Whārangi 1: Haurongo
Tenetahi, Rāhui Te Kiri
1830/1831?–1930
Nō Ngāti Wai, nō Ngāti Whātua; he wahine whai mana, he kaiwhiwhi kaipuke, he kaikokoraho whenua
Tenetahi, Wiremu Te Heru
1826/1827?–1923
Nō Ngāti Wai; he kaiwhiwhi kaipuke, he kaihokohoko, he kaikokoraho whenua
I eh tuhia tēnei haurongo e Angela Ballara, ā, i tāngia tuatahitia ki Ngā Tāngata Taumata Rau i te 1993.
I whānau a Rāhui Te Kiri i Pākiri i te takutai rāwhiti o Te Tai Tokerau, i te tau 1830, 1831 rānei. Ko tōna pāpā ko Te Kiri, he rangatira nō Ngāti Wai, me Te Kawerau rāua ko Ngāti Manuhiri, he karangatanga hapū nō Ngāti Whātua. Ko tōna whaea ko Pepei o tērā karangatanga hapū pea o Te Taoū, he wāhanga nō Ngāti Whātua. I taka iho ki runga i a Rāhui te mana whenua o Te Kiri i Pākiri, i Ōmaha, i Aotea (Great Barrier Island), i Hauturu (Little Barrier Island), me ērā anō o ngā motu i waho atu i te tuawhenua. I a ia e tamariki tonu ana, i noho ia ki Pākiri, ki Ōmaha me te motu o Hauturu. E tai tonu ana, ka moe ia i a Te Rua (ko Te Roa kē rānei), he tama nā Pōhuehue o Ngāti Wai. Noho ai rāua ki Pākiri, ā, mate noa te tāne i te takiwā pea i te tōmuritanga o te tekau tau atu i 1850; kātahi ka tukua ia e tana pāpā rāua ko te tuakana o Te Rua, ko Te Urunga, hei wahine mā Te Heru Tenetahi.
I whānau a Tenetahi, ko Wiremu anō tētahi o ōna īngoa, ki te motu o Aotea, te āhua nei i te tau 1826, 1827 rānei. E ai ki tana kī, he tama ia nā Pōhuehue, ā, he mokopuna nā Te Heru o Ngāti Taka hapū o Ngāti Wai. I kī anō ia ko Totoro tōna whaea, ā, i āta whakahē hoki ia i ngā tohe a ētahi kaiaro nei he toto Pākehā ōna. Kāti, kāre kau he kōrero hei whakamārama i te take i mōhio ai ia ki te tuhituhi me te pānui kōrero i te reo Pākehā.
Nō roto i ngā tau tōmuri o te tekau tau atu i 1860, ka noho pūmau a Tenetahi rāua ko Rāhui ki Hauturu motu, ka tīmata hoki ki te whakanoho i te kau me te poaka ki reira. I noho rangatira tahi rāua mō tētahi wāhanga iti nei o Ngāti Wai i reira e noho ana. Whakawhiwhia ana e rāua ētahi Māori, Pākehā hoki ki te mahi, ki te keri kāpia, ki te tapahi wahie me te rākau kauri hei papa, hei hoko ki Ākarana (Auckland). Nō muri i te matenga o Te Kiri, te pāpā o Rāhui, i te tau pea o 1872, ka noho rāua i tana kāinga, he whare papa i te taha tonga o Te Tītoki. Ko ētahi o ā rāua tamariki, 10 te maha, i whānau tonu i te motu. He wā i muri mai i te tau 1872, ka hangaia he waka papa mō rāua, ko te Irene te īngoa, he mea utu tētahi wāhi ki ngā whenua o Rāhui i hokona rā i te tuawhenua. Ko te hunga whakahaere i te waka ko Tenetahi rātou ko āna tama, ā, he mea whakamahi ki te hokohoko taonga i te takutai moana, ki te hari mēra rānei ki Hauturu. He wā anō a Rāhui e noho ana ki Ōmaha, ēngari ko te motu tonu tōna tino kāinga, te wāhi i whakatipua e ia āna tamariki; kua tika mai te hau, kua haere ake a Tenetahi ki te whakataki i a rātou. Ko ā rātou kūmara he rahi rongonui, he reka hoki, ā, whakatipua ana hei hoko. I whāia e rātou te kererū me te tītī.
