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Kōrero: Howie, Fanny Rose

Whārangi 1: Haurongo

Ngā whakaahua me ngā rauemi katoa o tēnei kōrero

Howie, Fanny Rose

1868–1916

Nō Te Whānau-a-Apanui, nō Ngāti Porou; he kaiwaiata, he kaitito waiata

I tuhia tēnei haurongo e Tony Chadwick, ā, i tāngia tuatahitia ki Ngā Tāngata Taumata Rau i te 1996. He mea whakamāori nā Ngā Tangata Taumata Rau.

E ai ki ngā puna wai kōrero a ōna uri, ko te kokoru o Tokomaru ki Te Tai Rāwhiti te wāhi i whānau mai ai a Fanny Rose Porter (Pane Poata) i te 11 o Hānuere 1868. He mea tango mai ko Te Rangi Pai hai īngoa whatārangi mōna, ā, noho noa koinei tōna īngoa karanga e tino mōhiotia whānuitia ana. Ko ia te mātāmua o ngā tamariki tokoiwa a Herewaka Porourangi Pōtae (ko Te Rangi-i-pāea anō tētahi o ōna īngoa) rāua ko tana hoa tāne, ko Te Poata (Thomas William Porter). I hau te rongo o Herewaka i te wawaotanga i te pā o Te Māwhai, i te wā i whakaekea e tētahi ope taua Hauhau o te hāhi Pai Mārire i te tau 1865. He tamāhine a Herewaka nā Tama-i-whakanehua-i-te-rangi rāua ko Mereana Tongia, ā, he wahine tūranga teitei ki ōna iwi o Te Whānau-a-Apanui, o Te Whānau-a-Ruataupare me Ngāti Porou. I mua i te taenga mai o Te Poata ki Niu Tīreni nei i te tau 1863, he hēramana i te taua moana o Peretānia tāna mahi. Nōna ka tae mai, ka uru atu a ia hai rūtene mō te Ope Hōia o te Koroni (Colonial Defence Force). I roto tahi rāua ko Meiha Rāpata Wahawaha i te ope taua kotahi. He whanaunga tonu a Herewaka ki a Rāpata, ā, ko te whakaaro, nō te tau 1866 pea i tūtaki ai a Herewaka ki a Te Poata.

He wāhi nui tō Te Poata i roto i ngā waitaua ki a Te Kooti. Nō muri mai i aua waitaua nei, arā, nō te tau 1877, ka tukua ki a ia te tūnga āpiha kaiārahi mō ngā Hōia-ā-Iwi me te Takiwā Tūao o Te Tai Rāwhiti (East Coast Militia and Volunteer District). I ētahi takiwā nei tae noa ki te tau 1890, i noho ko ia te rangatira o te rōpū hōia nei. I taua wā anō, he āpiha hoko whenua anō hoki a ia, ā, mō ngā tau e rima, i a ia te tūnga mēa o Tūranga (Gisborne). He wahine rongonui a Herewaka nō te Hāhi Mihinare. He mea atawhai e ia ngā whakaritenga mō ngā mahi whakaako, ngā mahi tākaro me ngā mahi puoro. I kuraina a Pane rātau ko ōna tēina tokotoru i te kura mō ngā kōtiro a Mihi Sheppard (Mrs Sheppard's Ladies School) i Ahuriri (Napier), ā, ki te whakaaro i kuraina anō pea rātau i tētahi kura tūmataiti i Te Whanganui-a-Tara (Wellington). I te tuatahi i akona rātau ki te puoro i tō rātau kāinga tonu, koia anō te wāhi i manaakitia e ō rātau mātua ngā whetū mārama pērā i ngā mema o te Kamupene Ōpera o Pollard, e tawhio haere ana i te whenua.

He reo hōhonu, he reo pai rauangi-kore te reo o Pane Poata, i a ia ka tīmata ki te waiata ki te hunga whānui. Whakamīharo ana hoki ngā kaiwhakangahau e torotoro atu ana ki tana pūmanawa. Ēngari, kāre ia i whakangungua ōkawatia. Otirā, nō te rongo o Whae Patey, tētahi kaiwaiata reo pekerangi nō Ahitereiria, i a Pane e waiata ana i Tūranga i waenganui i te tau 1891, ka whakahauhautia e ia kia haere ki rāwāhi, āta ako ai. Nō muri i tō rāua mārenatanga ko John Howie, he kaimahi nā te kāwanatanga, i te 15 o Oketopa 1891 i Ōtautahi (Christchurch), ka wehe atu a Pane ki Ahitereiria ako ai ki te waiata. E ai ki ngā kōrero, he mea whakaatu haere nāna tana kaha ki te waiata i reira i te tau 1898, i mua i tana hokinga mai ki Aotearoa nei. Tau rawa ki te tau 1900 kua tangohia kētia e ia ko Te Rangi Pai, he whakarāpopototanga nō te īngoa o tōna kōkā, hai īngoa whatārangi mōna. Ki te reo Pākehā ko 'the beautiful sky' te tikanga o Te Rangi Pai. Nō taua tau anō a Pane i whakawhiti atu ai ki Ingarangi ki te taha o te kaiwaiata reo tanguru rā, o Charles Santley, ako ai.

