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Story: Landscapes – overview

Wellington Harbour (Port Nicholson) and City

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Wellington Harbour

Wellington Harbour is hemmed in by hills of ancient greywacke, which makes up the mountainous backbone of the North Island. Christopher Aubrey’s 1889 watercolour shows the rapidly expanding city, about 50 years after Europeans started to settle there. The boundary between the hills and the harbour (upper left) marks the position of the Wellington Fault. The hills are rising, but the water-covered area is gradually subsiding.

Using this item

Alexander Turnbull Library

Reference: C-030-025

by Christopher Aubrey

Permission of the Alexander Turnbull Library, National Library of New Zealand, Te Puna Mātauranga o Aotearoa, must be obtained before any re-use of this image.

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How to cite this page

Eileen McSaveney, Landscapes – overview – North Island main ranges, Te Ara – the Encyclopedia of New Zealand, https://teara.govt.nz/en/artwork/13069/wellington-harbour-port-nicholson-and-city (accessed 4 June 2026).

Story by Eileen McSaveney, published 1 March 2009, updated 1 July 2015.