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Kōrero: Karira

Whārangi 1: Haurongo

Karira

?–1867

He pirihimana

I tuhia tēnei haurongo e Richard S. Hill, ā, i tāngia tuatahitia ki Ngā Tāngata Taumata Rau i te 1990. He mea whakamāori nā Ngā Tangata Taumata Rau.

Ko tētahi o ngā īngoa o te pirihimana Māori nei o Karira, ko Creed. E ngaro ana ngā kōrero mō ōna mātua, mō tōna iwi me te wā i a ia e tipu ake ana. I puta ake te rongo tuatahi mōna i te tau 1852, i te wā e whakarite ana te kanohi o te kāwanatanga, a Te Mākarini (Donald McLean), ki te hoko whenua Māori mai i a ia. Ko aua whenua, i ngā tahataha raki o Taranaki maunga, e pātata ana ki Nū Pāremata (New Plymouth). Nō muri mai, ka taritaria opetia a ia, e te kaitirotiro pirihimana, e George Cooper. Ko ia te tuatoru o ngā Māori he mema o te wāhanga o ngā Pirihimana Mau Pū (Armed Police Force) o New Ulster ki Nū Pāremata. Ko ngā kātipa e whai mana ana i roto i ō rātou nei iwi, ā, e mārama ana ki ā rātou nei tikanga, e hiahiatia ana hei kaitakawaenga i roto i te Māori me te Pākehā.

I te tau 1846, i te wā i a Te Mākarini te tūnga kaitirotiro pirihimana, ka whakatūria e ia he ope pirihimana iti nei, hei tiaki i te wāhi noho o te tangata whai. Ka takarita te nuinga o ngā Pākehā o te rohe kia noho mā te ope pirihimana he kātipa Māori kei roto, e whakahau rātou kia ū ki te ture. Nō te waihangatanga i ngā kāwanatanga ā-porowini i Oketopa o 1853, ka tangohia e te tangata whai mā rātou ngā mahi pirihimana e whakahaere. Ka waihangatia e ō rātou kaiārahi whakaaraara ture he kaupapa hou e whakaae ai ratou kia pupuritia ngā pirihimana Māori e matatau ana ki ngā tikanga Māori. Koia tēnei: me wehe mai rātou i te Pirihimana Mau Pū ā-Porowini o Nū Pāremata (New Plymouth Province Armed Police Force), ka whakatū ai hei Ope Pirihimana Māori (Native Police Force). Ko tā rātou he hopu anake i ngā Māori me te hunga iwi rua kua hara, ā, ko tētahi wāhanga o tō rātou utu mā te kāwanatanga ā-porowini e pīkau. I tautokona tēnei kaupapa e te kāwanatanga matua. Ko tōna tikanga, i te kāwanatanga matua, i raro i tā rātou kaitirotiro pirihimana i a Cooper, te mana whakahaere i te ope pōrangorango nei. Ēngari, ki te āta tirohia ana, ka kitea i a te kāwanatanga ā-porowini kē tēnei mana.

Ko ētahi mahi e rite tonu ana te whakapau i te kaha o Karira: ko te whakatau i ngā raruraru o te noho tahi a te Māori me te Pākehā; ko te āta titiro ki ngā mahi hokohoko whenua a te kāwanatanga; ko te whakapūmau i te ture i roto i ngā Māori o Nū Pāremata. I te tata paunga o 1856, ka whakamutua e te kāwanatanga ā-porowini te tuku moni hei utu i ngā pirihimana Māori tokorua e mahue mai ana, i te Ope Pirihimana Māori. I ngā whakaritenga i muri mai, kia tukuna te katoa o te mana whakahaere ki te kāwanatanga matua, ka rīhaina a Katipa Karira. I rīhaina a ia, nō te mea, he whakatakariri nōna ki ngā whakaritenga hou mō tāna mahi, arā, e tapahia ana te utu, ā, e tukitukihia ana te whakaaetanga kia kaua te Ope Pirihimana Māori e whakamahia i ngā pō katoa. Ko te 1 o Tīhema te rā o tōna rīhainatanga.

