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Kōrero: Jury, Te Aitū-o-te-rangi

Whārangi 1: Haurongo

Jury, Te Aitu-o-te-rangi

?–1854

Nō Ngāti Kahungunu, nō Rangitāne; he wahine tipuna, whai whenua, ahu whenua

I tuhia tēnei haurongo e M. J. Parsons, ā, i tāngia tuatahitia ki Ngā Tāngata Taumata Rau i te 1990. He mea whakamāori nā Ngā Tangata Taumata Rau.

Nō ērā wā i te tau 1820 i whānau ai a Te Aitū-o-te-rangi. Ko ōna mātua ko Te Whatahoronui rāua ko Aromea (wahine matua). Ko tōna hapū ko Ngāti Moe o Pāpāwai. He hapū tēnei nō ngā iwi o Rangitāne me Ngāti Kahungunu ki Te Wairarapa.

Ko ngā kāinga noho o ōna mātua me tōna tipuna tāne, me Muretū, ko Te Uretā, ko Waka-ā-pāua, me Wharehanga: ko ēnei kāinga kei te taha uru o te awa o Ruamāhanga e tata atu ana ki te tāone o Huangarua (Martinborough).

I a Te Aitū e taitamariki tonu ana ka whakaekea a Te Wairarapa e ngā ope taua o te raki i ngā tau tekau mai i 1820. Ka whawhai te iwi kāinga i raro i te maru o Nuku-pewapewa (he pāpā ki a Te Aitū) rāua ko Pēhi Tūtepākihirangi (he karanga tuakana ki a Te Aitū). I Wharehanga, i te tau 1834, ka patua a Te Whatahoronui me te tokomaha o tōna iwi, e ngā ope taua o Ngāti Tama, o Ngāti Mutunga, o Te Āti Awa hoki. Ka mau hereheretia a Te Aitū-o-te-rangi rāua ko tana tuakana, ko Wī Kīngi Tūtepākihirangi, ka mauria ki Kapiti pea. I te taenga mai o te whakapono ki Kapiti me Pari-ā-rua (Porirua), i te tau 1839, ka tukuna ngā herehere, ā, hoki ana te tokomaha ki ō rātau kāinga. Ēngari a Te Aitū-o-te-rangi, he wahine ātaahua, piri kē ana ki a John Milsome Jury o Wapping, Rānana (London), Ingarangi. He tangata whaiwhai tohorā, whakarere kaipuke hoki a John Jury, ā, huri noa ia i ngā takutai hoko taonga ai. Mahue ake ana a Kapiti i a Te Aitū rāua ko John Jury ka haere ki Nukutaurua, ki Te Māhia. I konei e ruruhautia ana ngā mōrehu whanaunga o Te Aitū e Te Wera Hauraki, he rangatira nō Ngāpuhi. I Rākaukākā, ki Tūranganui-a-Kiwa (Poverty Bay), i te 26 o Oketopa 1840, ka mārenatia e Te Wiremu (William Williams), o te Rōpū Hāhi Mihinare (Church Missionary Society) a Te Aitū rāua ko John Jury. Te āhua nei i iriiritia a Te Aitū i taua wā, ā, i tapaina ko Hūhana (Susan/Susanna). I ētahi wā koia nā tana īngoa karanga. Ka noho rāua ki Manutūkē. E ai ki te kōrero ka mahi kāmura a John mā Te Wiremu; ā, nāna i whakaara te whare karakia me te whare mīhana i taua wā.

I te whakapaunga o te tau 1840 ka houhia te rongo, ka hokihoki ngā rangatira ki Te Wairarapa. I te marama o Maehe 1842, ka haria e Pēhi Tūtepākihirangi ngā iwi e 400, rātau ko John ko Te Aitū me tā rāua tama tāne ki Te Kopi-a-Uenuku, i Palliser Bay, noho ai. I whānau tā rāua tama tāne i te tau 1841. I te tau 1845, i muri i te tūnga tuatahi o ngā teihana hipi a te Pākehā ki Te Wairarapa, ka neke whakauta a Te Aitū rāua ko John, ki te moutere o Te Uretā (Jury's Island); e huaina ana te whenua nei i nāianei ko te Waka-ā-pāua. I te wā i kitea e Te Aitū a Kauorarangi, he mea huna ki reira i mua, ka taumautia e ia ngā whenua o Waka-ā-pāua hei kāinga mōna. He taonga pounamu tēnei i whakakāherutia te āhua. I te moetere tonu, ka hangaia tō rāua whare tuatahi i te wāhi mārakerake, i kīia ko Ngaki-a-Tōtara. Ka huri rāua ki te ahu whenua, ka whakatō i te ōti me te witi; i whai kararehe anō hoki rāua, he nanekoti, he hōiho, ā hui ā rāua kau e 200.

I ngā tekau tau e rua mai i 1840 ko tētahi mahi a John Jury he āwhina i ngā tāngata pāmu o tērā takiwā ki te kutikuti, ki te mahi taiepa hoki. I te tau 1850–51, i a John e rapu kōura ana i California, i Āmerika, ka noho a Te Aitū hei tūmau mā Catherine me Charles Bidwill, tiaki tamariki, horoi kaka ngā mahi.

Tokowhā ngā tamariki a Te Aitū rāua ko John Jury. Ko Hoani Te Whatahoro te mātāmua, he tangata māia ki te kohikohi kōrero, waiata, me ērā atu taonga. Ko tā rāua tamāhine ko Annie Eliza Te Haereaute, i whānau i te tau 1846; ka moe i a Joseph Oates. I te tau 1850 ka whānau anō he tama, ko Charles Joseph Te Rongotūmamao te īngoa. I te tau 1854 ka whānau anō he tamaiti tāne kīhai i ora.

I te tau 1854 pea ka mate a Te Aitū, ā, rerekē ana ētahi o ngā kōrero mō te āhua o tōna matenga. I te whakapaunga o te marama o Āperira i te tau 1854 e hōrapa ana te mītara ki Te Tai Rāwhiti, ā, nā reira pea i mate ai a Te Aitū. Nā Charles Bidwill i hanga te kāwhena mō Te Aitū, ā, i nehua pea ki ngā kāinga tawhito o Ngāpuke, o Waiotapu rānei, e tata atu ana ki Huangarua.

I raro i te mana taunaha a Te Aitū i ngā whenua o ōna tūpuna, ka tau te noho a John Jury ki te Waka-ā-pāua pāmu ai. I tana whakamāramatanga ki te Kōti Whenua Māori, i a ia e mira rākau ana i ngā tau tata ki te 1840, kīhai te tangata i whakahē i tana noho. Nā te huānga o Te Aitū, nā Pēhi Tūtepākihirangi pea i tautoko tonu te taunaha: ko te moutere me ngā whenua e tapa ana nā tōna tipuna ake, nā Muretū. Ā, i te mea i whai tamariki ia ka tukuna ki a ia ngā whenua nei.

I te tau 1868 ka whakatauria e te Kōti Whenua Māori i Hūpēnui (Greytown) te mana o ngā whenua o Te Aitū ki ana tamariki. Nō te 6 o Ākuhata 1902, i mate ai a John Jury i te kāinga o tana tamāhine i Taumata.

Me pēnei te tohu i te whārangi:

M. J. Parsons. 'Jury, Te Aitū-o-te-rangi - Jury, Te Aitu-o-te-rangi', Dictionary of New Zealand Biography, first published in 1990. Te Ara - the Encyclopedia of New Zealand, https://teara.govt.nz/mi/biographies/1j7/jury-te-aitu-o-te-rangi (accessed 29 March 2024)