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Hippolite, John Te One

by Joy Hippolite

Biography

Nō te 25 o Ākuhata i te tau 1929 i whānau ai a John Te One Hippolite (i rēhita kētia nei ia ko Teone Hoani Hippolite) i te kokoru o Madsen i te motu o Rangitoto (D’Urville Island), te mea pakeke o ngā tamariki, tekau katoa nei rātou, a te ihu oneone nei a Peneāmine (Benjamin) Hippolite rāua ko tana wahine, ko Maria Poto Tuo Elkington. Ahakoa tokorua atu anō ngā tamariki i whakatipua e rāua, tokorua atu anō hoki ā rāua tamariki whāngai i mana tonu te riro mai i a rāua. Ahakoa ōna kāwai mai i a Ngāti Koata, i a Ngāti Toa me Ngāti Kuia, arā atu anō ōna pānga ki a Ngāti Tama me Ngāi Tahu. I tipu mai a Te One i te wā o te korekore, ā, nā te mahi nekeneke haere tonu a ōna mātua ki te kimi mahi, i noho a ia i ngā hōpuni pūihi me ngā kāinga o ōna tūpuna, o ōna whāea kēkē, me ōna mātua kēkē anō hoki. Nā tēnei āhua i tino kaha ake ai tana whakaaro ki te whānau whānui, ā, he mahi tino whakahirahira kē nei ki a ia te whakapapa. He whānau tino whakapono nei tana whānau ki te Hāhi Mōmona.

I kuraina a Te One i ngā kura o Rangitoto, o Matangiāwhea (Auckland Point School) i Whakatū (Nelson) me te kura anō o Matapihi i Kaiaua (Croisilles Harbour). Ka eke nei ōna tau ki te tekau mā toru, kua mahue kē atu i tōna whānau te motu, kua neke kē atu ki Whakatū. Kia āhei ai a Te One te haere ki te kāreti o Whakatū (Nelson College), i noho rātou ngātahi ko ētahi atu whānau e toru nei i te whare kotahi. Waihoki rā, ka rua tau noa tana roa i te kura. I tana wehenga atu i te kura, ko tana mahi tuatahi he mahi i te kīhini o te waka tere o waenganui motu, e rere atu rā i Whakatū ki Pōneke (Wellington). He haere tonu nōna i te taha o ōna mātua kēkē ki te hī ika, i waia ai a Te One ki tēnei mea ki te poti. He wā anō nei, he tapahi taekai nei tana mahi i te takiwā o Te Aumiti (French Pass), he kutikuti, he whakakao hipi anō tā rātou mahi ko ana tuākana, tēina rānei.

Kotahi tau i muri i te pakarutanga mai o te pakanga i Kōrea, arā, i te marama o Hune i te tau 1951, i uru atu a Te One ki te ope taua, ā, whakaakona ana a ia hei kaiwaitohu i te puni hōia o Burnham. I te whakataunga atu i a ia ki te Kayforce, i wehe atu ia ki Kōrea i te 2 o Ākuhata o taua tau tonu, i raro i te matua tohu o te whare o te Huihuinga Iwi Nama 1 (No 1 Commonwealth Divisional Signals Regiment). Kāore i tino pai ki a ia te tauoranga hōia, ka hara haere kē nei ia. Ko ētahi o aua mahi āna he whakangaro noa i a ia (AWOL) mō te wā poto nei, pērā i te wā o te Rā Whakamahara ki ngā Hōia o Ahitereiria me Aotearoa (Anzac Day) o 1952, e iwa hāora kē nei tana roa e ngaro atu ana. Tino werohia ana tōna whatumanawa i a ia e tū hōia ana. I a ia i Kōrea, i kitea e ia te tūkinotanga o te mana o te hunga whakaruru i a rātou i tō rātou whenua tonu, whakaōritea ake ana e ia tēnei ki te āhua o ngā Māori o Aotearoa. I reira kitea ake ana ngā korikoringa tuatahi āna i te ao tōrangapū.

