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Story: When was New Zealand first settled?

Pacific migrations

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Pacific migrations

The Pacific was settled from the west by people sailing double-hulled canoes in a south-east direction. One of the main exceptions to this pattern was the settlement of New Zealand, which was achieved by sailing south-west from East Polynesia. To sail from East Polynesia to New Zealand, canoes must leave the tropical easterly trade winds, cross a zone of unpredictable winds, and then sail into a belt of strong westerly headwinds, in cold, rough seas. But often in late spring and summer high-pressure systems dominate latitudes north of New Zealand. As wind revolves counterclockwise around these high pressure systems, warm easterly winds along their northern edge provide an opportunity to sail westward easily. At this time of the year also, the tropical storms prevalent later in summer are rare.

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Te Ara – The Encyclopedia of New Zealand

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How to cite this page

Geoff Irwin and Carl Walrond, When was New Zealand first settled? – The date debate, Te Ara – the Encyclopedia of New Zealand, https://teara.govt.nz/en/map/3614/pacific-migrations (accessed 3 June 2026).

Story by Geoff Irwin and Carl Walrond, published 4 March 2009, updated 1 May 2016.

Comments

Shannon J. Murphy
19 August 2010
The Micronesian islands, about 2,000 islands located in an area closer to Asia, were settled much earlier. The Chamorro people settled the Mariana Islands in Micronesia some 4,000 years ago. They are believed to have sailed some 1,300 miles to the Marianas in the first major, open-sea migration in the history of mankind.