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Kōrero: Te Paea Tīaho

Whārangi 1: Haurongo

Te Paea Tīaho

?–1875

Nō Waikato; he wahine whai mana

I tuhia tēnei haurongo e Angela Ballara, ā, i tāngia tuatahitia ki Ngā Tāngata Taumata Rau i te 1993. He mea whakamāori nā Ngā Tangata Taumata Rau.

I whānau pea a Te Paea (Sophia) Tīaho o Ngāti Mahuta i te tīmatanga o te tekau tau atu i 1820 ki Waikato. Ko Pōtatau Te Wherowhero, te Kīngi Māori tuatahi, tōna matua. Kāore i te mārama ko tēwhea o ngā wāhine a Pōtatau te whaea; ko te wahine mātua, ko Whakaawi pea; ko tētehi kē rānei o āna wāhine iti, ko Raharaha. Ko ētehi o tōna tātai, ko Matutaera; taro ake ko ia a Kīngi Tāwhiao i te matenga o tō rāua matua. Ko tō muri iho ko Tīria ko Te Otaota tētehi o ngā īngoa. Noho nei ka mōhiotia ko Mākareta.

I te wā tonu e kōhinehine ana a Te Paea ka puta ōna tohu rangatira. Arā a Waikato e pakanga rā ki ngā iwi o Te Matau-a-Māui (Hawke's Bay) me Heretaunga. Te mutunga atu ka hinga ngā iwi o reira i te tau 1824. Ka noho, ka noho, ehara, ka whai pū a Ngāti Te Whatuiāpiti me Ngāti Kahungunu whānui i te tekau tau atu i 1830. Ka tīmata te tāoro haere i ōna ito, ko Te Pareihe te pakihiwi kaha. Ko ngā rangatira ēnei o Waikato ka noho māharahara i runga i te whakaaro tērā e taka te wā, ka hurihia atu aua pū ki a rātou. Hei patu i tēnei whakaaro, ka whakahautia a Te Paea rātou ko ngā tamāhine a Wahanui Huatare rāua ko Wiremu Tāmihana Tarapīpipi, kia haere ki a Te Pareihe hei takoha maungārongo.

Ka haere te tokotoru nei ki Tāmaki-makau-rau (Auckland), ā, mā runga kaipuke atu i reira ki Nukutaurua i Te Māhia. Te taenga atu, ka mahara te iwi o Te Pareihe he kaipuke whai tohorā tēnei, ka whakaaetia te hunga ki runga kia tau. Kātahi ka whakahuia e Te Pareihe ōna iwi. Te huinga, ka whai kupu a Te Paea ki a rātou, ka whakatakotoria te hiahia o Waikato ki te whakatū tatau pounamu. Ahakoa te whakahē a ētehi o ngā rangatira, ko te kupu mana i a Te Pareihe. Whakaaetia ana e ia te tono a Waikato. Kāore hoki i mau hereheretia a Te Paea mā, ēngari i tukua kia hoki ki te kawe kōrero ki a Waikato mō te whakaaetanga o Te Pareihe ki te tatau pounamu.

Kāore he kōrero mō Te Paea, kia neke rawa a ia mai i Māngere ki Ngāruawāhia. Ko te tau kāore i te mau. Ka noho te Kīngitanga ki Ngāruawāhia, ka puta te pūmanawa o Te Paea ki te ārahi i te iwi. Tae rawa tōna rongo ki a Erenora Taratoa o Ngāti Raukawa. I roto i te waiata a Erenora ko ēnei kupu:

Ngā ia tuku ki Waikato
Ko Kīngi Pōtatau, ko Te Paea,
Ko Matutaera e tāoro nei
I te nuku o te whenua
Hei aha rā?
Hei mana mō Niu Tīreni
Pōtaea!

Otirā, ko te kōrero a Te Paea ki te minita, ki a Arthur Purchas i te tau 1863, i te haerenga o tōna matua ki Ngāruawāhia i te tau 1858 kia whakawahia hei kīngi, i noho tonu a ia ki Māngere i runga i te tohutohu a tōna matua, ā, kāore hoki a ia i kite i tōna matenga i Hune o te tau 1860.

 

Ko te kōrero a Te Koohi (J. E. Gorst), i te matenga o Pōtatau Te Wherowhero he uaua te whakatau ko wai hei rae tiparetanga mō tōna karauna. I whakahua rawatia a Wiremu Tāmihana Tarapīpipi o Ngāti Hauā. Pērā anō hoki a Matutaera, tama a Pōtatau. Ka whakahuatia ko te tuahine ko Te Paea. Ki te whakapae a Te Koohi, kua 35 pea te pakeke o Te Paea i taua wā, he toka-tū-moana, he hinengaro kokoi. Kāore i paingia a Wiremu Tāmihana e ngā iwi o te Kīngi, nā runga i tōna hiahia ki te noho i runga i te rangimārie me te Pākehā. Ahakoa tōna ngākaurua i te tīmatanga, hīpokina iho ana e Wiremu tana tautoko ki runga ki a Matutaera, ka tangohia ko tā Te Paea tono.

I te tekau tau atu i 1860, he nui ngā take ārahi i te iwi i utaina ki runga i a Te Paea. I te tau 1862, ka whakamātauria e Wiremu Nēra Te Awa-i-taia, tētehi huarahi mai i Whāingaroa ki te awa o Waipā. Noho kōpapa ana te Kīngitanga ki tēnei huarahi, kei noho hei takahanga waewae mō ngā hōia a te kāwanatanga e hiakai mai rā ki ngā whenua o Waikato. Nā runga i te tata o Te Paea ki a Te Awa-i-taia, ka whai wāhi atu a ia ki ēnei raruraru. Nā ōna ringaringa tonu i kukume haere ngā pou rūri e tohu ana i tēnei huarahi.

