Me pēnei te tohu i te whārangi:
Gerard Hutching, 'Ngā whakaahua, ngā rauemi katoa', Te Ara - the Encyclopedia of New Zealand, http://www.TeAra.govt.nz/mi/birds-of-prey/media (accessed 8 December 2023)
He kōrero nā Gerard Hutching, i tāngia i te 24 Sep 2007, reviewed & revised 17 Feb 2015