Nō muri i te pakanga, he kaimahi ahu whenua nei te mahi a Te One, ā, nō te 12 o Oketopa i te tau 1953 i moea ai e ia a June Noreen Gray ki Whakatū; tokoono ngā tamariki i whakatipua e rāua. I te wā o te tekau tau atu i 1950, e mahi ana a ia mā te rerewhenua o Aotearoa (New Zealand Railways) i Waipara me Waitaha whaka-te-raki (North Canterbury). Nō muri i tēnā ka riro i a ia te mahi kaitaraiwa, māngai uniana hoki mō te kamupene kaitōtō, mō Kirbys o Whakatū.

Noho ake ana ko te tekau tau atu i 1960 me te pakanga o Whitināmu te wā o te putanga atu o Te One Hippolite hei kaiwhakatūtū. Ehara kau a Te One i te kaiwhakamārie, ā, he mea whakahīhī rawa atu ki a ia tōna mematanga o te Rōpū mō ngā Hōia Mōrehu (RSA). Kāti rā, kua roa kē ia e hīkoi ātete ana ki te pakanga, kāore anō te tangata kia rata mai ki tērā tū āhua. I te tuatahi, tokoono noa pea ngā tāngata o Whakatū, ko ia nei hoki tētahi, e whakatūtū ana. Taihoa ake kitea ana e ia te whakatakariri o te tangata ki a ia. Ahakoa kua takatū kē a ia, nā te mea e hia tau kē nei tana kitenga atu i tētahi mahinga pēnei i waho mai i te whare tapere Majestic; i reira e patua ana, e hāwenetia ana te hunga ātete, e whakatūtū, e whakahē ana nei tā rātou mahi i te kaupapa e here nei i te tangata kia akona hei hōia. Ahakoa, ka mau haere tonu te mahi hīkoi ātete pakanga, hui whakamataara, hui noa ake a te rōpū a Te One, ā, nāwai rā nuku kē atu ana te nui o te tangata e hono mai ana ki a rātou.

Nō ngā tau tōmuri o ngā tekau tau atu i 1960, atu hoki i 1970, i kaha atu ai te mau ake a Te One Hippolite i ngā take Māori. He mema anō hoki ia nō MOOHR (Māori Organisation on Human Rights), ā, nō te tau 1972, i whai wāhi atu anō hoki ia ki tētahi rōpū i Whakatū e māharahara ana ki te nui o ngā Māori e takahi ana i te ture. Riro ana nā ōna mema i tirotiro te momo whakahaere o te kōti whakawā o Whakatū i āna mahi; nō te tau i muri mai i oti i a rātou te pepa nei, ko ‘Justice and race: a monocultural system in a multicultural society’. Ko tā rātou i whakatau nei, e matatika ai te kēhi a te kaiwawao me whai kanohi ā-ture tonu taua tangata rā. Nā te whakaūnga rā o tēnei tikanga, kātahi ka hautoru te iti ake o ngā Māori e mau herehere ana. E ai ki tā rātou i tohe nei, me e kapi katoa ana te motu i taua tikanga rā, ko tētahi hautoru o te hunga Māori e mau herehere ana, kāore kē e tika ana ki reira.

Ko tētahi take māharahara anō a Te One Hippolite ko te kaupapa whakauka. Nō te marama o Hānuere o te tau 1973 i whakatūria atu a ia ki te poari o te pāka moana o ngā kokorutanga o Te Wairau (Marlborough Sounds Maritime Park Board), ā, whāia, nā tēnei whakangākau ōna, nō muri mai i whakatūria atu ia i te tau 1991 ki te komiti Māori mō ngā taonga tuku iho (Māori Heritage Committee) o te Pouhere Taonga (New Zealand Historic Places Trust). I whai wāhi atu anō hoki ia ki ngā kerēme e rua i riro nei nā te Rōpū Whakamana i te Tiriti o Waitangi (Waitangi Tribunal) i whakahaere; inarā, ko te kerēme mō te motu o Takapōrewa, Takapourewa rānei (Stephens Island), me te kerēme anō hoki mō ngā tipu māori me ngā kararehe taketake (Indigenous Flora and Fauna), he mea rēhita rā i ngā tau 1989 me 1991.

