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Kōrero: Tamarau Waiari

Whārangi 1: Haurongo

Tamarau Waiari

1835–1904

Nō Tūhoe; he rangatira, he tohunga

I tuhia tēnei haurongo e Wharehuia Milroy, ā, i tāngia tuatahitia ki Ngā Tāngata Taumata Rau i te 1993. He mea whakamāori nā Ngā Tangata Taumata Rau.

Ko Tamarau Waiari, ko ōna atu īngoa anō ko Te Mākarini Te Wharehuia, ko Te Mākarini Kaikino otiia, he rangatira manu taupua nō ōna hapū pākanga kiritahi o Ngāti Koura, o Ngāi Te Riu, o Ngāti Muriwai, o Ngāti Hinekura nō roto o te iwi o Tūhoe. Ko tōna matua ko Waiari (ko Paenoa tētahi o ōna īngoa), ko Hera tōna whaea. I whānau i te tau 1835 i te rohe o Ngāti Maru ki Hauraki i a Ngāti Koura e torotoro ana i ō rātau whanaunga o reira, ā, ki te hoko pū ngutu pārera. I a rātau e hoki mai ana ki Ruatāhuna ka tukia rātau e tētahi taua nō roto i a Ngāti Hauā. I te wā e ākina ana te taua rā ka hunaia a Tamarau e tōna matua ki roto i tētahi rākau. I hinga a Waiari i tēnei riri ka riro a Tamarau mā te tuakana o tōna pāpā, mā Te Ahoaho e tiaki, ā, nāna ngā mōrehu i ārahi anō ki te takiwā o Ngāti Maru i Hauraki. He mea tito e te tuakana o Tamarau, e Piki tētahi waiata hei whakapūmau i te rongo o Kūmara, te tipuna kuia o Tamarau, wahine tuatoru a Te Ngahuru. He whakamahara te waiata nei i tōna momo kāwai, i ōna pānga whenua me tōna taru toa.

Kua whā tau pea te pakeke o Tamarau, ka mahue i a Ngāti Koura a Hauraki kia hoki ki Ruatāhuna. Nō konā ka tukuna ia e Te Ahoaho ki Ōpōtiki kia akona mai i te kura mihingare. Nō tōna mōhiotanga ki te tuhituhi, ki te pānui pukapuka, ka hoki ki Ruatāhuna hai kaikauhau Karaitiana. Heoi taro ake, ka hoki anō ia ki ngā tikanga a tōna anō iwi, ka riro ko Te Ahoaho, tētahi tonu o ngā ruānuku o te iwi, hai ako i a ia. Ka whāngaia a Tamarau ki ngā kai mārō, ki ngā tātai kōrero me ngā tikanga a tōna iwi.

Ahakoa tōna taitamariki, ka uru atu ia ki ngā whakahaere tōrangapū whānui a te iwi. I kitea tōna ū me tōna niwhaniwha ki te whai i te kaupapa, ā, i whai īngoa nā te mea he kākā tarahae ki te kōrero; ko ōna whakapapa nō ngā tātai rangatira tonu o Tūhoe. Nō te moenga i a Mareta o Ngāti Hinekura hapū o Waikaremoana ka waiho tērā hai whakapākūhātanga mō ōna whakapapa, hai haumi atu mō ōna hapū ka mutu hai pareparenga i waenganui i a Tūhoe rāua ko Ngāti Kahungunu ki te taha tonga mahuru. Kāore he uri i puta i a rāua. Nō muri mai ka moea e ia a Hineana (Pirihira rānei) o Ngāi Te Riu ki Ruatāhuna; kotahi tā rāua tamāhine. Nā ēnei wāhine i mana ake ai hoki te rongonui o Tamarau ki Waikaremoana me Ruatāhuna, ki roto hoki i ngā take whānui a te iwi me ngā kaupapa tōrangapū. Nā te tuatoru o ngā wāhine a Tamarau, nā Roka o Ngāi Te Riu, kātahi anō ka puta tana uri tāne.

I te tau 1864 ka hiki a Hineana rāua ko Tamarau i roto i te taua o Tūhoe ki te pakanga ki ngā hōia a Peretānia me ērā a te kāwanatanga i raro i te mana o Pirikitea Tianara G. J. Carey i Ōrākau. Ka hinga a Hineana i konei, ka manawaweratia rātau ko te hunga i mate hai tohu i te riri me te pōuri o Tūhoe mō te huakore o tā rātau pakanga ki te tautāwhi i a Tainui. Ko tēnei te manawawera:

Ka hua 'hau ki te kōhā e huaki nei mō wai?
Kāore koa ko te maunutanga o te taniwha i te rua kōhā
I Matakuhia ko Te Ao, ko Te Muri, ko Horopāpera ki Whakapūnake
Ki Panekire ko Te Umuariki, ko Tūkāhara, ko Tapuwae
Ki Huiarau ko te hekenga o Te Kuru-o-te-marama
Hineana ki Ruatāhuna
I tangohia i te tihi o Manawarū
I a Mārata i a Penehio
Haere haukore atu rā koutou e tama mā ki te mate
Tērā a Tikitū, a Toihau
Nā Ngāwhārangi koi whakamakariri atu
Ki Pōhaturoa
Ehara i muri nei
Kia whakataukītia ko te uri
O Tūhoe moumou tangata ki te pō ē.

 

Ka hoki mai a Tamarau i Ōrākau ka nohonoho haere ki ēnei o ōna kāinga: ki Ōtenuku i Rūātoki, ki Te Purenga ki te tonga o Rūātoki, ki Rāroa ki te raki o Te Waimana, ki Ōpouriao takiwā ki Tāneatua me Ōwhakatoro ki te taha whaka-te-uru o Tāneatua. Nā ēnei kāinga ōna, ā, nā roto atu hoki i ngā huinga a te kōmihana whenua o Te Urewera i te wā 1898-‑1902, ka āhei atu a Ngāti Koura kia whai pānga ki ēnei whenua.