Nō tō rāua taenga atu ko tana hoa tāne ki Rānana (London) i ngā marama tōmua o 1901, ka pōwhiritia mai a Pane e te hunga toi o Aotearoa e noho ana ki reira, ā, i tae anō hoki a ia ki te hākari ā-tau o te motu; ko William Pember Reeves, te māngai tumuaki mō Niu Tīreni, te kaimanaaki. Ka tīmata te akoranga a Pane hai kaiwaiata kōnohete, whakaari tapu ā-waiata me ngā oriori paki. Nā te taea e tōna reo mai i te reo pekerangi ki te reo taka i waenga i te reo tōiri me te reo hakahaka rawa o te wahine, i āhei ai ia ki te waiata i te huhua noa o ngā tūmomo waiata. I raro i te īngoa o 'The Princess Te Rangi Pai', kai Riwapūru (Liverpool) tōna kōkuhunga whakaaturanga, i tīmata ia i te tata paunga o te tau 1901. I tino whakanuia e ngā kaiwānanga taua putanga āna. Nō muri mai i tēnei, ka pōkia ia e ngā tono maha ki te whakaatu i ōna pūmanawa reo reka.

Ka mau kē te wehi o te mau ake a Pane i a ia i runga i te whatārangi. He wahine ātaahua, tū rangatira ki te titiro atu, heoti, ki te whakaaro o ētahi o ngā kaiwhakatangi puoro, i ētahi wā ehara i te mahi ngāwari te mahi i tōna taha. Koinei tōna āhua ki tētahi o ōna hoa whakatangitangi, arā, he wahine tino panapana, tino hūkokikoki, ā, he wā anō, he matawhawhati te whanonga. Ka uaua te mahi a te hoa whakatangitangi ki te āwhina i a ia. Ahakoa ēnei āhuatanga ōna, ki te whakaaro, he wairua aroha, he wairua whakahoahoa tōna.

Nō te kitenga o John Howie kua pai te noho a tana wahine, ka hoki mai ia ki Niu Tīreni nei. Kāre i rawaka te moni i mahue mā Pane i te hokinga mai o tana tāne, nō reira, hai rapu oranga mōna, ka tahuri ia ki te mahi i ngā momo mahi katoa. I kitea whānuitia ia i Peretānia i roto i ngā kōnohete hāramuramu, i ngā kōnohete ōkawa, i ngā hui whakahoahoa tūmataiti o te ahiahi me ngā kōnohete āwhina i te rawakore. He rawaka ana waiatatanga i te Hōro Roera o Arapeta (Royal Albert Hall), ā, i waiata ia i reira i te Hākari Nui a ngā Airihi (Grand Irish Festival) o te Rā Hākari o Hato Patariki (St Patricks Day) o 1902, me te Hākari Nui a ngā Kōtimana (Grand Scotch Festival) o te Ahiahi a Ānaru te Āpotoro (St Andrew's Eve) o taua tau anō. Heoi anō, ko te waiata i ngā whakaari tapu ā-waiata i roto i ngā whare karakia nui te mea pai rawa ki a ia.

Nā te māuiuitanga o Kīngi Eruera Te Tuawhitu, i takaroa ai tana koroneihana, i whakaritea mō Hune o 1902. Nō reira, i huri ai a Pane ki te whakahaere i tētahi kōnohete a te hunga o ngā koroni, i te Hōro o te Kuini (Queen's Hall) i Rānana. He mea i tino paingia. Nō Niu Tīreni me Ahitereiria ngā kaiwaiata, ā, nā tētahi ope hōia Māori i haere atu ki Rānana mō te koroneihana, i whakaatu te haka i reira. Inana! Kātahi te mea whakaoho mauri. Hai whakautu i te kaha o te tono kia whakahokia anō, ka toru ngā hakatanga anō i te haka rā. Koia tēnei te kōrero a tētahi kaiwānanga puoro mō Te Rangi Pai i muri mai, arā, he mea whakahirahira ngātahi te kaha me te rawe o tōna reo, me te mōhio anō hoki ōna ki te whakamahi i taua taonga āna. Nō te Ākuhata, ka ārahina e te pāpā o Pane, e Te Poata, te ope hōia o Niu Tīreni i te Tirohanga Roera mō te Koroneihana (Coronation Royal Review) ki Rānana. Kua noho Kānara kē a Te Poata i taua wā nei. I te taha a Pane i tōna pāpā i te wā i whakawhiwhia ai ia ki te tohu whakahōnore CB mō āna mahi i a ia e āpiha rangatira ana i te Pakanga i Āwherika ki te Tonga.

