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Wyllie, Kate

by Steven Oliver

Biography

I kō paku mai i Waerenga-a-Hika wāhi o Tūranganui-a-Rua (Poverty Bay) ko Tūtoko. Ko te whakaaro i whānau a Kate (Keita) Halbert i reira i ngā tau tōmua o te tekau tau atu i 1840. Ko ia te tamāhine a te kaihokohoko, a Tāme Poto (Thomas Halbert) rāua ko tana wahine tuarima, ko Keita Kaikiri (Kaikeri). Nā tōna whaea tōna hononga ki a Ngāti Kaipoho o Rongowhakaata, ā, i noho ai hai uri mō Te Hūkaipū. I mōhio whānuitia ko Keita te pūkōrero mō ngā kōrero tīpuna o Rongowhakaata, ā, nō muri ake, nā tēnei i taea ai e ia te tū hai māngai wahapū mō tōna iwi i ngā nohonga o te Kōti Whenua Māori i Tūranga (Gisborne). Nōna ngātahi ngā ao e rua, te ao Māori me te ao Pākehā, ā, nā tōna manawanui me tōna pūkenga ki ngā mahi taupatupatu me ngā mahi whaikōrerorero, i tautiaki tōna mana me āna whai taketanga.

Ko te kōrero i akona a Keita i te kura mīhana Mihinare iWaerenga-a-Hika. E ai ki ngā kōrero tuku iho a te whānau, nō te 14 o Ākuhata 1854 ka moea e ia a Hēmi Waere (James Ralston Wyllie) o Ayrshire wāhi o Koterana, he kaimahi nā te kaihokohoko, nā Kāpene G. E. Read. Ko tētahi o ōna īngoa e mōhiotia ana ko Keita Waere (Waera). I puta ki a rāua ko Hēmi Waere ngā tama tokoono me ngā tamāhine tokotoru. He pāmu tā te whānau i Tūtoko ā tae noa ki te tau 1865. Anea kau ana te whenua i te mahi a ngā whawhai i reira i waenga i te hunga Hauhau me ngā hōia a te kāwanatanga. Nā ngā kūpapa Māori i tuku he whenua mō rātau i te poraka o Kahanui hai utunga. I wawe te taenga atu o te whakaohiti i Noema o 1868 kia rere rātau, te wā i tukia ai a Matawhero e Te Kooti me āna apataki. O te 54 i patua kia mate e 20 nuku atu rānei he Māori, ā, e hia kē nei i mau hereheretia. Ēngari ko tana tama, ko Wiremu, i patua kētia e te marau a Te Kooti i te tukinga o Manutūkē i Tīhema.

Nō te tau i muri mai ko Keita Waere tētahi o te hunga whai whenua, hui katoa 17, nā rātau i hoko he whenua i Tūranganui hai tūnga mō te tāone o Tūranga. E ai ki ngā whakataunga a te Kōmihana o Tūranganui-a-Rua i 1869, ko ia tētahi o ngā rangatira i ngā poraka whenua 13 te tauanga. Hōrapa ana ki roto ko te 19,200 eka o te poraka o Whataūpoko me te 9,000 eka o te poraka o Repongaere. He maha ngā tūnga o Keita Waere ki te aroaro o te kōti ki te tohe i āna kerēme whenua. He whenua i Te Rāhui me te poraka o Kaiaua ētahi i uru mai ki aua kerēme. He wahine hikareia, he wahine māia ki te whakahaere i āna kēhi. Ko ngā whenua kūraruraru i Tūtoko i whakawhiwhia ake hoki ki a Hēmi Waere.

I te tōmuatanga o te tekau tau atu i 1870 arā a Keita Waere i Tūranga e noho ana. Nāna i whakatū he whare, e mōhiotia ana i te rā nei ko Wyllie Cottage, i tērā tarawāhi o te awa o Taruheru atu i te tāone. Nō te 19 o Tīhema 1875 ka hemo a Hēmi Waere. Nō muri iho ka moea e Keita a Kēnana (Michael Joseph Gannon), he tangata i raihanatia hai kaiwhakamāori. Ko te wā tēnei i karangatia ai a Keita i ētahi wā ko Keita Kēnana. Tokorua ngā tama, tokorua ngā tamāhine hoki o tō rāua pā harakeke. Nō te Maehe 1883 ka tū a Kēnana ki te aroaro o te Kōti Whenua Māori ki te whakatakoto i tā rāua kerēme ko Keita, arā ko ngā whenua e nohoia ana e ia i Whataūpoko, he mea tuku ki a ia nā ngā kaitiaki o te poraka, nā Wī Pere rātau ko Riperata Kahutia me Te Riihi (W. L. Rees). Hai tungāne a Wī Pere ki a Keita, ā, ahakoa nā te pāpā kotahi, he whaea kē ō rāua. Heoti, i hinga te kēhi a ngā Kēnana. I te tau 1893 ka nuku rāua ki Ākarana noho ai. He kanohi nō ngā mahi ōpapa te mahi a Kēnana i reira, ā, taro ake ka tū a ia hai kaiwhakamāori.

Nō te tau 1906 ka uru a Keita ki tētahi tautohe ki a Pīmia Aata (Euphemia Arthur) e pā ana ki te tuakiritanga o Te Ratu. Ko te whakaatu mai a Kāpene Kuki (James Cook) i tana pukapuka o 1769, he ūpoko ariki te tangata nei nō Tūranga. I kokoraho a Pīmia he tipuna taua tangata nōna. Kāore a Keita i te whakahē he tipuna tō Pīmia ko Te Ratu te īngoa, ēngari hai tāna, he mokopuna tāne kē tērā i whakaaturia mai rā e Kuki nā Te Hūkaipū, arā, nō Heta Te Kani kē te tipuna rā, ehara nō Pīmia. I whakahaeretia te tautohe nei i ngā whārangi o te nūpepa Te Pīpīwharauroa, ā, i ētahi wā i tautotohetia whānuitia i ngā tiriti o Tūranga.

Nō mua atu a Keita i tana hoa tāne, i a Kēnana, i hemo ai. Nō te 4 o Pēpuere 1913 a ia ka mate. I hinga i te kāinga o tana tamāhine i Remuera wāhi o Ākarana (Auckland). He wahine e maumaharatia ana mō tōna kaha ki te tiaki i tōna mana rangatira me tērā o tōna iwi.


He whakaaturanga anō

Rārangi pukapuka

    Hall, R. Wyllie Cottage. Gisborne, 1983

    Mackay, J. A. Historic Poverty Bay and the East Coast. Gisborne, 1949

    N.Z. Native Land Court. Minute books: Poverty Bay, 1869. Micro MS Coll. 6. WTU


Me pēnei te tohu i te whārangi:

Steven Oliver. 'Wyllie, Kate', Dictionary of New Zealand Biography, first published in 1993. Te Ara - the Encyclopedia of New Zealand, https://teara.govt.nz/mi/biographies/2w36/wyllie-kate (accessed 11 June 2023)