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Story: Canoe navigation

Using a canoe as a compass

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Canoe’sdirection of travel Canoe’s direction of travel PORTBEAM BOW STARBOARDBEAM STERN Sunsets Star Asets Star Bsets Star Arises Star Brises Sunrises Canoe

This diagram shows a canoe, looking from above. The 360° horizon around the canoe was divided up into different sectors named ‘houses’, and these were marked on canoe railings. Navigators would know that the arcs of the sun and other stars cross the sky at different heights depending on the time of year. This canoe is travelling due north at the spring equinox, when the sun rises due east and sets due west. At night the rising and setting of stars were used to align the canoe in a direction of travel. For example, when Star A set, Star B was used, and so on through the night until the earth’s own star, the sun, rose. The sun was used at dawn and dusk.

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Te Ara – The Encyclopedia of New Zealand

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How to cite this page

Rāwiri Taonui, Canoe navigation – Ocean voyaging, Te Ara – the Encyclopedia of New Zealand, https://teara.govt.nz/en/diagram/2223/using-a-canoe-as-a-compass (accessed 4 June 2026).

Story by Rāwiri Taonui, published 4 March 2009.

Comments

Imelda Bargas
12 January 2016
Tēnā koe Hone You are welcome to use the waka and star compass diagrams for training purposes. All the best for the voyage. Nāku noa, nā Imelda.
Hone Tibble
06 January 2016
Tena koe e te matua Rawiri, justr wanting to get your approval for us using the above waka compass & your star compass for our tauira training for using star navigation. Our roopu is Raukawa Moana Voyaging Trust. We are sailing from Wellington to Doubtless Bay on the waka Nukutaiao, a traditional double hulled waka carved and built by Takuta Taakirirangi Smith. You can see our page on facebook. Hone Tibble