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Story: Biculturalism

Tino rangatiratanga flag

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Tino rangatiratanga flag

On Waitangi Day in 2010, two flags flew from the Auckland Harbour Bridge. On the right is the New Zealand national flag, incorporating the Union Jack of Great Britain. On the left is the tino rangatiratanga flag, designed in 1989 by Hiraina Marsden, Jan Dobson Smith and Linda Munn as part of a competition run by protest group Te Kawariki. In 2009 Prime Minister John Key agreed to a request from Māori Affairs Minister Pita Sharples (Ngāti Kahungunu, Ngāi Te Kikiri o te Rangi, Ngāti Pahauwera) to fly a flag to recognise the status of Māori as tangata whenua. The Ministry for Culture and Heritage issued official guidelines for using the flags, saying, 'Flying the two flags together on days of national significance such as Waitangi Day symbolises and enhances the Crown-Māori relationship.'

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How to cite this page

Janine Hayward, Biculturalism – Continuing debates, Te Ara – the Encyclopedia of New Zealand, https://teara.govt.nz/en/photograph/32152/tino-rangatiratanga-flag (accessed 4 June 2026).

Story by Janine Hayward, published 14 March 2012, reviewed and revised 10 January 2023 with assistance from Janine Hayward.