An all-Māori gun crew from 162 Battery of the 16th Field Regiment, Royal New Zealand Artillery, smile for the camera in Korea in 1953.  From left are Gunners P. Te Kani, W. Martin, J. J. Hudson and B. Manga, and Lance Bombardier J. T. Popata. In contrast to the world wars there were no formal Māori units in Korea. Officially Māori and Pākehā served together. Despite this, Māori often informally organised themselves into gun crews or other small units. For some Pākehā serving in mixed units, it was their first experience of extended contact with Māori. Although the Māori migration to the cities had begun by the early 1950s, most Māori still lived in rural areas such as East Coast and Northland.