Āti Awa, ā; neke atu i te hokorima tāngata tōna kaha. Nā Wiremu Kīngi Te Rangitāke i whakatōpū rātou, hei āwhina i te kāwana ki te kimi i ngā tuarā o Te Rangihaeata. I te putanga atu o te ope taua nei ki ngā whare i reira rā a Te Umuroa mā e whakaruru ana, i ringaringa atu rātou i te tuatahi kātahi anō ka mau hereheretia a Te Umuroa mā. I a rātou e hoki atu ana ki Waikanae, ka tūtaki ki a Haihana R. B. Sayer o ngā Pirihimana Mau Pū (Armed Police Force). Ko te hokinga atu tērā o Sayer, hei maru haerenga mō ngā herehere ki te whare herehere i Waikanae. Āhua roa tonu i muri iho, ka tonoa rātou ki te kaipuke Calliope hei hoa mō Te Rauparaha.

I raro i te ture hōia e whakahaeretia ana i te rohe o Whanganui i taua wā, ko te tikanga ia, me pā ngā ture herehere mō te hōia ki a rātou. Hei tā Kerei he kaiwhana kē rātou i te mana o te Kuini. Ka whakahaua e ia kia whakahaerehia he kōti hōia he āhua taupetupetu nei te mana, hei whakawā i a rātou. Ka whaikupu anō hoki ia ki taua kōti ki te whiu ina whakaae te hunga nei ki ō rātou hara. Kotahi anake te kaiāwhina i a Te Umuroa mā i te kōti, he tangata mātau ki ngā reo e rua, arā, Pākehā, Māori. Kīhai he mea o rātou i mōhio ki te reo Pākehā hei wawao i a rātou, ā, kāore hoki i tukuna he rōia hei tautohe i tō rātou noho kore hara. Nō te 12 o Oketopa 1846, ka whakaae rātou ki ō rātou hara. Kātahi ka whiua: mō te whana i te mana o te Kuini; mō te āwhina i a Te Rangihaeata me te mau tāhae i tētehi o ngā pū a te Kuini. Ko te whakatau a te Kōti, me hari ngā tāngata kino pēnei i a rātou nei ki rāwāhi mau hereheretia ai, ā mate noa.

Nō muri i te whakawātanga ka mauria te tokowhitu nei ki Ākarana mō te mau ki te tāone o Hobart i Van Diemen's Land (Tasmania), ā, atu i reira ki tētehi o ngā wāhi noho mō te hunga herehere. Nō te 16 o Noema, ka ū te kaipuke a te Castor ki Hobart. Tekau mā rua o tōna utanga he herehere. Tokorima o rātou he Māori nō te rōpū o Te Umuroa. I puritia e Kerei a Matiu Tikiaki me Tōpi ki Ākarana. Ko tōna tikanga hei kaiwhakaatu i ngā mahi a Te Rauparaha, ina ka whakawākina ia.

I te putanga atu o ngā herehere Māori nei ki Hobart, ka mīharo te hunga i reira ki ō rātou kākahu Māori. I torohia atu rātou e ngā kaituhituhi nūpepa o reira, ka tino whakahētia ngātahitia e rātou te kino o te wāhi noho o ngā Māori i runga i te kaipuke me te kaupapa whakapako herehere. Ko te tikanga ia ko te motu o Norfolk te taunga whakamutunga mō ngā herehere. Heoti, nā C. J. La Trobe, te Rūtene Kāwana Kairīwhi o Van Diemen's Land, te whakatau kia tonoa rātou ki te teihana poropeihana o Darlington i te motu o Maria, nō te mea he āhua ngāwari te whiu a te ture i reira. Na, ko tēnei motu, kei waho paku atu i te takutai o Van Diemen's Land. I reira, ka wehea mai rātou i te whare moe i hangaia mō te 400 herehere, ka tukuna atu ētehi mahau motuhake mō rātou. Ahakoa rā, ka noho tonu rātou hei mea hei whakamīharotango mā te tangata. Nā John Skinner Prout, he tohunga tā, i tā ngā whakaahua o ngā Māori tokorima nei. Ko te whare whakaahua o New South Wales te kaipupuri o ēnei taonga. Tērā atu anō tētehi whakaahua o Te Umuroa e toe mai ana. Ko te kī nā William Duke i tā.

I te pokapūtanga o Āperira 1847, ka tino taumaha a Te Umuroa i te mate kohi. I te roanga ake o te hōtoke kua tino kaha rawa atu tōna taumaha. Nō te 19 o Hūrae 1847, ka tuhia e J. J. Imrie, te tumuaki o ngā kaitiaki herehere ki tana pukapuka tuhi-ā-rā te kōrero, arā, i te whā karaka i te ata ka toro atu ia i ngā Māori. Ka heipū atu ko Hōhepa e whakahemohemo ana. Kotahi hāora i muri mai ka mate. Auināke i te ata ka whakaritea kia nehua a Te Umuroa ki te urupā ā-iwi iti nei, kaua ki te urupā mō ngā herehere. He harapaki hāhā te wāhi i rohea mō taua urupā nei. Na, ko te karakia nehu nā Imrie i whakahaere i te reo Māori. I whakaarahia he pōhatu whakamaumaharatanga ki a Te Umuroa ki te wāhi i nehua rā ia, ēngari, kāore te kaioha i hiahia kia mōhiotia ia.

Nā te matenga o Te Umuroa i wero ngā mana whakahaere o Ahitereiria kia oho ki te whakatikatika i ngā hē. Nā La Trobe me te tari mō ngā whenua o tāwāhi (Colonial Office), i āta titiro menā i whai mana te kōti hōia i raro i te ture ki te whakawā, ki te whakapako hoki i a Te Umuroa mā. Ko tōna mutunga, i tukuna te mōrehu tokowhā o rātou kia hoki ki Ākarana i Maehe o 1848. Ēngari ko Te Umuroa, nō te tau 1988 rā anō ōna kōiwi i whakahokia mai ai ki te kāinga. E toru tau ngā kāwanatanga o Aotearoa me Ahitereiria e whakariterite ana i tēnei take, ka tatū. Te whakawhitinga atu tēnā o ngā kaumātua tokoono o te iwi o Te Umuroa ki Tasmania ki te whakahoki mai i ōna kōiwi ki tōna ake wā kāinga. Nō te 8 o Ākuhata 1988, ka nehua tuaruatia a Te Umuroa ki te urupā o Rōma i Hiruhārama kāinga i roto i te awa o Whanganui.

Me pēnei te tohu i te whārangi:

Ruth Wilkie. 'Te Umuroa, Hōhepa', Dictionary of New Zealand Biography, first published in 1990. Te Ara - the Encyclopedia of New Zealand, https://teara.govt.nz/mi/biographies/1t80/te-umuroa-hohepa (accessed 30 March 2024)