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Story: Principles of the Treaty of Waitangi – ngā mātāpono o te Tiriti o Waitangi

Consultation on the foreshore and seabed

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Consultation on the foreshore and seabed

The treaty principle that the Crown has a duty to consult with Māori has been applied in dealing with the ownership of the foreshore and seabed. Above, the minister in charge of treaty negotiations, Michael Cullen, and Māori Affairs Minister Parekura Horomia enter Maraenui , Ōpōtiki, in 2008. They were recording progress on consultations with local Te Whānau-a-Apanui people. Below, Joshua Wikiriwhi-Heta leaps high during his wero to Cullen’s successor, Attorney-General Christopher Finlayson, at Puatahi Marae, Warkworth, in 2010. Finlayson was attending a hui as part of further consultation on the Foreshore and Seabed Act 2004.

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How to cite this page

Janine Hayward, Principles of the Treaty of Waitangi – ngā mātāpono o te Tiriti o Waitangi – Treaty principles developed by the Waitangi Tribunal, Te Ara – the Encyclopedia of New Zealand, https://teara.govt.nz/en/photograph/32973/consultation-on-the-foreshore-and-seabed (accessed 4 June 2026).

Story by Janine Hayward, published 1 June 2012, reviewed and revised 16 January 2023 with assistance from Janine Hayward.