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Kōrero: Te Kirikūmara, Īhāia

Whārangi 1: Haurongo

Te Kirikūmara, Īhāia

?–1873

Nō Te Āti Awa; he kaingārahu

I tuhia tēnei haurongo e Steven Oliver, ā, i tāngia tuatahitia ki Ngā Tāngata Taumata Rau i te 1990. He mea whakamāori nā Ngā Tangata Taumata Rau.

He rangatira a Te Kirikūmara nō Ōtaraua hapū o Te Āti Awa. I whānau ia ki Taranaki. Ko Piriraukawa tōna matua. I a ia e taitamariki tonu ana, kua mau rākau kē ia i roto i ngā pakanga a tōna iwi. Nō Noema o 1821, nō te tīmatanga rānei o 1822, ka maranga mai ko Waikato o te taiwhakararo ki Motunui. Ka whakatika atu ko Ōtaraua me Taranaki whānui tonu hei uku mō Te Rauparaha i Motunui. Ka hinga a Waikato. Nō te tau 1831, ka hiki ake te taua toto a Waikato ki te rautipu i a Taranaki. Ka pāhorotia ko Pukerangiora pā i te awa o Waitara. Heoti, waimarie i puta a Te Kirikūmara. I te Maehe o 1832, ko Te Kirikūmara tētahi o te ope ngaki mate nāna a Ngāti Maniapoto i huaki i Motutaua pā ki Mōkau. Nō te tau 1833, ka tomokia anō a Taranaki e Waikato, ka awhitia a Mikotahi pā. He pā moutere, e pātata ana ki Nū Pāremata (New Plymouth) o ēnei rā. Ko tētahi o ōna kaiwawao ko Te Kirikūmara. Kātahi ka whakahaeretia he rangaawatea, ka ū. Ko te whakataunga ia, me hari hereheretia atu a Te Kirikūmara rātou ko ērā o Taranaki ki Waikato. Ko te whakaaro i iriiritia a ia ki reira, ka tangohia e ia a Īhāia (Isaiah) hei īngoa mōna.

Nō muri mai i te tau 1840, ka riro ngā kaingārahu o Waikato me Ngāti Maniapoto i te ia o te Whakapono, ka tukuna a Īhāia kia hoki ki te haukāinga. Hei tā Te Awa-i-taia o Waikato, nā Īhāia i ārahi he tira ki Kapiti, ki Waikanae hoki. Ko te kaupapa he tono i a Wiremu Kīngi Te Rangitāke kia hoki ake ki Waitara, te wāhi, taihoa ake ka nohoia e Īhāia. I te tau 1844, ka whakamātau a Īhāia, ki te tuku whenua hei hoko ki te kāwanatanga. Ka tautohetia e Te Rangitāke, ka whakakorea te hoko. Nō te tau 1847, ka whakamātau anō ia ki te hoko, ā, pērā anō i te tau 1850. Heoti, i taua wā, ko Kāwana Hōri Kerei (George Grey) tonu te tangata i whakapā ā-kanohitia atu e ia. Ahakoa ia rā, i whakakorea katoatia.

I Mei o 1854, ka puta tētahi take i whai wāhi ki ngā piki me ngā heke o ngā mahi a Īhāia, i a ia e ora ana. I hui ngā iwi o Taranaki whānui tonu ki Manawapou i te rohe o Ngāti Ruanui. Ka takohatia e te rūnanga kia mau ki ā rātou te katoa o ngā whenua mai i Ōkurukuru ki Kai Iwi. Ko tā te Pākehā īngoa mō taua whakaritenga ko te 'rōpū pupuri whenua' (land league). I a Taranaki e hui ana ka hokona te poraka o Hua e Rāwiri Waiaua, te ngārahu o tērā wehenga o Te Āti Awa, o Puketapu. Kātahi ka tukuna e ia kia hokona, tētahi wāhanga i rohea mai i te poraka o Hua kia kaua e hokona, i te mea e kokorahotia ana e Te Waitere Kātātore. Nō te tangohanga a te kōmihana hoko whenua (land purchase commissioner), ko te whakatikatanga atu tēnā o Rāwiri me ana tāngata ki te whakarake i ngā paenga o te poraka. Kua oti kē i a Kātātore te whakaohiti rātou kia kaua e whakarakea. Nō te 3 o Ākuhata 1854, ka angaanga ngā kaiātete, ka patua a Rāwiri me te tokorima o ana tāngata. Kotahi tonu te whakaaro o te tangata whai o Taranaki, arā, e whakatutuki ana a Kātātore mā i te kaupapa here a te hunga e kīia nei ko te rōpū pupuri whenua.

