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Pitini-Morera, Hariata Whakatau

by Tipene O'Regan

Biography

Ko Hāriata Whakatau Pītini-Morēra (Beaton-Morel) te tino ariki nui o Ngāti Kurī, tētahi o ngā hapū matua ake o Ngāi Tahu i Te Waipounamu. Ko te tau 1871 pea, ko te tau 1872 kē rānei te tau i whānau ai ia i Ōnawe (Little River) wāhi o Hakaroa (Bank's Peninsula). Hei tamāhine ia mā Hāriata Whakatau rāua ko tana tāne ahu whenua, ko John Hampstead. Ko te pāpā o tōna whaea ko Kaikōura Whakatau, te kaingārahu o Ngāti Kurī, ā, riro ana nā tōna whaea tonu a Hāriata i whāngai ki ngā toi tuku iho o Ngāti Kurī.

Ko te whakaaro ko 1890 pea te tau i moe ai a Hāriata i a Hoani Pītini-Morēra i Ōnawe; ko tētahi taha o Hoani nō Ngāti Rongomaiwahine, ā, ko tētahi taha ōna he Wīwī. I neke pērā atu rāua ki Oaro, he wāhi e pātata ana ki Kaikōura, ki tētahi pāmu nā te rota a te Karauna i riro ai i a Hoani; kātahi ka whakakotahitia atu e ia ki ngā whenua ake o Hāriata. O ngā tamariki i puta ki a rāua, tokotoru ngā mea tāne, tokotoru ngā mea wāhine. I konei, ka ū tonu a Hāriata ki te tikanga i tīmataria e tōna pōua, e Kaikōura Whakatau, arā, ki te tiaki i ngā papanga tuku iho, tēnā rawa hoki, ngā wāhi i nehua tonutia ai rātou i hinga rā i te huakitanga a ngā marau a Ngāti Toa i te takutai o Kaikōura i te tekau tau atu i 1820, taka atu ki te tekau tau o 1830. Nā Hoani a ia i āwhina ki te haurapa me te tuhituhi i ngā whakapapa me ngā kōrero pūrākau o te takiwā ki Kaikōura.

I te wā e hangaia haeretia ana te ara rerewē matua me te huanui mā te ākau o Kaikōura i ngā tau tōmua o te rau tau rua ngahuru, he maha ngā wāhi nehunga me ngā mahinga kai i tūkinotia. Ko Hāriata rāua ko Hoani Pītini-Morēra ngā kaiwhiriwhiri ki ngā mana whakahaere i ēnei take. I taka ki a Hāriata te kawenga ki te hahu me te neke i ngā kōiwi tūpāpaku he wāhi kē. Ko tāna mahi nui kē i nāianei he rekoata, tae atu ki te āta tiaki hoki, i ngā papanga nehunga. Ko tā te tangohanga i te whenua hei ara rerewē, he aukati mai i te haere a te tangata ki ngā mahinga kai nunui o takutai. Noho ake ana a Hoani hei kaikōrero tākare, kia tiakina aua wāhi. Ko ngā hua o ngā kēhi maha nāna i hari ki te Kōti Whenua Māori, ko tērā o te whakaeatanga, me te mana-tāwhai, tata tonu te kapi te roanga atu o te ākau o Kaikōura.

Ina kē noa atu te nui o ngā wāhi motuhake, nā Hāriata anō i whakarite te whakarāhui haere. He tino kaitautoko ia i te kaupapa mahi mai i ngā whenua rāhui hei wāhi tirotiro mā te tangata. Nāna i whai tēnei huarahi hei kaupapa māna kia whakamutua ngā mahi tūkino i ngā wāhi tapu. Otirā, kīhai ia i mōhio he para kē tāna i te huarahi e taea noa ihotia ai te whakawhiti ngā wāhi tapu huhua noa, atu i ngā mana whakahaere ā-rohe ki te Karauna, ina hoki i te kaha kē atu te manaaki a te ture i ngā takiwā kua rāhuitia hei mātakitaki mā te katoa.

He kaiwhatu, kairaranga tākare a Hāriata, ā, i whakaarohia nuitia a ia mō tana mōhio, ēngari he tino ruarua nei āna mahi toi i mahue ake. I whakapaua e ia ōna kaha ki te tiaki i ngā wāhi hei whakatō harakeke me ērā atu momo tipu anō. Tēnā rawa ia, ko tana whakamātau ki te whakamana i tētahi tikanga whakamahi i te whenua, mā reira nei e āta tiakina ai ngā taonga tipu e ngākaunuitia ana e te Māori. Nāna i mau tonu ai te tipu o te harakeke me ngā kiekie i Kāretu (Blue Duck Valley), tae atu ki te karaihe nei, te tikumu o Kairimu, he wāhi e pātata ana ki Waiautoa (Clarence River). Ahakoa tāna i whakamātau ai, itiiti noa tāna i pahure ai.

