The custom that recently naturalised new citizens swear allegiance to the Queen and loyalty to New Zealand at public ceremonies began in 1955. At these ceremonies new citizens are presented with certificates by the local mayor, join in singing ‘God defend New Zealand’ and enjoy the mayor’s hospitality. This photograph shows the first naturalisation ceremony held in Wellington. Miroslav Josef Smutny, born in Czechoslovakia, submits his naturalisation certificate for signing by the mayor, R. L. Macalister, and a representative of the Department of Internal Affairs, Ted Fairway.