Kōrero: Ngāti Porou

Whārangi 4. Ngā pakanga me ngā kaupapa o muri mai i te Pākehā

Ngā whakaahua me ngā rauemi katoa o tēnei kōrero

Nō ngā tau o1820 te heke nui a Ngāpuhi ki te motu whānui me ana pū, na te Pākehā. E mōhiotia ana te tārukenga a Ngāpuhi i a Ngāti Porou i Te Whetūmatarau me Kōkai. Na ngā mauherehere o konei i whakahoki mai te Rongopai, i te tau 1834. I haria mai e (Piripi) Taumata-a-kura ki Rangitukia, te punawai o tē Hāhi Karaitiana. I muri mai ka hui te 4000 ki Whakawhitirā ki te whakarongo ki tēnei mea hōu. Ki ētahi e kī ana mō te Whakapono: “ Nā tēnei taonga i tango te kiko tangata i ō mātou niho” i mutu ai te kaitangata. Ka tau hoki te rangimārie. Ko ngā mamae o aua pakanga, kua whakangāwaritia. I whakararatatia te kiri nguha i ngā whakamoemoetanga o tēra wā, ā, tatū noa mai ki nāianei.

I muri mai, he wa tēnei e takoto mōai ai te whenua. He wā e whakamātauria ana ngā āhuatanga hōu. Nā konei ka whakamātau te hinengaro ki ngā tauwhāinga o te ao hōu. Ko te mutunga ka hainatia te Tiriti o Waitangi i te tau 1840 e ētahi o ngā rangatira o Ngāti Porou. I ngā tau o te 1850, e kaha ana ngā hapu o Ngāti Porou ki te whakahaere i ngā mahi hokohoko i runga i ō rātou waka ki Tāmaki-makau-rau, atu ki Poihākena o Ahitereiria.

Te riri tara-a-whare

I roto i ngā tau o 1865 ki ngā tau o 1870, ka tū te riri tara-a-whare, ki roto o Ngāti Porou. Arā, ka pakanga a Ngāti Porou ki a Ngāti Porou. Ka weherua te iwi.

Ko ētahi i whai ki te taha Hauhau, nā rātou rā i patu a Te Wākena i te tau 1865. E whakauru mai ana te Hauhau ki te kawe haere i tōna momo rongopai, te Pai Mārire. Ko ētahi o ngā hapū i tautoko, nō roto o Waiapu, o Tokomaru, o Ūawa, me Tūranga. Ko tōna kauhau, he kī e kore e mate te tangata i te matā pū, me te turaki atu i te Pākehā i te whenua o te Māori. I tua atu, e whaiwhai ana he tautoko mō te Kīngitanga, te kaupapa whakakotahi i te Ao Maori i raro i te Kīngi Māori. Heoi, kua takoto kē te whakautu a Ngāti Porou i te whakakāhoretanga a Te Kani-a-Takirau i te tono ki a ia hei kīngi. Ko tana whakataukī, ko tēnei:

Ko tōku Kīngitanga nō te ihu tō mai i te pō. Ko tōku maunga a Hikurangi ehara i te maunga nekeneke, he maunga tū tonu!

Ko ngā pakanga ki te Hauhau i tū ki te taha raki o Waiapu, ki roto o Tokomaru, o Ūawa, me Waerenga-a-Hika i roto o Tūranganui-a-Kiwa. Mutu rawa atu ēnei pakanga i te whāinga i a Te Kooti i Te Urewera i te 1870.

Te Tūkotahitanga

Nō te tāpaetanga o te kīngitanga ki a Te Kani-a-Takirau, ka whakautu ia ki te kōrero nei – ‘Ko tāku kīngitanga nō te ihu tō mai i te pō. Ko tāku maunga a Hikurangi, ehara i te maunga nekeneke, he maunga tū tonu.’

Mai i taua wā ki nāianei kua tū tēnei whakataukī hei kōrero rangatira (ki ētahi he whakahīhī) ki te iwi. Ko te ingoa o Ngāti Porou mōna anō ko Te Wīwī Nāti. I ahu mai te kōrero nei i a Tā Āpirana Ngata, e whakarite ana i te iwi ki te wīwī – ara, he tipu pipiri.

Ko tētahi taha i tū ki te ārai atu i ngā ope Hauhau. I te tau 1865, ka pakanga te ope o Te Aowera ki ngā Hauhau mau pū, i Mangaone. Ko ngā rangatira o te ope, ko Hēnare Nihoniho rāua ko Rāpata Wahawaha. I mate a Hēnare i reira, ka tau te mana ārahi ki a Rāpata.

I te tīmatanga o ēnei pakanga, ruarua noa iho ngā pū a Ngāti Porou E rima noa ngā pū a te ope whitu tekau o Te Aowera. Heoi, kāore i roa ka whakamaua ngā pū a te Kāwanatanga ki ngā ope o Ngāti Porou. Ko te hiahia o te Kāwanatanga he aukati i te Hauhau. Ko te hiahia o Ngāti Porou, he pupuri i tōna ake mana motuhake.

Ko te whakataukī a Te Kani-a-Takirau kua noho hei taonga whakapehapeha mā Ngāti Porou. Ko te Wīwī Nāti tētahi anō o ngā karangatanga o te iwi. Nā Tā Apirana Ngata i whakaingoa, e whakarite ana i te tū ngātahi a Ngāti Porou, anō nei he pū wīwī.

Me pēnei te tohu i te whārangi:

Tamati Muturangi Reedy, 'Ngāti Porou - Ngā pakanga me ngā kaupapa o muri mai i te Pākehā', Te Ara - the Encyclopedia of New Zealand, http://www.TeAra.govt.nz/mi/ngati-porou/page-4 (accessed 19 March 2024)

He kōrero nā Tamati Muturangi Reedy, i tāngia i te 8 Feb 2005, updated 1 Mar 2017