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Manaia, Wiremu Hukunui

by Ian Church

Biography

Ko Manaia, he rangatira nō Ngāti Ruanui, nō Ngāti Tū. Ko tō rātou whenua tupu ko ngā mānia o Waimate ki te tonga o Taranaki, he whenua e takoto ana i waenganui o ngā awa o Īnaha me Ōtākeho. Kāore e mōhiotia ana ngā īngoa o ana mātua; ā, nō nahea rānei ia i whānau ai.

Nō te tomokanga mai o Waikato ki te pakanga ki a Taranaki, ka kitea te toa o Manaia. Nāna i taki tōna iwi ki te maunga o Taranaki hei punanga mō rātou i ngā tau 1820–1840. Ka taka ki te marama o Mei 1834 ka pāhuatia e rātou te kaipuke, a te Harriet, i pae ka pakaru ki te takiwā ki Ikaroa (Cape Egmont). Taukuri rā ia! Te tauhou o ngā kai me ngā taputapu o runga i taua kaipuke! I pōhēhē rātou he kirikiri te parāoa pūrere. Ā, kātahi ka tunua te hopi hei kai! Anā te raru!

Nō te tau 1836 ka hono atu ia ki a Te Matakātea i te pā o Waimate i te wahapū o Kapuni, ka kauparea atu a Waikato. E ai ki ōna uri nā te mea he tangata whakaaio whenua kē ia, kāore ia i whawhai. Heoi, ki a Te Kāhui, i tū atu ia i te rangi o te pā puhipuhi iho ai i ētahi o ngā kaiāpiti.

Ka tau te rangimārie, ka noho a Manaia ki te pā i Te Kauae. Kāore he kōrero iriiri a ngā mihinare mōna, ēngari i te mea ko Wiremu tōna īngoa tērā pea i iriirihia anō kē ia. Kīhai anō hoki ia i uru ki ngā whawhai o ngā tau mai i 1860. I te tau 1866, ka whakahauraro tahi rāua ko Hōne Pīhama ki te kāwanatanga. Nō te marama o Pēpuere 1867, ka tūtaki rāua ko Arthur Atkinson ki Te Kauae. E ai ki a Atkinson kātahi rawa te tangata atawhai ko Manaia.

I ngā pakanga a Tītokowaru o 1868–69, ka ngana a Manaia kia mau te rongo. I te kāhakitanga a ngā tāngata a Tītokowaru i ngā hōiho o ngā hōia a Rūtene Kānara Thomas McDonnell mai i tō rātou hōpuni i Waihī, kāore i taea e Manaia te whakahokihoki. Nō te marama o Oketopa 1869, i muri i te whawhai ki a Tītokowaru, ka tūtaki a Manaia ki a Te Pāriha (Robert Parris), te kōmihana ā-iwi (civil commissioner). Ka tahuri atu ia ka paheko ki te hanga i te rori tōtō kāta i ngā mānia o Waimate. Ora atu ia nā te nui o te rīwai, o te pua otaota hei hoko māna. Nā reira, kāore āna whai ki ngā takoha mai a te kōmihana ā-iwi a Meiha Charles Brown ki a ia. Ko ērā takoha hei utu mō te taiepatanga i ngā whenua rāhui, kia piki ake ai te ora o tōna iwi.

Ka tautohetia ngā mānia o Waimate e ngā hunga pūwhenua i ngā tau tōmua mai i 1880, ka kitea anō te māhaki o Manaia. Mahi ake nei te kairūri whenua, a Harry M. Skeet, i raro i tōna maru. Ko te takoha a Skeet ko te tapanga i te tāone ki a Manaia, e tū tonu mai rā i nāianei. Ahakoa ngā mahi a Te Whiti-o-Rongomai III ki te taki i tana iwi kia whakamutua ngā mahi rūri whenua, ka mea tonu a Manaia kaua noa hei māharahara ngā hunga pūwhenua. I te pāhuatanga o Parihaka e ngā hōia i te marama o Noema 1881, ka patua e Manaia e waru ngā kau hei whāngai i te iwi kua marara. Nāna anō hoki te moni taurangi i tukuna mai ai a Tītokowaru i te whare herehere i te marama o Hūrae 1882.

I te tau 1880 i ana tono ki ngā kōmihana o Te TaiHauāuru mō ōna whenua, tukuna kē ana e ia ko Te Pāriha hei wahakōrero mōna. Ka taka ki ngā tau 1882, 1883, ka tukuna mai he whenua ki a rātou ko tana iwi o Ngāti Tū. He pukapuka whakaū i te mana whenua (Crown Grant), e 5,944 eka i Kaūpokonui. Ko te koha a tana iwi ki a Manaia, ko te whare i hangaia ki Waiōkura i te tau 1887, ko Parakau te īngoa.

Ko te tū a Manaia, ko te tū a te rangatira. He tangata tāroaroa, he kokau te tū. E taitama ana anō ka tāia ki te moko. Kāore ōna uri ake. Tērā atu ētahi o tōna ake whānau, he tāne katoa. Kāore i te mōhiotia ko wai te tuakana, te teina rānei. Ko ō rātou īngoa ko Kato Ruka, ko Ngātairākaunui me Ngonge Ngonge. Ko ngā uri o ēnei rā e hono whakapapa atu ana ki a Manaia i heke mai i a Ngātairākaunui me Ngonge Ngonge. Nō te tau 1892 i mate ai a Manaia.


He whakaaturanga anō

Rārangi pukapuka

    Smith, S. P. History and traditions of the Maoris of the West Coast, North Island of New Zealand prior to 1840. New Plymouth, 1910


Me pēnei te tohu i te whārangi:

Ian Church. 'Manaia, Wiremu Hukunui', Dictionary of New Zealand Biography, first published in 1990. Te Ara - the Encyclopedia of New Zealand, https://teara.govt.nz/mi/biographies/1m7/manaia-wiremu-hukunui (accessed 26 April 2024)