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As they gradually lost their land, Māori in the north were often forced into manual work to make a living. One common occupation between 1870 and 1935 was digging for kauri gum in wetlands and swamps, where kauri forests had once stood.
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Alexander Turnbull Library, Northwood Collection (PA-Group-00027)
Reference: 1/1-009777; G
Permission of the Alexander Turnbull Library, National Library of New Zealand, Te Puna Mātauranga o Aotearoa, must be obtained before any re-use of this image.