Kōrero: Ngā karakia a te Māori

Whārangi 5. Ngā whakahaerenga tikanga

Ngā whakaahua me ngā rauemi katoa o tēnei kōrero

Nā te mea kei ngā mea katoa te mana, te tapu me te mauri, mā te karakia me te whakahaerenga tikanga tau ai te taha wairua. Ko te nuinga o ēnei whakahaerenga tikanga mā te tohunga rānō.

E ai ki Te Rangi Hīroa ko te whakahaerenga tikanga ‘the form of conducting the whole rite relating to one subject and it may include various ceremonial acts in addition to the chanting of appropriate karakia' (ko te whakahaerenga katoa mō tētahi kaupapa kotahi tae atu ki ngā tikanga me ngā karakia hāngai katoa).1

Tūā

Ka tapaina te tamaiti whai muri i te motunga o te tāngaengae. Ka tākina te karakia tūā ki te wāhi tonu i whānau mai ai te tamaiti. Ko tōna tikanga he hiki i te tapu i te whaea me te tamaiti, e hauora ai hoki te tamaiti.

Tohi

Whai muri te tohi i te tūā. He mea kawe tēnei karakia ki te wai tapu. Hei tohi tēnei i te tamaiti ki ōna atua. Ka mutu ko ngā tamatāne ka tohia ki a Tumatauenga, ko ngā tamawahine ki a Hineteiwaiwa.

Pure

Whai muri i te tohi ko te pure. Mā konei whakaū rawa te mana ki roto i te tamaiti. Ko ngā pakeke i whai wāhi ki te tohi me te pure ka whakanoahia ki te taha tonu o te paepae turuma, ki tētahi kōawa rānei.

Rāhui

Ka ūhia hoki he tapu ki ngā wāhi, ki ngā mea rānei hei rāhui i te haere atu a te tangata. Ka rāhuitia pea he wāhi mate ai te tangata. Hei tauira, ki te toremi te tangata, ka rāhuitia taua wai e te rangatira, e te tohunga rānei e kore ai te hunga kūare e poka noa.

Tā i te kawa

Ko te tā i te kawa he tikanga whakatūwhera i te whare hou, hei whakarewa rānei i te waka hou. Ka heria hoki tēnei i ngā whakawhānautanga, i te pakanga rānei.

Ngā hua tuatahi

Rokohanga atu he atua mō ngā mahinga kai katoa ahakoa māra, kohi kai rānei. Ko ngā huamata ka tukua hei amonga ki ngā atua.

  • I te wā e hī ika ana, ko te ika tuatahi ka whakahokia ki te moana ki tōna atua ki a Tangaroa. Tērā te kōrero mō te tama a Ruatepupuke a Manuruhi, ka hao ika, ā, kāore i tuku karakia ki a Tangaroa, kāore hoki i whakahoki i te mātāika. Nā te riri, ka kahaki a Tangaroa i a Manuruhi ki raro i te moana, ā, hurihia ia hei tekoteko mō runga i tōna wharenui.
  • Ko ngā kūmara tuatahi ka tukuna ki te atua o te hauhake ki a Rongo. Ko ēnei kūmara he mea whakatipu ki māra kē ki te māra tautāne.
  • Ko te manu tuatahi i mau ka tukuna ki a Tāne, atua o te ngahere.
  • Ko te mātāika o te pakanga, arā ko te ika i te ati ka tukuna ki a Tumatauenga.

Te hiki tapu

He maha hoki ngā karakia hei hiki i te tapu e noho noa ai te tangata.

Ngau paepae

Tērā ngā kairangahau tikanga tangata tokorua nei a Allan rāua ko Louise Henson i rangahau tuhinga tawhito mō te tikanga o te ngau paepae. Ko tā rāua whakataunga, kāore ngā atua i mataku ki te turuma pērā i te tangata – inā te tauira ko te kakenga o Rupe ki te kāinga o te atua o Rēhua, e marara ana te para tūtae – nā reira ko te ngau paepae he hari mai i te tapu o reira, he whakahoki atu rānei.

Ko te whakahoro he tikanga hei hiki i te tapu o te tangata mā te wai. Ko tētahi atu tikanga ko te hurihanga takapau. I whakamahia tēnei karakia e Māui hei hiki i te tapu o Te Ika-a-Māui.

Whāngai hau

Ko tētahi wāhanga o te whāngai hau he amo kai ki te atua, arā, he whāngai i te hau ki tētahi atua.

Ngau paepae

He tikanga tēnei hei whakakaha i te tapu o te toa mō te pakanga me te hiki i ētahi o ngā tapu.

Kupu tāpiri
  1. Peter Buck, The coming of the Maori. Te Whanganui-a-Tara: Whitcombe & Tombs, 1950, wh. 500. Back
Me pēnei te tohu i te whārangi:

Basil Keane, 'Ngā karakia a te Māori - Ngā whakahaerenga tikanga', Te Ara - the Encyclopedia of New Zealand, http://www.TeAra.govt.nz/mi/nga-karakia-a-te-maori/page-5 (accessed 25 April 2024)

He kōrero nā Basil Keane, i tāngia i te 5 May 2011