Kōrero: Ngā tāone nui

Nō te tuwheratanga o te ao ki a rātou, ka tāwhai te Māori i runga kaipuke ki te mātakitaki i te ao o ngā Pākehā me ngā tikanga hangarau hou kei Poihākena me Ingarangi. Ko te hunga rangatira i haere ki Rānana, ka powhirihia e ngā roera o reira. Hāunga ki Niu Tīreni, i te tūhanga o ngā tāone kaitā, ka riro ngā whenua Māori.

He kōrero nā Aroha Harris
Te āhua nui: Ngā waka ki te Waitematā, 1853

He korero whakarapopoto

Ngā whakaahua me ngā rauemi katoa o tēnei kōrero

Ngā Māori ki Poihākena me Rānana

Atu i te otinga o te rau tau 1700, kua āmio haere kē te Māori i te ao, hei ētahi wā hei kauhoe i runga kaipuke. Ko Poihākena te tāone kaitā tuatahi kia kitea e te Māori. Ka haere ngā Māori ki reira ki te tūtaki i ngā āpiha me ngā mihinare Pākehā, me te kimi mātauranga hou.

Ko tētahi o ngā Māori tuatahi kia tae ki Rānana i te tau 1805, ko Moehanga o Ngāpuhi. I tū rā anō a ia ki mua i te aroaro o Kīngi Hōri III.

Tae rawa ki te tekau tau atu i 1840, neke atu i te 1,000 ngā Māori kua tae ki tāwāhi.

Ngā tāone tuatahi o Niu Tīreni

Ka tautoko te Māori i te noho Pākehā tōmua, ā, ka tauhokohoko i ngā taputapu me ngā kākahu. Ka whakaae rātou kia hoko whenua kia tū he tāone i runga i te whakaaro ka kaha ake te mahi tauhokohoko.

Kei Ōtepoti, ka whiriwhiri ngā rangatira o Ngāi Tahu i hokonga e noho ai te whakatekau o ō rātou whenua ki a rātou. Heoi, i te hangatanga o te whakaaetanga, hauwarea aua whenua rā. Whāia, ka haumate te iwi i ngā mate Pākehā. Nō te whakamanatanga o Ōtepoti hei tāone i te tau 1865, kua warea noa atu ngā Māori.

Ka haina ngā rangatira o Ngāi Tahu ki Ōtautahi i ngā whakaaetanga kia whakawehea ai he whenua rāhui. Heoi nō te rūritanga o te whenua, ka whakapakuhia ngā whenua rā, ka whakakorehia rānei.

Ka whakarite te Kamupene o Niu Tīreni kia hoko i ngā whenua o Te Whanganui-a-Tara mai i te hunga tokoiti. Nō te whakatewhatewhatanga i taua hoko, e 3,500 te nui o ngā Pākehā, 500–600 anake ngā Māori e noho ana ki taua rohe. Ka pupuri tonu te Māori ki ētahi o ngā whenua i whakataua mō rātou. I ngā tau tōmua o te rau tau 2000, e whakahaerehia ana ēnei whenua ki raro i te Kaitiakitanga Whakatekau o Te Whanganui-a-Tara.

He nui anō ngā whenua o Ngāti Whātua ki Tāmaki-makaurau i riro. Ko te pito whenua i toe ko Ōrākei, ā, i te tau 1951, ka riro tēnei ki te kāwanatanga. I te tūnga a Ākarana hei tāone i te tau 1871, ruarua noa ngā Māori i ngā tāone nunui.

Ngā Māori noho taiwhenua me te mātauranga

I te tau 1900, e 95 ōrau o Ngāi Māori e noho ana ki te taiwhenua. Ka haere ki te tāone ki ētahi mahi pakihi, ki te kura rānei.

Ka whakatūhia e ngā Katorika me ngā Mihinare ngā kura Māori, tamatāne, tamawāhine mai, ki Tāmaki me Ōtautahi. Tokoiti ēnei kura i whakapakari i ngā tauira mō te wā ā muri i te kura. Arā tonu ngā Māori i tae ki te whare wānanga. Ko Te Rangihīroa rāua ko Tūtere Wī Repa ngā tākuta Māori tuatahi, ko Āpirana Ngata te rōia Māori tuatahi. Ko te nēhi tuatahi ko Akenehi Hei.

Te hekenga nui ki ngā tāone

I te Pakanga Tuarua o te Ao, ka akiakina ngā Māori kīhai i whawhai kia nuku ki ngā tāone whai mahi ai. Kia tae ki te tau 1945, e 25 ōrau o te taupori Māori e noho ana ki ngā tāone. Ka akiaki ngā tari kāwanatanga kia heke te Māori ki ngā tāone, ā, nō te tau 1966, e 62 ōrau o te taupori Māori kei ngā tāone.

Te taunga ki te noho tāone

Ka taunga te Māori ki te noho tāone. I te tau 1937, ka whakatūhia te karapu o Ngāti Pōneke ki Te Whanganui-a-Tara hei huarahi mā ngā rangatahi Māori ki te whakakotahi mai me te whai wāhi ki ngā tikanga Māori.

Ka rapu haere ngā Māori i ngā whare karakia e haerea ana e te Māori me ngā whare karakia reo Māori.

Nāwai ā, ka whakatūhia he marae ki ngā tāone. Ko ētahi he tumu herenga nō ngā iwi maha, ā, ko ētahi ka hāngai ki te iwi kotahi. I tīmata ake te kōhanga reo me te kura kaupapa Māori ki ngā tāone. I te tekau tau atu i 1980, ka hua ake ngā whakahaerenga taituarā i ngā Māori kei ngā tāone.

Me pēnei te tohu i te whārangi:

Aroha Harris, 'Ngā tāone nui', Te Ara - the Encyclopedia of New Zealand, http://www.TeAra.govt.nz/mi/nga-taone-nui (accessed 20 April 2024)

He kōrero nā Aroha Harris, i tāngia i te 11 o Māehe 2010