Pulpy kidney causes convulsions and sudden death, mainly in well-fed lambs or young sheep. When sheep are fed on highly nutritious pasture or their grain is suddenly increased, it can cause a rapid build-up of toxins in the intestine. If a ewe is vaccinated before lambing, the lamb will be protected for up to eight weeks as it receives antibodies in the milk.
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Reference: D. M. West, A. N. Bruere and A. L. Ridler, The sheep: health, disease & production. Palmerston North: Veterinary Continuing Education, Massey University, 2002, fig.
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