Whārangi 1: Haurongo
Haddon, Robert Tahupōtiki
1866–1936
Nō Ngāti Ruanui; he minita Wēteriana
I tuhia tēnei haurongo e Angela Ballara, ā, i tāngia tuatahitia ki Ngā Tāngata Taumata Rau i te 1996. I whakahoutia i te o Hune, 2015. He mea whakamāori nā Ngā Tangata Taumata Rau.
I whānau a Robert Tahupōtiki Haddon i te rohe o Te Hokianga i te 5 o Oketopa i te tau 1866. He tama ia nā Charles Haddon, he tangata tua rākau, he kaimahi pāmu hoki nō Kōterani, rāua ko tana wahine, ko Te Paia Tahupōtiki; nō Ngā Ruahine rāua ko Ngāti Manuhiakai a Te Paia, he hapū ēnei nō Ngāti Ruanui. Ēngari anō, i moe atu ōna tūpuna ki a Ngā Rauru. Hei koroua tuatoru ki a ia a Tītokowaru I; he koroua ake nōna a Riwha Tītokowaru, te kaihautū i ngā pakanga, te matakite hoki i ngā tau tōmuri o te tekau tau atu i 1860. Ko te āhua nei, he mea iriiri a Tahupōtiki Haddon i roto i te Hāhi Wēteriana ki te īngoa o Robert; kāti, ko te īngoa i mōhiotia ai e te Māori me te Pākehā ko Tahupōtiki.
E tamariki tonu ana te whaea o Tahupōtiki, ka whakaakona hei tūmau mō ngā mahi kāinga; ka mutu, ka whakaakona hoki ki te whakapono i roto i ngā kāinga o ētehi o ngā mihinare Wēteriana i tae tuatahi mai ki Te Hokianga. I te wā o āna tamariki, nāna rātou i whakamōhio ki ngā whakaakoranga ki a ia me tōna whakapono. E tai tonu ana a Tahupōtiki, ka mate a Te Paia; ka riro nāna ōna tāina i manaaki. Ākuanei, nō tōna matenga pea, i hoki ai rātou ki ngā whenua o tōna iwi i Taranaki; kāore anō ngā tau o Tahupōtiki i eke noa ki te rua tekau, kātahi anō a ia ka pā ki Parihaka. Ka tīkina atu e tōna whanaunga, e Tohu Kākahi, ka atawhaitia a Tahupōtiki; ka whakaakona e Tohu ki tāna i whakapono ai, tae atu ki ngā tikanga o mua. I te 8 o Hepetema o te tau 1896 i Wairoa (Waverley), ka moe a Tahupōtiki i a Huihana (Susan) Haerehau Shelford, he tamāhine nā Edward Oliver Shelford rāua ko Iritana (Eritana) Raiehe, arā anō tōna īngoa ko Te Paenga. I roto i ngā tau, ka whānau mai ā rāua tamariki, tokorima ngā mea wāhine, tokowhā ngā mea tāne.
He auau tonu te mahi a T. G. Hammond, te tumuaki o te Hāhi Wēteriana ki te mīhana Māori mō Te Tai Hauāuru, ki te peka atu ki te whakataki i a Tohu i Parihaka; i reira, ka tūpono ki a Tahupōtiki. I mauria atu e ia a Tahupōtiki ki tōna kāinga mō tētehi wā, ā, i mau haere tonu te whakaako i a ia. Nō te hui ā-tau o te Hāhi o te tau 1898, ka whakaaetia a Tahupōtiki Haddon hei ākonga mō te minitatanga, ā, i tīmata tonu atu tana akoranga atua mō ngā tau e rua i te Kāreti Wēteriana o Te Tātua (Three Kings), i Ākarana (Auckland). I kō atu i te rangahau whakapono, ko tētahi āhua anō o te kaupapa whakaakoranga ko te manaaki i ngā tikanga o te Kotahitanga o ngā Tamariki o te Kāreti o Te Aute (Te Aute College Students' Association); nō muri, hono atu ai te rōpū nei ki te Rōpū Taitamariki Māori (Young Māori Party).