Ko 1903 te tau i takahia ai ngā motu o Peretānia e Pane Te Rangi Pai rātau ko tētahi pēne parāhi i tū hai kanohi mō Niu Tīreni, he mea whakaīngoa ko te Pēne a Hinemoa, me te kaiwaiata reo tanguru rā, me Edward Rangiuia. He uri a Te Rangiuia nō Te Aitanga-a-Hauiti, ā, pērā i a Pane rā nō Tūranga anō. Taro ake, ka whakamātau a Pane ki te whakahiato i tētahi kapa haka Māori ki te huri haere i Peretānia i tōna taha, heoti, kīhai i tutuki. Ko tētahi hōnore nui i taea e Pane i te wā kua kaha haere nei te hau o tōna rongonui, arā, ko te tono a Kuini Arehānara (Alexandra) kia hanatu ki tōna aroaro, waiata ai.

Nā te matenga o tōna kōka rāua ko Robert, te mea pōtiki o ōna tungāne, i te tau 1904, me te hanga matemate tonu ōna, te take i hoki mai ai a Pane ki Aotearoa nei i te tau 1905. Ka tīmata ia ki te whakapāpā atu ki ērā o tōna whānau, tae atu ki tana tungāne, ki a Tāme Poata. I taua wā nei kua noho kē a Tāme hai pūkōrero mō ngā kōrero tuku iho a ngā tīpuna, ā, hai tohunga hoki mō te tā moko. I manakohia te maha o ngā kōnohete nāna i hari haere puta noa i Aotearoa nei, i ngā tau o 1906 me 1907. Kia ahatia, nā ētahi atu mate e whakataumaha ana i a ia me ana tautohe ki tōna pāpā mō te hokonga atu a tērā i ngā pānga whenua Māori rahi tonu o tōna kōkā, koinei ngā mea nāna i whakaruhi ōna kaha, ā, i whakamutua rawatia e ia tana mahi waiata.

Arā rāua ko John Howie i Tūranga e noho tahi ana, ā, i te tau 1908, ka whakatūria rā tana tāne hai kaikohi tāke taonga mai whenua kē mō te rohe o Tūranganui-a-Rua (Poverty Bay). Nā te wherū tonu o tana mate, ko te mutunga iho ka whakahaua kia tino whakaokiokitia e ia tana tinana. Ka hangaia he whare mōna i runga i ōna whenua papatupu i Maungaroa, e tūtata atu ana ki Te Kaha, ā, neke atu ana ia ki reira noho ai. Ko tāna mahi i ngā tau tōmuri o tōna koiora he whakaako me te tito waiata, ā, e waiatatia tonutia ana ētahi i te rā nei. Ko 'Hine e hine' te mea tino rongonui o ngā waiata katoa nāna i tito. Ko ngā puāwai e tino pai ana ki a ia – arā, ngā rōhi, ngā panehī me ngā waeorete – he mea peita e ia hai tauira kōwhaiwhai i runga i ngā heke o te whare nui o Te Whānau-a-Kaiāio e tū mai rā i Te Kaha.

I mate mai a Fanny Howie i Ōpōtiki i te 20 o Mei 1916, ā, kai raro i tētahi pōhutukawa i Maungaroa e tāpuke ana. Ka mahue mai ko tana hoa tāne me tā rāua tama atawhai. Nō te hinganga o tana tāne ka nehua ki tōna taha. Kai te taha tonu o te rori e tū tōtahi ana te pōhatu whakamaharatanga me te tohu pānui o tōna rua kōiwi.

Me pēnei te tohu i te whārangi:

Tony Chadwick. 'Howie, Fanny Rose', Dictionary of New Zealand Biography, first published in 1996. Te Ara - the Encyclopedia of New Zealand, https://teara.govt.nz/mi/biographies/3h40/howie-fanny-rose (accessed 29 March 2024)