Me pēnei te tohu i te whārangi:
Ian Pool, 'Ngā whakaahua, ngā rauemi katoa', Te Ara - the Encyclopedia of New Zealand, http://www.TeAra.govt.nz/mi/death-rates-and-life-expectancy/media (accessed 3 October 2023)
He kōrero nā Ian Pool, i tāngia i te 5 May 2011, reviewed & revised 14 Mar 2019