E ono marama i muri mai ka whakahaua e Īhāia a Rīmene o Ngāti Ruanui kia patua. Nā tērā i moe tāhae a Hāriata, te wahine a Īhāia. Nō te marama o Tīhema, ka taiapuhia e te 300 o Ngāti Ruanui a Manaku, te pā o Īhāia, ka horo. I puta ai a Īhāia mā, he taenga ake nō te apataki a Rāwiri hei pūmanawa mō rātou. Ka taka ki Mei o 1855, ka whakatōpū te iwi o Rāwiri ki Nīnia pā, i raro i te mana o tōna whanaunga o Arama Karaka. Kātahi ka awhitia e Kātātore rāua ko Te Rangitāke. Ko ō rāua apataki o Te Āti Awa me tō rāua uku a Ngāti Ruanui ngā tuarā. Nā te mōhio o Arama e noho mōrearea ana rātou, ka tono ki a Īhāia kia haere ake ki te āwhina i a ia. Ka whakaae atu a Īhāia, ēngari, me mātua tuku mai he whenua mōna i Ikamoana, he wāhi e pātata ana ki Nū Pāremata. Rite ana ki tāna i hiahia ai, ka whakaarahia e ia he pā ki reira. Taro ake ka huakina taua pā e Ngāti Ruanui, ka taieritia mai, ko tō rātou hokinga atu tēnā ki te kāinga. I rewa tonu te rau o te patu i roto o Te Āti Awa, ā, tata pau noa te tau 1856. Nō te tōmuatanga o te tau 1857, ka mau te rongo. Na, ko ēnei ngā whakarite hei whakanoho pūmau i te maungārongo, arā, me tuku e Kātātore te whenua i patua rā a Rāwiri i runga, ā, kaua rāua ko Te Rangitāke a muri atu, e ārai i ngā hokonga whenua kore pānga ki a rāua.

Nā Tāmati Tīraurau i whati ai te maungārongo i te tīmatanga o Hānuere o 1858. Kāore i whakaaturia mai mehemea he teina, he tuakana rānei nō Īhāia, heoi anō nō te whānau kotahi. Nā Tāmati me ana tāngata tokorima te kauaeroa nāna i patu a Kātātore. I whāki atu a Īhāia ki a Te Pāriha (Robert Parris), te kōmihana hoko whenua ā-rohe, nāna i tātai te tātai kia kōhurutia a Kātātore. Ko te āhua nei nāna i tinihanga a Kātātore kia haere ake ki Nū Pāremata ki reira rāua whakahoahoa ai. Nō te matenga o Kātātore ka noho ko nga pāmu a ngā tāngata whai o Nū Pāremata te tāhuna mō ngā taua e whawhai haere ana i reira.

Ka mahue i a Īhāia tana pā i Ikamoana ka hoki ki te rohe o Ōtaraua i Waitara. Me te aha hoki, ka tū anō te riri ki reira. I te taha o te awa o Waitara, ka whakaarahia e ia a Te Karaka pā. Ko ana hoariri o Te Āti Awa ērā, ka tahuri mai ki te pakipaki i a ia. Ka haere nā ngā wiki e awhitia ana, ka tino mate kai rā tana iwi. Nā te kāwanatanga te kupu ki a ia kia tahia te tahua, ēngari, ka tūwhititia ia ki ana whanaunga i Wharekauri (Chatham Islands), arā, ko Rēkohu te īngoa ki ngā Moriori. Ka whakaparahakotia e ia te whakarite a te kāwanatanga. Ko tōna tahuritanga atu tēnā ki ōna uku o Whanganui me Waikato kia haere ake hei tuarā mōna. Ka tū mai ko Te Pāriha me te minita, me Te Waitere (John Whiteley) hei takawaenga. Ka whakaae a Te Rangitāke ki tā rāua i whakarite ai, arā, ka whakarērea te pā, ā, mā Te Rangitāke mā e tahu. Kāore anō kia tutuki te take nei ka tae ake te ope a Wiremu Te Korowhiti, he rangatira nō te taiwhakauta o Whanganui, hei whakahihiri i a Īhāia. Ka whakarērea nā e Īhāia te pā, ka mahue ake i a ia he toa mau pū ki ngā rua huna ai mō te taenga ake o Te Rangitāke mā. He aha noa rānei, ka mōhio a Te Pāriha ki taua mahi. Tere tonu tana whakaohiti atu i a Te Rangitāke. Ka taka te kauaeroa. Ka mahue te rohe o Waitara i a Īhāia, ka ahu pērā ki te raki. I te awa o Mimi ka whakaarahia e ia he pā maioro kaha mō rātou.

Ko ia anake i mōhio ki te take i tautohe tonu ai ia ki te ātete i a Te Rangitāke. Ka kitea i ana reta ki ngā nūpepa, te koi o tōna hinengaro ki ngā mahi tōrangapū. Ko te kaupapa o aua reta he whakaoho i te tangata whai, kia ātete i a Te Rangitāke. Nāna i tautoko te hokonga o ngā whenua i Waitara e Te Teira ki te kāwanatanga. I te rewatanga o te patu i Maehe o 1860, i tū tahi ia me te kāwanatanga. Nāna anō hoki i ārahi ngā hōia o Peretānia (Great Britain) ki ō rātou tūranga kia pai ai tā rātou tuki i Puketākauere pā, i te 27 o Hune 1860. Ahakoa i tino mate ngā hōia o Peretānia, ka whakanuia tonutia a Īhāia mōna i āwhina i a rātou. I te tau 1869, nāna i taritari he taua Māori hei whawhai i a Tītokowaru. Ko ia anō hoki te kaiwhakamāherehere a te kāwanatanga mō ngā take e pā ana ki te iwi Māori.

E ai ki te kōrero, he mate kohi te mate nāna a Īhāia Te Kirikūmara i turaki. Nō te 9 o Hūrae 1873 a ia i mate ai i te pā o Wakatere i te awa o Waitara. Ko te urupā o tōna iwi i Te Karaka, tōna okiokinga whakamutunga.

Me pēnei te tohu i te whārangi:

Steven Oliver. 'Te Kirikūmara, Īhāia', Dictionary of New Zealand Biography, first published in 1990. Te Ara - the Encyclopedia of New Zealand, https://teara.govt.nz/mi/biographies/1t44/te-kirikumara-ihaia (accessed 24 April 2024)