I te tau 1867, ka tukuna e Tamarau te tono mō te taha ki a Tūhoe ki te Kōti Kāpeneheihana i te wā e tū ana āna hui ki te rohe mai i Ngā Kurī-a-Whārei ki Tihirau (Bay of Plenty), otiia, ko te kaupapa ko ngā whenua o Ōpouriao i murua ai i raro i te mana o te Ture mō te Whakanoho i te Hunga Mārie (New Zealand Settlements Act) 1863. I rukea mai te take nei ki waho nō te urunga o Tūhoe i te riri i Ōrākau; mō te whakapae ko rātau ētahi i taka ki roto i te mahi kōhuru o te mihingare, o Te Wākana (C. S. Völkner), me te whakamarumaru hoki i te tangata nāna ia i patu, i a Kereopa Te Rau; mō te whakapae anō hoki i takahia e rātau te here a te ture kia kaua rātau e mau pū. Kātahi ka nohoia e Tamarau rātau ko ētahi atu o ngā rangatira o Tūhoe me ētahi o tōna iwi a Puketī Pā i Ōpouriao. Ko te kaupapa he ārai atu i ngā hōia me ngā tāngata whai e urutomo ana i ngā whenua o Tūhoe. Ka mau hereheretia rātau, ka haria ki Te Ana‑o-Muriwai i Whakatāne.

Ka tukuna a Tamarau, ka hoki ia ki Waikaremoana, ka noho atu i reira tae noa ki te wā ka whāia mai a Te Kooti ki te mano whenua o Te Urewera. I konā ka whai atu ia i a Te Kooti ēngari nā runga i ā rāua tautohetohe ki a rāua mō te āhua o ngā whakahaere o te riri ki ngā hōia, ka kawakawa hoki tērā ki a ia, ka matika, ka whakarērea e ia a Te Kooti; ko te tino ito i waenga i a rāua ko te rironga o tana wahine, o Mareta hai mauhere mā Te Kooti. I mau tonu ia ki te riri ki ngā hōia tae noa ki te tau 1870. Nō taua tau anō ka whakairia e rātau ko ōna hoa rangatira, e Te Whenuanui, e Paerau, e Te Ahikaiata me ētahi atu ā rātau patu o te riri.

Ko Tamarau tētahi o ngā rangatira o Tūhoe i uru atu ki te rōpū i kīia ai ko Te Whitu Tekau. Ko tā rātau mahi he whakatakoto tikanga, ture hoki mā te iwi kia riro mā rātau tonu rātau e whakahaere, kia tū motuhake mai i te kāwanatanga. I Hepetema o 1872 ko ia anake te rangatira o Tūhoe i whakaae kia hangā tētahi huarahi mai i Te Wairoa ki Waikaremoana. Ahakoa i kakī mārō, i whakatenetene ētahi o ngā ngārahu ahurei o Tūhoe, nā te wahapū, nā te manawanui ka hinga mai i a ia ki tana take.

Ko ia tonu tētahi o ngā pūkorero i whai wāhi nui tonu ai ki te rūnanga a Tūhoe rāua ko Ngāti Kahungunu i te 29 o Oketopa 1875, he hui i karangatia ki te whakatau i ngā tohenga mō ngā whenua i raupatutia, tae atu hoki ki te whakatau i ngā rohe i waenga i a rātau. I te wā i a Tamarau e takatū ana i roto i ngā take nui a te iwi, e kitea ana, e rangona ana te mana o Ngāti Koura, o Ngāti Hinekura me Ngāi Te Riu.

Ko te puiaki nui i mahue iho i a Tamarau i roto i ōna tauhekenga, ko te rārangi kōrero i whakatakotohia e ia mō ngā āhuatanga me ngā tikanga a ōna hapū, tae atu ki ngā tātai whakapapa i tukuna ai e ia ki te aroaro o te Kōmihana o Te Urewera. Nā āna kōrero i taea ai te here tūturu atu o ngā tono ki ō rātau whenua, otiia, he wāhanga nui tonu o āna kōrero i kuhua atu ki roto i te pukapuka a Te Peehi (Elsdon Best), arā, ko te pukapuka Tūhoe: children of the mist (1925). Nāna anō i tuku ētahi atu kōrero ki a Te Peehi, noho iho hoki ko ia tonu tētahi o ngā tino kaiwhakaatu mō ngā tātai kōrero o te iwi o Tūhoe, ngā tikanga, ngā kōrero tawhito, me te wāhanga nui tonu o ngā whakapapa i kohia ai. Nōna tētahi hinengaro mau pū ki te kōrero, ina hoki, e toru rā kē ia e kauwhata ana i ngā whakapapa o Ngāti Koura me ōna kaupekapeka katoa.

Ki te whakaaro, i mate a Tamarau Waiari i te tau 1904. Kotahi te uri, ko Takurua Tamarau, he tama i tipu ake i ōna rā i te tau 1928 hai pou mō roto o te Hāhi Ringatū, ā, atu ki tōna matenga, ko ia te ariki nui o roto o Tūhoe.

Me pēnei te tohu i te whārangi:

Wharehuia Milroy. 'Tamarau Waiari', Dictionary of New Zealand Biography, first published in 1993. Te Ara - the Encyclopedia of New Zealand, https://teara.govt.nz/mi/biographies/2t6/tamarau-waiari (accessed 29 March 2024)