I te mahuetanga o rāua ko tana hoa wahine i te tau 1973 (nō te tau 1976 i wehe tūturu ai), i nuku atu a Te One Hippolite ki Waikato, ki reira mahi nēhi ai. He mea nui ki a ia ngā tau e waru i pau i a ia ki reira, whakamarohi ake ai i tana taha Māori, me tana taha ‘kaiwhakatūtū mangu’ hoki. Nō taua wā anō i uru atu hoki ia ki te hīkoi Māori mō te whenua o te tau 1975, ā, mau ana ia e te ture i te papa korowha o Whāingaroa (Raglan) me Takaparawhā (Bastion Point). I pakangatia anō hoki e ia te haerenga mai o ngā Springboks ki konei purei whutupaoro ai i te tau 1981. He tangata tautoko nei a Te One i te Rōpū Reipa o Aotearoa, tae noa ki te wā i whakatūria mai te rōpū Mana Motuhake i te tau 1980. Taupiri tonu tana mahi mai i te taha o ACORD, arā, o te komiti o Ākarana mō ngā take kaikiri, whakahāwea anō hoki (Auckland Committee on Racism and Discrimination). I ngā tau tōmua atu o te tekau tau atu i 1980 i tino whakatakariri nei te Hāhi Mōmona ki a ia, he wero nōna i te Hāhi mō te āhua o tō rātou whakaaro ki te hunga kiri mangu o Amerika.

I te mutunga atu o te tau 1981, kua hoki kē atu a Te One ki Whakatū. I reira i hono atu ia ki tētahi rōpū, ko te īngoa nei ko te rōpū ā-iwi o Whakatū (Nelson Race Collective), arā, he wāhanga tēnei nō te kotahitanga ārai i te whakatoihara iwi o te takiwā kāinga. He kaitohutohu tikanga ā-iwi anō hoki tētahi o āna mahi i te Tari Toko i te Ora. Nō tana pūkeke kia whakapaitia ake ai te oranga me te hauora o te Māori, nāna anō i tīmata anō te komiti Māori o Whakatū, ko ia anō hoki he mema nō te komiti marae o Whakatū, ā, tāpiri atu ki tēnā, ko ia tētahi nā rātou i whakatū he kōhanga reo i Whakatū. He mema anō hoki ia nō te komiti tūturu mō te hauora Māori (Standing Committee on Māori Health).

Nō te 27 o Pēpuere o te tau 1993 i moea ai e Te One Hippolite te kaimahi toko i te ora nei, a Rosemary Gwendolyn Sutherland i Richmond, inarā, tekau tau kē nei rāua e noho tahi ana. E iwa marama i muri mai, i te 17 o Noema, i a ia i tētahi hui i te marae o Whakatū, i hinga mate manawa a Te One. I tāpukena ia i te wāhi mō te RSA i te urupā o te kōawa o Te Mātenga (Marsden Valley), ā, mahue ake ana ko tana wahine me ngā tamariki.


He whakaaturanga anō

Rārangi pukapuka

    ‘Nelson black activist believes reason will prevail’. Nelson Evening Mail. 11 June 1983: 7

    Obit. Mana No 5 (Feb.–March 1994): 9


Me pēnei te tohu i te whārangi:

Joy Hippolite. 'Hippolite, John Te One', Dictionary of New Zealand Biography, first published in 2000. Te Ara - the Encyclopedia of New Zealand, https://teara.govt.nz/mi/biographies/5h24/hippolite-john-te-one (accessed 24 April 2024)