Kōrero: Te reo Māori

Whārangi 5. Te whakaora i te reo i ngā tekau tau o 1970 me 1980

Ngā whakaahua me ngā rauemi katoa o tēnei kōrero

Te reo i ngā kura tuarua

Nā te tutūnga o te puehu i te pitihana mō te reo Māori i te tau 1972, ka tāpaea te reo hei akomanga ki ētahi kura tuarua, heoi, i herea ēnei kura; e whā haora i te wiki ngā akomanga, ka mutu i aro kē ki te ako me te wetewete i te reo, kāore i kō atu. I te tau 1978 ka tuwhera Te Kura Reo Rua o Ruātoki; tae rawa ki te tau 1980 e whā ngā kura reo rua kua whai mana. I tino pai te haere o ēnei kura nō te mea i ahu mai i ngā hapori nui te kōrero i te reo. He reo Māori, reo Ingarihi ngā reo whakaako i te marautanga. Whāia, ka kitea te pakari o ngā ākonga Māori, i uru te hiahia kia whai i te mātauranga.

Te Ataarangi

Ko te tikanga ako a Te Ataarangi i te reo Māori, mā te whakamahi i ngā rākau karakara, i ahu mai i tāwāhi. Nā Caleb Gattegno o Ihipa, he tohunga mō te mātauranga, tēnei tikanga ako i whakahiato. Kātahi ka tangohia e Takuta Kataraina Te Heikōkō Mataira hei tikanga ako i te reo Māori. Ka mahi a Te Heikōkō i te taha o Ngoingoi Pewhairangi ki te whakaako i ētahi tāngata i tipu ake i roto i te reo kia kuhu ki ngā hapori Māori ki te ako i te hunga pakeke ki te kōrero Māori.

Ko te whāinga o Te Ataarangi kia tautoko kia hāpai i te kōrero Māori. Kei te akongia tonutia te reo mā te tikanga o Te Ataarangi i ēnei rā, puta noa i Aotearoa. He wāhi nui tō Te Ataarangi i roto i te whakaoranga o te reo ki roto i ngā kāinga. Nāwai ā, ka whanake Te Ataarangi mai i te mahi mō te kore utu i roto i ngā hapori, ki tētahi hotaka kei te whakaakongia tae rawa ki ngā whare wānanga.

Mai i te whānautanga mai

I te tau 1988 i te arotakenga o ngā kōhanga reo ka puta i tētahi kaumātua te kōrero, ‘Whānau ana te tamaiti, me rarau atu, whakamau ki te ū, kei reira ka tīmata ki te kōrero Māori’. 1

Te kōhanga reo

Ka pakari haere Te Ataarangi, ka paheke haere ko te reo Māori. I rangahaua e Richard Benton te oranga o te reo i te tekau tau mai i 1970; ko ngā whakakitenga o taua rangahau i mea, kei te tūpuhi te reo.

Ka karangahia he hui ki Waiwhetū ki Te Awakairangi mō koro mā, mō kui mā; karangahia ai ēnei hui ko ngā Hui Whakatauira. Ko te whakatau a te hui i mea, ki te ora te reo Māori me tīmata te akoako mai i te whānautanga o te tamaiti, koinei te pūtake o ngā kōhanga reo. Tērā te Hui Whakatauira tuatahi i te tau 1979, ka takoto ki reira te korero a Tā Hēmi Hēnare e wero ana i ngā kaumātua kia arongia nuitia te reo. I whakapūmautia tēnei oati i te wānanga o te tau 1980.

Ngā kaumātua me te kōhanga reo

Mai i te tīmatanga o te kōhanga reo ko ngā kaumātua kei waenganui pū o te kaupapa. Kei tōna pūtake ko ngā mōhiotanga o koro mā o kui mā. Nā rātou i hāpai te kuhunga o ngā kōhanga reo ki ngā hapori Māori. Nā rātou hoki te tikanga ako i whakatakoto kia noho ai hei akomanga Māori mā te whānau katoa. Nō te tau 1982 ka tū te kōhanga reo tuatahi ake ki Pukeatua takiwā ki Wainuiomata.

Kei te pūtake o ngā kōhanga reo ko te whānau me ngā tikanga. Ka akongia ngā tamariki e ngā pākeke me ngā koroua me ngā kuia, kia rumakina te tamaiti ki te reo, kia kaha hoki te kōrero i te reo ki roto i ngā kāinga. Ka akongia e ngā kōhanga reo ngā pākeke kāhore i matatau ki te kōrero Māori, e whai wāhi ai rātou ki roto i ngā akomanga o ā rātou tamariki.

Kupu tāpiri
  1. Kathie Irwin, ‘The politics of kōhanga reo.’ Kei New Zealand education policy today: critical perspectives, ētita Sue Middleton, rāua ko John Codd, ko Alison Jones. Te Whanganui-a-Tara: Allen & Unwin, 1990, wh. 115. Back
Me pēnei te tohu i te whārangi:

Rawinia Higgins rāua ko Basil Keane, 'Te reo Māori - Te whakaora i te reo i ngā tekau tau o 1970 me 1980', Te Ara - the Encyclopedia of New Zealand, http://www.TeAra.govt.nz/mi/te-reo-maori/page-5 (accessed 13 May 2024)

He kōrero nā Rawinia Higgins rāua ko Basil Keane, i tāngia i te 5 Sep 2013, updated 1 Sep 2015