Nā te hiahia o te Pākehā ki te motu o Hauturu, i mutu ai ngā mahi hokohoko e hia tau kē nei e whakahaereere ana kāre he raruraru. Nā tō rātou hiahia i te tīmatanga kia hoko mai i te motu hei wāhi parahau, ka tīmataria e ngā āpiha a te Karauna ngā whakariterite mō te hoko i te tau 1878. Kātahi ka ara ake tētahi raruraru nui, taumaha hoki te pīkautanga i te utu, kia kitea nō wai te whenua; i whakataetaehia e ngā ariki o Ngāti Whātua me te whānau o Tenetahi rātou ko ērā atu o Ngāti Wai i te motu e taki noho ana. I Hūrae o te tau 1880 i tukua te motu e te Kōti Whenua Māori ki a Te Hēmara Tauhia o Te Kawerau me ētahi atu o roto o ngā hapū o Ngāti Whātua. Kāore a Rāhui rāua ko Tenetahi i whakaurua ki te rārangi īngoa o ngā kaiwhiwhi karāti. Nā Rāhui me ētahi atu o Ngāti Wai i tono i Mei 1881 kia whakahaerea anō taua kēhi rā. He aha rā, kore tonu te tiati, a Te Penetana (Francis Dart Fenton), i pai kia whakataua taua take; nō tētahi nohanga tuaruatanga anō i Hune, i tukua te motu ki a Rāhui, ki a Tenetahi me tētahi tokotoru anō nō Ngāti Wai. Kotahi marama i muri mai, ka kāhititia a Hauturu hei whenua kia whiriwhiritia, hei kati i te hoko, atu i te Karauna.
I roto i ngā tau ukiuki e toru i muri mai kāre anō ngā whakaritenga a te Karauna ki te hoko i te whenua i anga whakamua. Koinei pea te take i whakatuwheratia anō ai te kēhi nei i Pēpuere o 1884, i raro i te Pire mō ngā Whakamananga me ngā Whakaritenga Motuhake (Special Powers and Contracts Bill) o 1883. Ka tukua te motu ki a Te Kawerau; ko Rāhui i whakaurua ki runga i te rārangi īngoa, kāre kau a Tenetahi. Nō te Oketopa o 1886 ka whakahaerea anō te take nei, i riro nā Te Penetana a Ngāti Wai i kōrero. Kātahi ka tukua te motu ki ngā mea o Ngāti Wai i taea e rātou te whakaatu i āta nōhia e rātou. Ko ngā īngoa tuatahi i runga i te rārangi īngoa ko ō Rāhui rāua ko Tenetahi.
Nō te rā anō i whakataua ai te take nei, e pānui pukapuka ana a Anaria Reiheke (Andreas Reischek) ki te Rōpū o Ākarana (Auckland Institute) e pā ana ki ngā manu o Hauturu. Ko Te Penetana tētahi o taua whakaminenga rā, ā, whakapuakina ana e ia te whakaaro kia hokona mai a Hauturu hei motu whakaruru mō ngā manu māori. Ka whāia tōna whakaaro e Reiheke rāua ko Thomas Cheeseman, te hēkeretari o taua rōpū rā. Ka tautokona e te pirimia, e Tā Rāpata Taute (Robert Stout). Nō te Tīhema o 1891, ka puta te whakahau a te kāwana, a Rōre Ōnero (Onslow), kia apohia atu a Hauturu hei wāhi whakaruru mō te kōtihe me ērā atu o ngā manu māori kua ngaro haere i runga i te tuawhenua.
I te tīmatanga o te tau 1891, ka tonohia a Tenetahi kia hokona a Hauturu ki te Karauna. Nā Tenetahi tonu te kōrero i whakaae ia kia hokona mō te £3,000, ko te take e nama tonu ana ia ki a Te Penetana mō te whakahaeretanga a tērā i tana kēhi i te Kōti Whenua. Ēngari i takoto rawa tana kōrero kia kaua tētahi kapa kotahi e tuwhaia kia ea rā anō aua raruraru nama. Ka akiākina e ngā kaihoko whenua a te kāwanatanga ētahi o ngā kaikarāti kia kawea te take ki te kōti kia taea te whakawehe mai ō rātou pānga. I te whakahaeretanga a te kōti i te tau 1892, ka tukua ki a Tenetahi tētehi hea kia kotahi tekau, ka tukua ki a Rāhui me tokorua o āna tamariki tētahi hea kia kotahi toru-tekau mā te mea kotahi o rātou; e ngaro ana ēnei tāngata katoa i te wā o te whakataunga. Kātahi ka hokohokona haeretia mai e ngā āpiha a te kāwanatanga ngā hea o ērā atu o ngā kaikarāti.
Nā te mea kāore i arongia atu tā rāua tono, i puta ai te whakaatu a Tenetahi, a Rāhui me ētahi atu i te 7 o Hānuere 1892, kua unuhia e rātou tā rātou whakaae kia hokona. Kātahi ka puta tā rātou pānui kia tukua mai he utu mō te tope i ngā rākau kauri i ō te motu i whakaaetia rā e Ngāti Wai hei taonga mā Tenetahi rāua ko tōna whānau. Nō te 12 o Maehe 1892 i tukua e Tenetahi rāua ko Rāhui he konotaraka tope rākau ki a S. W. Brown mō £1,000. Nō te Tīhema o 1892, ka aukatia e te ture a Tenetahi, a Rāhui me Brown mō te takahi pokanoa i te whenua; nō konei ka whakarērea e rātou te motu mō te wā poto. I te tau 1893, ka tae atu tētahi rongo pai ki a Tenetahi e pā ana ki tana pitihana ki te Pāremata, ēngari, nō te tau o muri mai, kia āhei te kāwanatanga ki te whakawhiti i ngā whai pānga o te whānau o Tenetahi ki te Karauna, ka whakamanahia te Ture Hoko o Hauturu Motu (Little Barrier Island Purchase Act) o 1894. Ko ngā hea whai moni a Rāhui, a Tenetahi rātou ko tā rāua tamāhine a Ngāpeka me ētahi tokorua i tua atu, i utua kētia ki te Kaitiaki o te Motu (Public Trustee) i Ākarana. Heoi, kīhai a Tenetahi, a Rāhui me tā rāua tamāhine i whakaae ki te nanao atu i ā rātou moni.
