Kōrero: Te noho a te hapori

He mahi kai te mahi nui a te kāinga Māori i ngā wā ō mua. Nō te taenga mai o te Pākehā – ngā kaihorapa whenua, te hunga patu tohorā, ngā mihingare, ā, i muri ko ngā tauhou me ō rātou whānau, ka rerekē te āhua o te noho me ngā mahi o te iwi Māori.

He kōrero nā Mark Derby
Te āhua nui: Preparing and eating fern root, around 1828

He korero whakarapopoto

Ngā whakaahua me ngā rauemi katoa o tēnei kōrero

Te noho a te hapori

He moata te tīmata o te rā. He karakia, he whakamoemiti mō te rā te mahi tuatahi.

He kohi kai mō te kāinga te mahi nui a te iwi. Ka pau katoa ngā tāngata ki ngā mahi pēnei i te:

  • whakatō, i te ngaki māra
  • hī ika, i te kohi mātaitai
  • tūtū moa, i te tūtū manu, patu kēkeno.

Ka mahitahi ngā pākeke me ngā tamariki, tae atu ki ngā rangatira.

Ko te kai tuatahi o te rā, i  waenganui ata, arā, kua kake te rā i te rangi. Kia tō haere te rā kātahi ka hoki ngā tāngata ki te pā ki te whakarite i te kai me te kai tahi. Pō noa kua karapinepine te iwi ki ngā mahi tapere, kōrerorero hoki. He wā ka takina ngā karakia ki te rā tō. Kia pōuri ko te nuinga ka parangia e te moe. 

Ngā rerekētanga o te noho a te hapori i te taenga mai o Tauiwi

Whai muri i ngā torotoronga a ngā kaihorapa me ngā kaihoko ka rerekē haere te noho a te Māori. Ka hokona mai ngā rīwai, ngā poaka me ngā hangarau hou pērā i ngā whao rino me te pū. Nō konei ka whāiti haere ngā mahi ki te mahi kai mā te iwi. Nā te pū ka mate te tini tangata i ngā pakanga ā-iwi.

Ka whai wāhi ētahi Māori ki te tauhoko kai, harakeke, papa rākau hoki ki te Pākehā. He tawhiti ēnā haerenga atu i ngā kāinga ki ngā tāone ki te hokohoko taonga ki ngā Pākehā.

Nō ka tae mai ngā mihingare i te tau 1814 ka tukuna ngā mokopuna ki te ako i ngā tikanga Pākehā o te wā. He mahi tino pai te pānui pukapuka ki te pā.

I muri i ngā kakari a te kāwanatanga me ngā iwi i te wāhanga tuarua o te 1800 ka whakatata atu ētahi o ngā iwi ki te Pākehā me ōna āhuatanga. Engari anō ngā iwi kua rapatutia ō rātou whenua, ka huri tuarā ētahi ki ngā āhuatanga o te tauiwi, ka hoki ki ngā tikanga noho a ō rātou tīpuna.

Te noho a te hapori mai i te tau 1900

I te pokapū o te rautau 1900 e noho taiwhenua ana te Māori, tēnā ki tōna kāinga, tēnā ki tōna marae. Ko te marae tonu te manawa o te iwi, engari ka whakarērea te mahi tahi o te whakatipu me te mahi hī, aruaru kai hoki, kia anga kē ki te mahi pūtea. Ka mau tonu ngā whakapono o te ao tawhito me te ao o te Karaiti i waenganui i ētahi.

I muri i te Pakanga Tuarua o te Ao ka hiki te rangatahi Māori ka hūnuku ki ngā tāone mahi ai. I tua atu i ngā mea hokihoki tonu ki te kāinga, ka whakatū marae ētahi ki te tāone. Ka whirinaki ētahi ki ngā kēnge.

Ā mohoa nei e noho tahi ai te Māori me tauiwi. Ā, ahakoa kua ōrite te āhua noho o te Māori me tauiwi; e mau tonu ana ngā tikanga Māori me te kawa o te pōwhiri. Ka kawea hoki ēnei mahi e tauiwi hoki.

Me pēnei te tohu i te whārangi:

Mark Derby, 'Te noho a te hapori', Te Ara - the Encyclopedia of New Zealand, http://www.TeAra.govt.nz/mi/te-noho-a-te-hapori (accessed 19 April 2024)

He kōrero nā Mark Derby, i tāngia i te 5 o Hepetema 2013