Ko te ngākau o Te Paea e hinga atu ana ki te taha ngāwari. E rua ngā kaupapa i eke ai ngā mano o te Kīngitanga. Tuatahi ko te tūmanako o te kāwanatanga ki te whakatū kura i Te Awamutu, hei ako i ngā taitama tāne ki ngā mahi e noho pononga pai ai rātou mā te kāwanatanga. Tuarua, ko te hiahia o te kāwanatanga ki te hanga tima kiri-maro ki te matā, hei mānu i te awa o Waikato. Ki te Kīngitanga, he tino whakatete tēnei. I tupu te raruraru i te hokonga mai o ngā rākau mō te kura. Ka whakatika atu tētehi wāhanga o Ngāti Maniapoto, ka heria. Tutū ana te puehu! Ko Te Koohi te kaiwhakawā takiwā mō tērā rohe i taua wā. Ki tāna, me whakahoki aua rākau. Tūpono, i reira a Te Paea, i Kihikihi. Ka tonoa e ia kia kohangia atu aua rākau rā ki a ia. Kāore hoki e taea te whakahē te tono a te rangatira. Nō te rironga o ngā rākau i a ia, ka hoatu e ia ki a Te Koohi. Ka tau te puehu mō te wā poto, anō nei ka mau te rongo ki roto o Waikato.

I taua wā anō, ka tōtara-wāhi-rua te Kīngitanga. Ko te Hāhi Katorika te take. Ko tētehi wāhanga i whakaae kia taka te Kīngitanga ki raro i ngā Katorika nā te mea kāore he pānga atu o tēnei hāhi ki te Kuini o Ingarangi. Ko Te Paea kei tētehi taha e whakahē ana. Tau ana ki tā Te Paea. Muri iho, ka whakatūria e rātou ko ētehi o ngā rangatira o Waikato he hākari mā ngā Pākehā o Rangiaowhia, hei whakanui i te ekenga o te Kīngi ki tōna ahurewa. Rā rua mai, ka haere a Te Paea ki Te Awamutu. Ko te hua o tēnei haere, ko te rerenga o te pōhiri ki te Kāwana kia haere atu ki Waikato.

Ka tata mai te pakanga ki te ihu o Waikato, ohorere ana te tū a Kāwana Hōri Kerei (George Grey) ki Ngāruawāhia i ngā rā tuatahi o Hānuere i te tau 1863. I te haere kē a Kīngi Tāwhiao, ka riro nā Te Paea a Kerei i whakamanuhiri. Ka werohia e Te Paea ki te pātai he aha tē turakina ai e ia te pou haki a te Kīngi hei whakaoti i tāna haere ohorere mai, e kore hoki e whakahēngia e ia tāna i pīrangi ai. Taka rawa ki Āperira ka puta te kōrero a Te Paea ki a Rewi Maniapoto i Kihikihi, kua ūwhia e ia te teihana mihingare i Te Awamutu ki tōna kākahu, ā, kia tau rā anō te maungārongo. I te hiahia rā hoki a Rewi ki te muru i ngā whare, ēngari nō te putanga o te kupu a Te Paea, ka koropiko a Rewi. I Ngāruawāhia, ka tū te rūnanga a ngā rangatira o Waikato. Ko te take ko Te Awamutu anō. Arā a Ngāti Maniapoto e hiahia rā ki te tāoro. Tautohengia ana e Te Paea ngā taniwha kia mau te rongo.

Ahakoa te ngana o Te Paea rāua ko Pātara Te Tuhi, kaitohutohu a te Kīngi, kia mau te rongo, he aha te aha. Whakatika atu, ka kōrerotia e rāua a Te Koohi me ētehi atu āpiha, ngā tāngata whai me ngā mihingare, kia taki wehe atu i Waikato, e kore e taea e Tāwhiao te kaupare atu a Ngāti Maniapoto. Ka hiki papa te nuinga i ngā rā whakamutunga o Hune i te tau 1863. Ko te hiahia o Te Paea, he hoki ki Māngere noho ai. Koia rā hoki tā te matua i ōhākī ai. Ēngari ko tana kōrero ki a Purchas i Āperira, kua meinga a ia kia noho. Me pēhea hoki, arā a Waikato e pōraruraru rā. Ēngari ki te takahia tonutia te kōrero a Pōtatau, kia noho tahi me te Pākehā i runga i te rangimārie tērā ia te hoki ai ki Māngere. Nā te pakarutanga o te riri i Hūrae, i ārai te hokinga o Te Paea.

Kāore he kōrero mō Te Paea i ngā tau o te riri Pākehā, he iti hoki ngā whakahuanga a te Pākehā mōna i te wā i mua atu i tōna matenga. Otirā, kei te mōhiotia ko ia tētehi o ngā pou tokomanawa o te Kīngitanga i Kāwhia, ā, i tōna kāinga noho i Te Kūiti. Ko te kōrero a Te Wheoro, rangatira o Waikato i te tau 1870, i a Te Paea te mana ki te whakaae, ki te whakakāhore rānei, kia huakina te papa kōura i Ōhinemuri. Tou tohu tō te tapairu. Ko 'Princess Sophie' tonu tōna īngoa ki ngā Pākehā. Nō te 22 o Hānuere i te tau 1875 ka mate te uri ariki nei. I tangihia ia i te marae kāinga o Tāwhiao i Waitomo, i Te Kūiti. Ka wharengaro atu.

Me pēnei te tohu i te whārangi:

Angela Ballara. 'Te Paea Tīaho', Dictionary of New Zealand Biography, first published in 1993. Te Ara - the Encyclopedia of New Zealand, https://teara.govt.nz/mi/biographies/2t24/te-paea-tiaho (accessed 26 April 2024)