I te Tīhema o 1894, ā, i te roanga o te tau 1895, i whakapaetia e Tenetahi me tētahi o āna tama ki a Charles Robinson, te kaitiaki o te motu i tohungia i te tau 1893, nō te mea nāna i pupuhi, i rokiroki hoki ētahi kōtihe, kātahi ka tukua ki a Te Pura (Walter Buller), he tohunga manu. I te tīmatanga, i whakaaro kē a Gerhard Mueller, te kōmihana mō ngā whenua o te Karauna mō te takiwā ki Ākarana, i puta ai ngā whakapae a Tenetahi nā ōna whakaaro kino ki a Robinson; ko te utu a tērā mō ngā kōtihe kei raro noa atu i te utu i whakaarohia e te tama. Ēngari, ka haere nā te wā, ka panaia a Robinson e te kāwanatanga. I whakatūpatohia anō e Mueller ngā kaiwhiwhi Māori kei te takahi pokanoa rātou i taua motu; heoi kāre a Tenetahi i whakaae i tika te hoko a te kāwanatanga. Ka takoto i a Mueller ētahi huarahi kakawa hei pana atu i te whānau a Tenetahi, heoi, nāna anō i kī kāre he take o taua mahi nō te mea kua tohungia kētia te kōtihe mō te mate, oti atu.
Nā runga i te whakapae e nōhia pokanoatia ana e Ngāti Wai te whenua, ka whakahaua rātou kia haere atu i Hauturu i te 10 o Tīhema. Te mutunga iho, ka tae atu ngā āpiha a te kāwanatanga, ngā pirihimana, me ngā hōia mau pū i te tākiritanga o te ata i te 20 o Hānuere 1896; kātahi ka mauria atu a Tenetahi rātou ko Rāhui, ko ērā atu o Ngāti Wai me ētahi Pākehā i reira e noho ana, mā runga i te kaipuke Nautilus. Kāre noa iho rātou i tino whakatenetene rawa ki te haere. I tukua a Tenetahi rāua ko Rāhui i Te Kūrae-a-Tura (Devenport), wāhi o Ākarana, ēngari i oatitia atu te whakaae kia hoki atu ki te whakatahi i ā rāua kararehe, taputapu hoki.
I te roanga o te tau 1896, e pau haere ana te moni a te kāwanatanga me te mate hoki i te whakamā i runga i ngā whakariterite mō te tuku i te motu nei ki te Rōpū o Ākarana. He tohe tonu nō Tenetahi kia whiwhi ia i te moni e nama ana ki a ia, ka waihotia āna kararehe ki te motu. Nō te pānuitanga a te kāwanatanga i te karanga kia utua te tangata hei whakawātea i aua kararehe rā kia hoki mai ai ētahi o ngā moni a te kāwanatanga i pau, tere tonu te haere atu o Tenetahi ki te nuku. Waihotia ake e ia hei taunu whakamutunga māna, ko te pānga o te whiti mō te ope tirotiro a te Rōpū o Ākarana. Kua tae tēnei ope ki te motu i te Hānuere o 1897, ā, ka kitea kua haria kētia e Tenetahi tōna whare; ko te mea kotahi rawa tēnei hei nohanga.
I tohe haere tonu a Tenetahi tae noa ki te 1902; i tono moni kāpeneheihana mō āna nama me āna taonga ki te kōti whenua, ēngari ka kitea kua kore noa atu he take. E hia kē nei ngā tau, kāre a Tenetahi rāua ko tana hoa wahine, ko Rāhui e tahuri ki te tango i ā rāua moni i te Kaitiaki o te Motu. I a rāua ka kaumātuatia, ka noho rāua i Pākiri. I mate a Wiremu Tenetahi i te 27 Hune 1923, tōna pakeke 96 tau, ā, i mate a Rāhui Tenetahi i te 24 Pēpuere 1930, e 99 ōna tau. E takoto tahi ana rāua i te urupā i te marae o Te Kiri tūtata tonu ki te tāone o Leigh. Ko te hunga i āwhinatia e ēnei raruraru katoa ko te kōtihe; putaputa ana te hua me te tini, ā, nō te mutunga o te rau tau mai i 1900, ka whakanōhia anō aua manu ki ngā motu o Taranga, o Marotiri (Hen and Chickens Islands), o Repanga (Cuvier Island) me Kapiti.