I whakatūria a Tahupōtiki Haddon hei minita ākonga, i raro i te whakahaere a Hammond i Pātea, i roto i Taranaki i te tau 1900. Nā runga i te mauāhara o ngā iwi i mate i te whakaekenga o Parihaka e te kāwanatanga, ā, i te murunga rā o ngā whenua, i uaua ai ōna tau tōmuri i Parihaka; ko te whakaaro o ngā iwi e tautoko ana i a Tohu, he pūrahorua kē a ia, ā, taunutia ana a ia i ngā tiriti. Kāre noa iho i eke ki te 30 ngā Māori o te Hāhi Metoriti (ko te Hāhi Wēteriana tētehi īngoa anō) i tōna rohe me te hekenga iho anō o te nui o ēnei. Nō te matenga o Te Whiti rāua ko Tohu i te tau 1907, ka iti haere ake ōna raruraru me te ara ake anō o tōna mana.
Ka whakanekea a Tahupōtiki Haddon ki Ōkaiawa mai i Pātea i te tau 1902. Tae rawa ake ki te tau 1904, kua whakatapua ia hei minita. Ākuanei, nō taua wā tonu i tukua a ia ki TeWaipounamu, ki reira whakataki ai i ngā iwi Metoriti mō ngāmarama e whā, me kore e taea te whakakotahi ngā kāhui Māori me ngā kāhui Pākehā; kāre i tutuki. Ka whakatuwheratia te kura mō ngā kōtiro Māori, a Turakina (Turakina Māori Girls' School) e te Hāhi Perehipitīriana i te tau 1905, kāre kau he kura a te Hāhi Metoriti i pērā te rite; koirā te tau i porotiti haere ai a Tahupōtiki i roto o Taranaki me Waimarino ki te rapu tamariki i roto i ngā whānau Metoriti, hei tuku ki Turakina. Ahakoa anō rā, i mau tonu ia ki te whakaaro ki tētehi kura Metoriti mō ngā kōtiro ki roto o Taranaki. I whakaīngoatia ia ki te komiti whāiti i te hui a te Hāhi Metoriti i te tau 1917, ki te āta titiro i te kaupapa nei. Nōna kē ka mate, kātahi anō ka tū taua kaupapa nō te whakatuwheratanga o Rangiātea, he kura ako i ngā mahi kāinga a ngā Metoriti, i Nū Pāremata (New Plymouth) i te tau 1940.
Ka mutu i a Tahupōtiki Haddon te kaha pai ki te whaikōrero. Nā te rangatira me te ātaahua anō o tōna tupu – arā, te tāroaroa me te taiea o te hanga tū – ka tīmata te arongia atu; i māmā anō ai, nā tōna matapopore anō ki ngā āwangawanga o te iwi ki ō rātou whenua. Nō te tau 1909, ka whakauru atu ia ki tētehi whakakotahitanga i Te Tai Hauāuru, nā Waata Wiremu Hīpango i ārahi. Ko te tikanga o te rōpū nei, he wawao i ngā take Māori me te whakamātau kia whakahokia mai ngā whenua i murua. Ko ia anō tētehi o te rōpū tono 70, i tae ki Pōneke (Wellington) i taua tau tonu, ki te whakahē i te whakamanatanga i ngā rīhi mō ake tonu atu, i ngā Rāhui Whakatau o Te Tai Hauāuru (West Coast Settlement Reserves), me te tono hoki kia whakahokia mai ngā whenua i te mutunga o te rīhi. Ka rapu ngā iwi o Taranaki i tētehi kaiwhakauru mō te rohe Māori o Te Tai Hauāuru i te tau 1911, ka tonoa atu ki a Tahupōtiki Haddon, me kore e hiahia a ia ki te tū hei mema; ko tana whakahoki, 'kāhore he tangata e pono te mahi ki ngā rangatira tokorua.' Ka tohu a Taranaki i a Māui Pōmare.