I tino kaha te tohetohe a te rangatira hou o ngā pirihimana, a te kaititiro pirihimana, a Henry Halse, kia whakaarahia mai anō ngā tikanga me ngā utu o mua atu. Hei tāna, ko ngā kātipa Māori tonu kei te hoko i ō rātou kākahu mahi (hoatu noatia ai ki ngā Pākehā). I tua atu i tēnei, he maha ā rātou haerenga tawhiti ki waho o Nū Pāremata. Koia anō, ki tāna, ko ā rātou nei momo mahi e pā ana ki ngā take motuhake ki te porowini, he whakahirahira kē atu i ngā mahi noa iho nei a ngā kātipa Pākehā. I te whakaaetanga i tā Halse, ka whakakīkītia e ia a Karira kia hoki ki te Ope Pirihimana Māori. Nō te 1 o Hānuere 1863 a ia ka tīmata anō.

He iti nei te kōrero whakanui a te Pākehā o te rohe i ngā mahi a ngā pirihimana Māori. Ko ngā iwi me ngā hapū Māori e ātete ana i te Pākehā, kore rawa atu i pai ki aua pirihimana, ā, nō te tīmatanga o te riri i te tau 1860, ka tino pakari rawa atu tō rātou kore e pai atu. I ngā kēti tāke i hangā e ngā whawhana hei aukati i ngā rori, he tino taumaha te utu i meatia hei utunga mā ngā pirihimina Māori, arā, e £500. E ono tau te tangata e pirihimana ana kātahi anō ka rite i a ia tēnei moni. Mehemea ka puta he riri nā ngā hōia i eneene i waenga i a rātou me ngā Māori e tautoko ana i te kāwanatanga, ka tonoa mā ngā pirihimana Māori e whakatau. He tauira tēnei ki te tūranga teitei o ngā mahi a ngā pirihimana Māori i roto i te whakaaro o te kāwanatanga. I te 3 o Hānuere 1863, ka tāpiritia atu ki a Karita he tūranga i te Kōti Whenua Māori i Taranaki. I te marama o Āperire 1864, ka hāpaitia a ia ki te tūranga haihana whakahaere o te Ope Pirihimana Māori o Taranaki.

I te wā o te pakanga, i ngā kaiātete i te kāwanatanga te nuinga o te taiao, ka taka iho anō ki te tokorua ngā pirihimana o te Ope Pirihimana Māori. Ēngari, nō te rahi haeretanga o te whenua e nohoia ana e te Pākehā, ka whakarahia ake te ope kia whā. I te kaha o te whakaitihanga i te Ope Pirihimana ā-Porowini (Provincial Police) o Taranaki i te tīmatanga o 1867, ka tino taumaha rawa atu te pīkaunga a te ture hei kawenga mā ngā kātipa Māori; ko te hopu Pākehā e hara ana tētahi o aua pīkaunga. Me te aha hoki, ka tahuri mai ētahi ki te whawhai. Pērā hoki i tērahi wā, i mau i a Karira rāua ko tētahi o āna tangata he hōia haurangi e tukituki wini ana. I a te hōia nei e mauria atu ana ki ngā pirihimana Pākehā pupuri ai, ka pātukia e ia a Karira ki te pounamu.

Nā ngā tau roa e whakapau ana a ia i tōna kaha ki te mahi mā te kāwanatanga i whakaruhi tōna tinana. Nō te marama o Hepetema 1867, ka pāngia a ia e te mate karawaka. Kotahi wiki a ia e whawhai ana i tēnei mate i tōna kāinga i Devon Line, i Te Hēnui, wāhi o Nū Pāremata. Ahakoa a ia nō ngā ao e rua, kīhai a ia i riro katoa atu i te ao Pākehā. I a ia e whakahemohemo ana, ka kī a ia, nā te takatakahi tapu tōna mate, arā, he kai paipatanga nōna i a ia e nehu ana i ngā kōiwi o ōna tīpuna. Ko tāna, he ngārara mokomoko e mau ana i tōna korokoro, ā, e kore mō te makere mai kia mate rā anō a ia.

Me pēnei te tohu i te whārangi:

Richard S. Hill. 'Karira', Dictionary of New Zealand Biography, first published in 1990. Te Ara - the Encyclopedia of New Zealand, https://teara.govt.nz/mi/biographies/1k2/karira (accessed 19 March 2024)