Kōrero: Tapa whenua

Whārangi 3. Ngā tikanga me ngā ingoa mai i Te Moananui-a-Kiwa

Ngā whakaahua me ngā rauemi katoa o tēnei kōrero

Ngā kōrero tuku iho

He wā ka heria ngā kōrero katoa mai i tēnā moutere ki tēnā moutere ki tēnā moutere. Hei tauira, i te moutere o Taha‘a ki Tahiti, tētahi taniwha ko ‘Aifa‘arua. Ko tāna, he whakamataku i ngā iwi e haere ana i waenganui i a Taha‘a me Motue‘a. Nāwai, ka patua te taniwha nei e tētahi tangata nō Ara‘ura. He mea kawe tēnei kōrero ki Aotearoa ka pēnei te takoto: He taniwha a Kaiwhakaruaki, i noho ki te kōawa o Parapara kei te takiwā o Aorere. Kainga ai e te taniwha nei ngā tāngata e haere ana i waenganui i a Tākaka me Motueka. Nā tētahi tangata nō Arahura a Kaiwhakaruaki i patu kia hemo.

Ngā ingoa wāhi

Ko ētahi ingoa wāhi i kawea haeretia hei whakaatu i ētahi āhuatanga. Tapaina ai ngā moutere o Te Moananui-a-Kiwa kei te kuhunga ki tētahi whanga, ko Motutapu. Ka noho ēnei moutere hei okiokinga mō ngā iwi haere moana hei mua i te taenga ki te tūwhenua. Ko ētahi o ngā wāhi kitea ai he Motutapu ko: te ngutu o te whanga o Tongatapu i Tonga, te ara moana o Te Avanui i Borabora, te ara moana o Te Arearahi, kei waenganui i a Ra‘iatea me Taha‘a. Ka hoki ki Aotearoa, he Motutapu kei te ngutu o Te Waitematā, ā, he Motutapu kei te raki mā-rāwhiti o Te Wai Pounamu. Ka tapaina ko Motutapu ngā moutere whakaruru kei ngā wai o Te Rotoruanui-a-Kahumatamomoe me Wanaka.

Ngā ingoa wāhi takirua

Hikurangi me Aorangi

Tīkina atu ai ngā ingoa o Aorangi me Hikurangi i Tahiti, kawea ai ki Rarotonga, ā, whakanōhia ai ki ngā wāhi maha ki Aotearoa. He tino maunga ki te Māori a Aorangi rāua ko Hikurangi. Hei tā Te Hokuwai o Te Āti Haunui-a-Pāpārangi, i te orokohanga o te ao, ko Hikurangi te wāhi tuatahi o whitingia e te rā:

Ka tau te rangi
Te ata tuhi
Te ata rapa
Te ata ka māhina
Ka māhina te ata i Hikurangi.

Ka mauria haeretia ēnei ingoa maunga i Te Moananui-a-Kiwa e ngā tūpuna o te iwi Maori.

Ko Aora‘i te maunga teitei tuarua o Tahiti, ko Hi‘ura‘i kei te tū tata. He maunga ikeike a ‘Ikurangi i Rarotonga, ko te tāone matua a Avarua kei tōna pūtake. Ko te maunga o Arorangi kei tētahi taha o te moutere kē. Ko ngā maunga Hikurangi puta noa, he maunga tiaki.

Ko Tamatea ki wāhi kē

Ko Taumata-whakatangihanga-kōauau-o-tamatea-turi-pūkaka-piki-maunga-horonuku-pōkai-whenua-ki-tāna-tahu te ingoa roa rawa atu ki Aotearoa. Hei tā Ngāti Kahungunu he kōrero tēnei mō tō rātou tipuna a Tamatea; heoi, hei tā Rangitāne, ehara i a Tamatea, he kōrero kē tēnei mō tō rātou tupuna a Tāne-nui-a-rangi.

Tū kotahi ai ngā maunga a Hikurangi rāua ko Aorangi i te pae maunga o Ruahine i te taha rāwhiti o Te Ika-a-Māui. Waihoki, e ono, neke atu rānei ngā wāhi i Aotearoa tū kotahi ai ngā maunga e rua nei. I haerea katoatia ai ēnei wāhi e te tipuna a Tamatea. I kawea ngā ingoa nei ki Te Wai Pounamu mā ngā ara tauhokohoko, e Tahumatua, rātou ko Tahupōtiki, ko Tamatea-pōkai-whenua – he tipuna o Ngāti Kahungunu. Tū ai he Hikuraki ki Te Hoiere (Pelorus Sound) me te awa o Te Wairau. I ngā rā o mua ko Hikuraki te ingoa tūturu o Hakaroa (Banks Peninsula), tae atu ki tētahi roto iti i Murihiku. Ko Aoraki te maunga teitei rawa ki Te Wai Pounamu.

Ētahi atu ingoa wāhi

Tērā ētahi ingoa he mea kawe ki Aoteroa engari kīhai he whakamārama. Hei tauira, kei Rarotonga ētahi moutere ririki, ko Ātiu, ko Ahuahu (te ingoa tōmua o Mangaia). I kawea aua ingoa ki Aotearoa ka tapaa ki ētahi moutere e rua kei Tīkapa Moana.

Me pēnei te tohu i te whārangi:

Rāwiri Taonui, 'Tapa whenua - Ngā tikanga me ngā ingoa mai i Te Moananui-a-Kiwa', Te Ara - the Encyclopedia of New Zealand, http://www.TeAra.govt.nz/mi/tapa-whenua/page-3 (accessed 24 April 2024)

He kōrero nā Rāwiri Taonui, i tāngia i te 24 Nov 2008