Nō te tau 1910, kua whakanukua kētia a Tahupōtiki Haddon ki Matariki (Normanby). He ngaro tonu, he ngaro tonu tana mahi i tōna kāinga. Tae rawa ake ki te tau 1918, kua noho kē ia hei tumuaki mō te takiwā ki Taranaki puta atu ki Waimarino. Ko tētehi wāhi nui o āna mahi, he whakauru atu ki ngā whakatau mō te whakatapu waipiro, i Te Tai Hauāuru, ā, ki tawhiti noa atu; nā ngā tono a te Kotahitanga o Niu Tīreni (New Zealand Alliance), tae atu ki te tekau tau mai i te 1920, tinitini ana te wā i wetekina mai a ia i āna mahi ki te whakahaere i te mahi whakatapu waipiro. E hia kē nei ngā tau a Tahupōtiki e takahi ana i te nuku o te whenua, kia tae ia ki ngā hui nui i ngā tōpito katoa o te motu, me tana kōrero kia tautokona te whakatapu i te waipiro. Ko ia tētehi o ngā kaiārahi nui o te rōpū māngai Māori i tae ki te Whare Pāremata, i Hūrae o te tau 1923, ki te inoi atu kia kaua e whakaaetia te raihana waipiro ki roto o te Rohe Pōtae.
Ka tīmata a Tahupōtiki Wiremu Rātana, he whanaunga nō Tahupōtiki Haddon, i tana porotiti haere ki te whakaora tūroro me te kauwhau i te whakaohotanga o te whakapono, i hihiko tonu te tautoko a Tahupōtiki Haddon i a ia. Ka whakatuwheratia e Rātana tana whare karakia a Piki-te-Ora i Rātana pā i te tau 1920, i riro nā Tahupōtiki Haddon ngā whakaritenga tapu o ia hāhi, o ia hāhi, i whakarōpū. Nō te hui ā-tau a ngā Metoriti i tū ki Pōneke i te tau 1921, ko te whakamārama mai a Tahupōtiki Haddon mō te mīhana a Rātana, arā, tūturu he kaupapa karaitiana. Kāre rawa i kitea he wāhi o tana mahi minita mō te Hāhi Metoriti i taupatupatu ki tana noho hei apataki mā Rātana nā te whakaaro o Te Hīmoa (A. J. Seamer), te tumuaki matua o te Mīhana Māori mō ngā Metoriti, he pai kē atu te kore o te riri ki te rōpū hou rā.
Ahakoa kua rēhitatia kētia te Hāhi Rātana i te tau 1925, i muri iho, i wātea tonu a Tahupōtiki, ko ia i nāianei te kaiwhakahere tumuaki Māori mō te Hāhi Metoriti, ki te mahi haere tonu i te taha o te Hāhi Rātana. I whai anō tana tama, a Ōriwa, i a ia hei minita mō te Hāhi Metoriti, ā, nō te tau 1927, ka noho ia hei kuramāhita i te kura tuatahi o Rātana pā. He whakaaro nō Tahupōtiki Haddon, i te kaha nui o ngā pōrearea e aki ana i a Rātana i taua tau, ka pānuitia e ia tana tautoko ki tōna whanaunga. Koirā ka mea ia kia riro ko ia hei tuatahi kia iriiria i roto i te temepara hou e hangaia ana i Rātana pā.
