TORU | 3
1835–1860 Ko te reo Māori, te reo o Niu Tīreni
Ngā mahi matua i tēnei wāhanga
- 1835: I te 28 o Whiringa-a-nuku 1835, i Waitangi, i waitohua te Whakaputanga o te Rangatiratanga o Nu Tireni e ētahi rangatira o Te Tai Tokerau.
- 1840: Ko te hainatanga o te Tiriti o Waitangi
- 1842: Ka puta te niupepa reo Māori tuatahi, Ko te Karere o Nui Tireni, ka puta i te kāwanatanga. Ka puta hoki ko Te Māori Messenger: Te Karere Māori ka puta i te kāwanatanga i ngā tau 1849–1854
- 1844: Ka puta te papakupu tuatahi, A dictionary of the New Zealand language nā Wiremu Wiremu
- 1858: Ka heke te taupori Māori ki te 56,000, ā, ka piki te taupori Pākehā ki te 59,000. Ko te wā tuatahi i tokomaha kē atu te iwi Pākehā i te iwi Māori.
Nō te 1835 ko tōna 1000 Pākehā kua tau nei ki Aotearoa, engari i mau tonu te mana motuhake i te Māori. Ko te reo Māori tonu te reo matua i te mahi pakihi, i te mahi tōrangapū, i te hāhi, i te mahi o ia rā anō hoki. Heoi, nō te 1840 i āta heke te mana o te reo me te iwi Māori, nāwai rā ka tere haere te hekenga.
Pēnā i ngā rautau o mua, i te tīmatanga o tēnei wā ko te reo Māori te reo o te ao tōrangapū, ko te rerehua o te reo i rere i ngā marae ātea me ngā tini whakawhitinga kōrero mō ngā Pākehā e tau ana ki te whenua. I te huihuinga o ngā rangatira i Te Tai Tokerau ki te whakarite i Te Whakaminenga (he kāhui o ngā Iwi), i wānangahia He Whakaputanga o te Rangatiratanga o Nu Tirene) i roto i te reo Māori.
Alexander Turnbull Library; Tohutoro: G-821-2; He peita hinu nā Marcus King
Ka pau te rima tau, ka tuhia hoki te puka taketake tuarua o Aotearoa ki te reo Ingarihi, ā, ka whakamāorihia (e ai ki ētahi, i hē te whakamāori). Ko Te Tiriti o Waitangi i tuhia hukihukitia e ētahi tāne Pākehā, e Rūtene-Kāwana William Hobson me ana kaimahi. I whakamāoritia tēnei tuhinga e te mihinare e Henry Williams rāua ko tana tama a Edward. Ahakoa tō rāua matatau ki te reo Māori, kāore i nui ō rāua pūkenga whakamāori. Ahakoa tēnā, i haina ngā rangatira Māori i te tuhinga reo Māori o Te Tiriti, nā konā i nui kē atu ai te mana o taua tuhinga i tō te tuhinga reo Pākehā i ēnei rā.
Ko te reo Māori te reo pakihi. Mai i te tīmatanga o te rautau 1800 i uru ngā Māori ki ngā mahi tauhokohoko ki te ao, ka whakawhiti hoki ki Ahitereiria me ngā waka nō Ūropi ki te hoko atu i te poaka, i te rīwai me te witi. Nō te 1840 i tino eke ngā mahi ōhanga a te Māori, ka tata ki te 20 tau te roa o te pai. He kaha te iwi Māori ki te whāngai i ngā kai ahuwhenua ki ngā tāone hou. Ko te nuinga o ēnei mahi ōhanga, mai i te tautohenga mō te wā whakatō tipu, tae noa ki te tango i ngā utanga waka, i kawea ki te reo Māori.
I te tau 1842 ka puta te niupepa reo Māori tuatahi i te Karauna: Ko te Karere o Nui Tireni . I tōna tauākītanga tuatahi i whakamāramatia atu:
“He pukapuka ra tenei, kia mohio ai te tangata maori ki nga tikanga me nga ritenga o te Pakeha, kia mohio ai ano hoki te Pakeha ki nga ritenga o te tangata maori" 1
Paperspast; The Maori Messenger: Te Karere Maori, 14 Hurai, 1860, p.1
Nō reira, ko tā te Pākehā he ture me whai e ngā tāngata katoa, engari anō tā Māori, e ai ki te Karauna, he ‘tikanga’ noa iho. Ko tētahi niupepa kāwanatanga, ko Te Karere Māori (1849–54) i kōrero pū: ko tāna whāinga ko te ‘whakaako i ngā Māori ki ngā tikanga hou’.
I āta heke te mana tōrangapū o te Māori me te whakamahinga o te reo i te ngaronga o āhuatanga kē atu. He tokomaha te hunga Māori i mate i ngā māuiuitanga nō Ūropi, ina koa, te mate rewharewha me te mate karawaka. I ngaro ngā whenua i ngā hokonga nukarau, ā, i hua ake ngā tohe i ngā take hoko whenua, i werohia hoki te mana o ngā rangatira, pēnā me te take i Wairau i te tau 1843, me te Pakanga i Te Tai Tokerau i ngā tau 1845–46.
Nō te tau 1858 i heke rawa iho te taupori Māori ki te 50,000, ā, i piki te taupori Pākeha ki te 59,000. Ko te wā tuatahi tēnei i hipa te taupori Pākehā i tēnā o te iwi Māori, ā, i ngā tau mai i 1860 ka whakawhiti pūmau te rangatiratanga o ngā iwi e rua.
Mā te pouako
He rawe tēnei kaupapa o Te Mana o te Reo Māori mō te hunga ākonga akoranga takitahi. Mā rātou tonu e tūhura i ngā upoko.
Me tautoko i a rātou mā te whakamahi i ēnei rauemi e hāngai ana ki te tūhura i ā rātou ake hononga ki te reo Māori
Mā ēnei rauemi e whakawhanake i te māramatanga a ngā ākonga mō te Whakapapa, te Tūrangawaewae, te Whanaungatanga, te Mana Motuhake me te Kaitiakitanga, mā ngā pātai matua, ngā tūmahi me ngā mahi tautoko i te reo.
1I kōrerohia e Jane McRae ki Te Karere o Nu Tireni, 'Māori newspapers and magazines – ngā niupepa me ngā moheni - Role of Māori newspapers', Te Ara - the Encyclopedia of New Zealand