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Story: Mining and underground resources

Copper staining, Kawau Island

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Copper staining, Kawau Island

Weathering of copper-bearing minerals produces a wide halo of staining (called a gossan) by secondary copper minerals – often blue-green malachite as in this rock on Kawau Island. The presence of such copper staining is a useful exploration tool, but the presence of economic amounts of ore can only be tested by drilling down into unweathered rock.

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by Eric Coppard

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How to cite this page

Simon Nathan, Mining and underground resources – Metals known but not mined, Te Ara – the Encyclopedia of New Zealand, https://teara.govt.nz/en/photograph/9241/copper-staining-kawau-island (accessed 4 June 2026).

Story by Simon Nathan, published 2 March 2009.