Ka mate a Māui Pōmare i te tau 1930, ko te meatanga tēnā a Tahupōtiki Haddon i a ia hei kaiwhakauru mō Te Tai Hauāuru. Nō te kitenga kua tutū te puehu i waenganui i a rāua ko Te Tāite Te Tomo, ka unu mai a ia i a ia. I te wā nei, i a Tahupōtiki i Ngāruawāhia, i pū ake ai te tokānuku o te iwi kāinga e noho mai rā i raro i a Te Puea Hērangi. Ka riro mai i te Hāhi Metoriti he whare minita mō rātou i Ngāruawāhia, ā, whakanōhia ana a Tahupōtiki ki reira i te tau 1930. Ki tā te Hāhi Metoriti, ko ia tonu te minita Māori matua o te hāhi. Rite tonu āna tū mahi ki ō te Hāhi Rātana, i pērā anō te whakaaro o te minitatanga Metoriti ki te Kīngitanga: arā, kia kaua e mārō rawa te whakahē i ngā momo hāhi Māori e tupu ake ana. Kore rawa a Tahupōtiki i whakaepaepa ki te haere ki ngā hui Pai Mārire. He whakapiri nō Tahupōtiki ki a Te Puea hei hoa mōna i roto i āna kaupapa huhua ki te whakatikatika i te iwi, ka kī a Te Puea ko ia he tangata pai rawa atu. E whakahāwea tonutia ana a ia i te tīmatanga, ēngari nō muri mai ka tupu haere te hiahia o te hunga ki a ia hei whakahaere i ō rātou mārena me ngā tanu tūpāpaku. I te tau 1933, i te tangihanga ki a Te Rata, me te whakawahinga o Korokī hei Kīngi tuarima, i tū mai ko Tahupōtiki Haddon tētehi o ngā tino kaiārahi. I taua wā, hei tohu whakahōnore ki a ia, i tīkina e ngā koeke o te Kāhui Ariki te kākahu huruhuru o Tāwhiao, te Kīngi Tuarua, ka hūhi atu ki a ia.
He wā poto noa iho tana noho i Matariki i tōna hokinga atu i te tau 1932; nō te marama o Ākuhata, ka mate tana wahine a Huihana i reira. Ka mutu, ka tonohia a ia ki Te Kūiti noho ai mō tētehi rua tau. He hui nui i karangatia ki Waitangi i te tau 1934, ka tae atu ia hei manuhiri; ko te tukunga tērā o ngā iwi o Taranaki i tā rātou pikitia e whakaatu ana i te hainatanga o te Tiriti o Waitangi, hei whakairi ki roto i te Whare Tiriti; nā tana tama, nā Ōriwa i peita. Ka hoki a Tahupōtiki ki Matariki i te tau 1935, ēngari, ahakoa kua tata tana eke ki te 70 tau, e haere tonu ana āna mahi hāereere ki ngā hui nui me te whakahaere mīhana. E rua ngā tino hui i whakahaerea e rāua ko Eruera Te Tuhi i Te Tai Tokerau i taua tau anō. Nō te tau o muri mai, nō 1936, ka haere rāua tahi ko Te Hīmoa ki te ārahi i te Koaea Māori o te Hāhi Metoriti (Methodist Māori Choir) ki Ahitereiria.
E whakamutumutu ana te tau 1936 ka tae atu a Tahupōtiki ki Matakana ki te kite i tētehi o āna tamāhine moe tāne. Kātahi ka pāngia a ia e te mate; nō te haringa i a ia ki te hōhipera iti o Mahurangi (Warkworth Cottage Hospital), ka mate ia i te 5 o Noema. E whakahokia ana te tūpāpaku ki tōna kāinga i Taranaki kia tanumia ki reira, ēngari, nā runga i te tono a Kīngi Korokī, kātahi ka peka atu ki Waahi, ā, whakatakotoria ana te tūpāpaku ki roto i te whare nui. Tērā ētehi tino kākahu e rua i hūhia e Korokī ki runga i te kāwhena, kātahi ka poroporoakitia. Nō te mea he Meihana a Tahupōtiki, i whakahaerea tētahi wāhi o te nehunga i runga i ā rātou tikanga. I tanumia a Tahupōtiki Haddon ki te urupā i Weriweri, e tata ana ki Matariki, i te 8 o Noema 1936. Nō te tau 1948, ka hangaia he kāinga hou mō ngā rangatahi Māori o te Hāhi Metoriti i Hāwera, hei tohu whakamaharatanga ki a ia.