Nō ngā tau tōmua o te tekau tau atu i 1920, he mea rumaki haere nā Hāriata ētahi māra kai nui tonu ki Mikonui, he wāhi kei te tonga o Oaro. E takoto potapotae ana aua māra nei i ngā mahinga kūmara onamata a Ngāti Kurī. He maha ngā momo kai nāna i whakatipu, arā, he huarākau me ngā kai tuku iho a te Māori. Nā konei i puta ai he oranga nui tonu ki te whānau, nā tana hoko ki ngā kaimahi e hanga ana i te rerewē. Mau haere tonu āna mahi whakamātautau ki te whakatipu kūmara, ā, nāwai rā kua aro haere mai te tangata; ko tētahi wāhi paku i hua mai i aua whakamātautauranga ko te whakaohotanga mai anō i te hiahia o te hunga wānanga kia mōhio ki tā te Māori anō whakamahi i te whenua i runga anō i te āhua o ngā rangi o ngā rohe ki te tonga. Heoi, kīhai i tutuki ngā mahi a Hoani ki te rāhui i te takutai moana mai i Oaro ka ahu whaka-te-tonga ki ngā pari o Haumuri, hei mahinga kai mā Ngāti Kurī.

I tino kaha rawa atu te whai wāhi atu a Hāriata rāua ko Hoani ki te tiaki me te tuhituhi i ngā īngoa wāhi tuku iho o Ngāi Tahu. He tonotono tonu tā rāua mahi i ngā mana whakahaere o te wā kāinga me te kāwanatanga kia whakaaetia ā-turetia aua īngoa, ēngari, he paku noa iho te wāhi o aua mahi i pahure i a rāua. He tini ngā wāhi rongonui onamata kua tapaina kētia ki te īngoa Pākehā. Kia ahatia, riro ana nā rāua i whakakaupapa te mahi tuhituhi i ngā mōhio o te Māori o taua rohe e pā ana ki a Papatūānuku.

Ko Hāriata rāua ko Hoani ngā kaimanaaki o ngā hui maha i tū ki tō rāua kāinga i Oaro e pā ana ki ngā tāhuhu kōrero o Ngāi Tahu, ēngari, tēnā rawa ia, mō ngā tāhuhu kōrero o Ngāti Kurī me ō rātou whanaunga o Ngāti Kahungunu. He mea āta tuhi, he mea āta whakakaupapa ngā kōrero mō te takenga mai o ngā iwi, me te hekenga o Ngāi Tahu ki te tauihu o te waka o Māui. Mahi ake ana, mahi ake ana, kore rawa i pau te hau. I a Hāriata i te hōhipera o Kaikōura i te tau 1930, ka hua ake ki a ia te whakaaro e hemo ana ia. He tino māharahara nōna kei ngaro noa ōna mātauranga, ka tahuri ia ki te tuhi i ngā kōrero tuku iho. Kāti, inā kē te nui o te mahi i kao i a ia me te rawe o tana tuhi. Ko tōna whānau tonu i te taha o tana moenga e āwhina ana i a ia ki te hāpai i taua mahi āna. I whakamutua ohoreretia tētahi o ngā tuhituhinga i waenganui tonu o tētahi rārangi kōrero. Ko te tikanga i pēnei ai, e ai ki ngā kōrero, nā te kīnga atu a ngā tākuta ki a ia, arā, ka ora tonu ia.

I tua atu i āna mahi ki te tuhi i ngā whakapapa me ngā tikanga ā-iwi, he pūkōrero pakiwaitara a Hāriata, ā, he tohunga hoki ki ngā toi tuku iho o te whaikōrero. Ko ia tonu te tino puna wai o te mōhiotanga i whāia e te hunga wānanga pērā i a W. J. Elvy rātou ko A. H. Carrington, ko W. A. Taylor mā, ā, riroriro tonu ia ki te Kōti Whenua Māori, he kaiwhakaatu tana mahi. Nā te mea ko ia te ariki o Ngāti Kurī i manahau ai a Hāriata ki te pīkau i te kerēme a Ngāi Tahu kia utua rātou mō ngā whenua i ngaro i raro i te hokonga a Te Keepa (Kemp) i te tau 1848. I takahia e ia te nuku o te whenua ki ngā hui nui whakawhitiwhiti whakaaro me ngā hui whakaritenga. Hora whānui ana te whakaaro nui ki tōna tohungatanga ki ngā kōrero a ngā tīpuna, ā, he nui tonu te wāhi ki a ia ki te āwhina i te kōti ki te whakahiato i te rārangi whakapūmau o ngā whakapapa o rātou o Ngāi Tahu whānui i te ora tonu i te wā o te tau 1848.

Nō te 2 o Āperira 1938, ka mate mai a Hāriata Pītini-Morēra ki Kaikōura. Ko ana mōrehu ko āna tamāhine tokorua me āna tama tokorua. Kua hinga noa atu a Hoani i te tau 1929. Tata ana ki te 50 tau a Hāriata e pukumahi ana ki te tohu i ngā papanga e hira ana ki a Ngāti Kurī, ā, me tana whakatūpato kei ngaro noa ō rātou whakapapa me ā rātou tikanga.


He whakaaturanga anō

Rārangi pukapuka

    Elvy, W. J. Kaikoura coast. Christchurch, 1949


Me pēnei te tohu i te whārangi:

Tipene O'Regan. 'Pitini-Morera, Hariata Whakatau', Dictionary of New Zealand Biography, first published in 1996. Te Ara - the Encyclopedia of New Zealand, https://teara.govt.nz/mi/biographies/3p28/pitini-morera-hariata-whakatau (accessed 18 April 2024)